这篇文章主要介绍了Ajax请求和Filter配合案例解析的,本文给大家介绍的非常详细，具有参考借鉴加载，需要的朋友可以参考下
案例引入
现在有这样一个问题，就是在提交大片文字评论的时候，前台拿到数据之后给后台发送ajax请求，然后后台有一个防止SQL注入的Filter，这个Filter得到这个前台传过来的数据之后，进行合法性校验，如果没有校验成功，那么要跳转到error.jsp页面进行显示错误信息。现在让我们看看怎么实现这个需求。
思路一：请求转发实现
ajax请求
$.ajax({
method:'post',
url:'servlet/DemoServlet',
dataType:'json',
data:{
'userName':userName,
'passWord':passWord,
'text': text
},
success:function(data){
//成功之后的逻辑
},
error:function(){
//错误之后的逻辑
}
});Copy after login
防止SQL注入Filter
package com.yiyexiaoyuan.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import javax.security.auth.message.callback.PrivateKeyCallback.Request;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
//过滤sql关键字的Filter
public class SQLFilter implements Filter
{
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException
{
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse) response;
// 获得所有请求参数名
Enumeration params = req.getParameterNames();
String sql = "";
while (params.hasMoreElements())
{
// 得到参数名
String name = params.nextElement().toString();
// System.out.println("name===========================" + name +
// "--");
// 得到参数对应值
String[] value = req.getParameterValues(name);
for (int i = 0; i < value.length; i++)
{
sql = sql + value[i];
}
}
System.out.println("提交方式:"+req.getMethod());
System.out.println("被匹配字符串：" + sql);
if (sqlValidate(sql))
{
//请求转发
req.getRequestDispatcher("error.jsp").
forward(req, res);
}
else
{
String request_uri = req.getRequestURI();
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
// 校验
protected static boolean sqlValidate(String str)
{
str = str.toLowerCase();// 统一转为小写
// String badStr = "and|exec";
String badStr = "'|and|exec|execute|insert|select|delete|update|count|drop|chr|mid|master|truncate|char|declare|sitename|net user|xp_cmdshell|or|like|;|--|+|,|*|/";
/*
* String badStr =
* "'|and|exec|execute|insert|create|drop|table|from|grant|use|group_concat|column_name|"
* +
* "information_schema.columns|table_schema|union|where|select|delete|update|order|by|count|*|"
* + "chr|mid|master|truncate|char|declare|or|;|-|--|+|,|like|//|/|%|#";
*/// 过滤掉的sql关键字，可以手动添加
String[] badStrs = badStr.split("\\|");
for (int i = 0; i < badStrs.length; i++)
{
if (str.indexOf(badStrs[i]) != -1)
{
System.out.println("匹配到：" + badStrs[i]);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException
{
// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
}
public void destroy()
{
// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
}
}Copy after login
web.xml配置
<filter>
<display-name>SQLFilter</display-name>
<filter-name>SQLFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.yiyexiaoyuan.filter.SQLFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>SQLFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
Copy after login
分析，ajax请求DemoServlet，然后请求先被防止SQL注入这个Filter过滤器先过滤，然后过滤到的请求参数构成一个匹配字符串，然后检查是否是恶意代码，如果是的话，请求转发。但是很遗憾，逻辑上这个是对的，但是ajax请求是局部刷新的，最后是要回到ajax请求发起的这个页面的，所以请求转发不会实现，我们看下一种实现逻辑。
思路二：返回值进行判断
这个思路的逻辑是这样的：在Filter过滤掉信息的时候，给ajax请求回送一个json数据，然后返回给前台，前台拿这个数据进行判断是否是恶意代码和良好代码。再进行下一步的处理。
ajax请求
$.ajax({
method:'post',
url:'servlet/DemoServlet',
dataType:'json',
data:{
'userName':userName,
'passWord':passWord,
'text': text
},
success:function(data){
//成功之后的逻辑
if (data.mssage!=""){
//执行处理恶意代码的逻辑
}
else{
}
},
error:function(){
//错误之后的逻辑
}
});Copy after login
防止SQL注入的Filter
package com.yiyexiaoyuan.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import javax.security.auth.message.callback.PrivateKeyCallback.Request;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
//过滤sql关键字的Filter
public class SQLFilter implements Filter
{
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException
{
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse) response;
// 获得所有请求参数名
Enumeration params = req.getParameterNames();
String sql = "";
while (params.hasMoreElements())
{
// 得到参数名
String name = params.nextElement().toString();
// System.out.println("name===========================" + name +
// "--");
// 得到参数对应值
String[] value = req.getParameterValues(name);
for (int i = 0; i < value.length; i++)
{
sql = sql + value[i];
}
}
System.out.println("提交方式:"+req.getMethod());
System.out.println("被匹配字符串：" + sql);
if (sqlValidate(sql))
{
//传送json数据
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
