I believe there are always some friends who don’t like to use plug-ins when writing code and prefer to use native JS to write. So today I will bring you a tutorial to use native JavaScript to implement AJAX and JSONP.
function ajax(params) { params = params || {}; params.data = params.data || {}; // 判断是ajax请求还是jsonp请求 var json = params.jsonp ? jsonp(params) : json(params); // ajax请求 function json(params) { params.type = (params.type || 'GET').toUpperCase(); // 请求方式,默认是GET params.data = formatParams(params.data); // 避免有特殊字符,必须格式化传输数据 var xhr = null; // 实例化XMLHttpRequest对象 if(window.XMLHttpRequest) { xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); } else { // IE6及其以下版本 xhr = new ActiveXObjcet('Microsoft.XMLHTTP'); }; // 监听事件,只要 readyState 的值变化,就会调用 readystatechange 事件 xhr.onreadystatechange = function() { // readyState属性表示请求/响应过程的当前活动阶段,4为完成,已经接收到全部响应数据 if(xhr.readyState == 4) { var status = xhr.status; // status:响应的HTTP状态码,以2开头的都是成功 if(status >= 200 && status < 300) { var response = ''; // 判断接受数据的内容类型 var type = xhr.getResponseHeader('Content-type'); if(type.indexOf('xml') !== -1 && xhr.responseXML) { response = xhr.responseXML; //Document对象响应 } else if(type === 'application/json') { response = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText); //JSON响应 } else { response = xhr.responseText; //字符串响应 }; // 成功回调函数 params.success && params.success(response); } else { params.error && params.error(status); } }; }; // 连接和传输数据 if(params.type == 'GET') { // 三个参数:请求方式、请求地址(get方式时,传输数据是加在地址后的)、是否异步请求(同步请求的情况极少); xhr.open(params.type, params.url + '?' + params.data, true); xhr.send(null); } else { xhr.open(params.type, params.url, true); //必须,设置提交时的内容类型 xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8'); // 传输数据 xhr.send(params.data); } } //格式化参数 function formatParams(data) { var arr = []; for(var name in data) { // encodeURIComponent() :用于对 URI 中的某一部分进行编码 arr.push(encodeURIComponent(name) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(data[name])); }; // 添加一个随机数参数,防止缓存 arr.push('v=' + random()); return arr.join('&'); } // 获取随机数 function random() { return Math.floor(Math.random() * 10000 + 500); } }
I believe you have mastered the methods after reading these cases. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the php Chinese website!
Related reading:
Summary of the front-end js framework and explanation of its uses
Detailed introduction to the three major structures of the javascript development tutorial
How to implement Web Worker with multi-threading in H5
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