json.accumulate("message", "恶意代码注入");
res.getWriter().print(json.toString());
}
else
{
String request_uri = req.getRequestURI();
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
// 校验
protected static boolean sqlValidate(String str)
{
str = str.toLowerCase();// 统一转为小写
// String badStr = "and|exec";
String badStr = "'|and|exec|execute|insert|select|delete|update|count|drop|chr|mid|master|truncate|char|declare|sitename|net user|xp_cmdshell|or|like|;|--|+|,|*|/";
/*
* String badStr =
* "'|and|exec|execute|insert|create|drop|table|from|grant|use|group_concat|column_name|"
* +
* "information_schema.columns|table_schema|union|where|select|delete|update|order|by|count|*|"
* + "chr|mid|master|truncate|char|declare|or|;|-|--|+|,|like|//|/|%|#";
*/// 过滤掉的sql关键字，可以手动添加
String[] badStrs = badStr.split("\\|");
for (int i = 0; i < badStrs.length; i++)
{
if (str.indexOf(badStrs[i]) != -1)
{
System.out.println("匹配到：" + badStrs[i]);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException
{
// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
}
public void destroy()
{
// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
}
}Copy after login
思路三：异常+跳转实现
这个思路的逻辑是这样的。后台的Filter过滤掉恶意注入代码的话，抛出RuntimeException()，然后导致ajax请求失败，然后回调ajax请求的error方法。但是我们错误页面的数据怎么传送过去呢？经过我认真思考之后，我们可以这样做，在session存一个error_messgae值，然后ajax请求的error方法跳转到错误页面，然后进行取值渲染错误页面。
ajax请求
$.ajax({
method:'post',
url:'servlet/DemoServlet',
dataType:'json',
data:{
'userName':userName,
'passWord':passWord,
'text': text
},
success:function(data){
//成功之后的逻辑
},
error:function(){
window.location.href="error.jsp";
}
});Copy after login
防止SQL注入Filter
package com.yiyexiaoyuan.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import javax.security.auth.message.callback.PrivateKeyCallback.Request;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
//过滤sql关键字的Filter
public class SQLFilter implements Filter
{
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException
{
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse) response;
// 获得所有请求参数名
Enumeration params = req.getParameterNames();
String sql = "";
while (params.hasMoreElements())
{
// 得到参数名
String name = params.nextElement().toString();
// System.out.println("name===========================" + name +
// "--");
// 得到参数对应值
String[] value = req.getParameterValues(name);
for (int i = 0; i < value.length; i++)
{
sql = sql + value[i];
}
}
System.out.println("提交方式:"+req.getMethod());
System.out.println("被匹配字符串：" + sql);
if (sqlValidate(sql))
{
req.getSession().setAttribute("error_message","恶意注入了");
throw new RuntimeException("恶意注入");
}
else
{
String request_uri = req.getRequestURI();
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
// 校验
protected static boolean sqlValidate(String str)
{
str = str.toLowerCase();// 统一转为小写
// String badStr = "and|exec";
String badStr = "'|and|exec|execute|insert|select|delete|update|count|drop|chr|mid|master|truncate|char|declare|sitename|net user|xp_cmdshell|or|like|;|--|+|,|*|/";
/*
* String badStr =
* "'|and|exec|execute|insert|create|drop|table|from|grant|use|group_concat|column_name|"
* +
* "information_schema.columns|table_schema|union|where|select|delete|update|order|by|count|*|"
* + "chr|mid|master|truncate|char|declare|or|;|-|--|+|,|like|//|/|%|#";
*/// 过滤掉的sql关键字，可以手动添加
String[] badStrs = badStr.split("\\|");
for (int i = 0; i < badStrs.length; i++)
{
if (str.indexOf(badStrs[i]) != -1)
{
System.out.println("匹配到：" + badStrs[i]);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException
{
// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
}
public void destroy()
{
// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
}
}Copy after login
error.jsp实现
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>错误页面</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<center>
系统出错了，请稍后再试......
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
错误信息是: ${ error_message}
</center>
</body>
</html>Copy after login
这样就很巧妙得实现了Filter拦截并友好提示。
上面是我整理给大家的，希望今后会对大家有帮助。
相关文章：
前端ajax的各种与后端交互的姿势（图文教程）
Ajax上传文件进度条Codular
Ajax实现动态加载数据
The above is the detailed content of Ajax request and Filter cooperation case analysis. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
![[Web front-end] Node.js quick start](https://img.php.cn/upload/course/000/000/067/662b5d34ba7c0227.png)
