This article mainly introduces the analysis of host objects in js, which has certain reference value. Now I share it with everyone. Friends in need can refer to it.
Host objects are objects provided by the browser. , mainly including DOM objects and BOM objects.
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">SGML(标准通用标记语言)是定义使用标签来表示数据的标记语言的语法。<br> - 标签由一个小于号和一个大于号之间的文本组成，如<title><br> - 标签分为起始标签和结束标签，分别表示一个特定区域的开始和这个特定区域的结束，如<title>标题</title><br> - 特性是定义在起始标签内的值。如<img src="pircutre.jpg">，src就是其特性<br>HTML遵循SGML标记语言的语法,它是的SGML一种应用。或者说，SGML用来定义HTML的文档类型定义(DTD)。SGML还用来编写XML的DTD。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">XML对SGML的语法做了更细致和严谨的扩展。<br> - SGML的奇怪语法:<br> - 某些标签不语序出现结束标签，如HTML中的<img>标签，否则会出现错误。<br> - 某些标签的结束标签可以不写，如HTML中的<p>标签。<br> - 标签可以以任何顺序嵌套，如<p><span></p></span>。<br> - 某些特性必须包含值，如<img src="picture.jpg">。<br> - 某些特性不要求一定有值，如<td nowrap>。<br> - 定义特性的两边有没有加双引号都是可以的，如<img src=picture.jpg>也是允许的。<br> - XML去掉了许多SGML中的随意语法，并且规定了新的语法:<br> - 任何的起始标签都必须有一个结束标签。<br> - 可以采用另一种简化语法，即一个标签同时表示起始标签和结束标签，即<tag />，如<br />,<hr />。<br> - 标签必须按合适的顺序嵌套。就近原则书写结束标签。<br> - 所有的特性都必须有值。<br> - 所有的特性都必须在值得周围加上双引号。<br>XML衍生出了MathML、SVG、RDF、RSS等等。同时，HTML被改进为XHML，即遵循XML语法的HTML。XHMTL被称为严格模式。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">XML定义了HTML的数据排版和解析方式。根据XML语言规范，需要制定API来实现对<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">这些数据的操作和访问。<br>DOM模型就是最为流行的针对XML的基于树的API。它将XML解析为一颗有节点的树模型，并使用一系列互相关联的对象来表示XML的代码。从而能够指导开发增删改查等具体API的实现。<br>* DOM是语言无关的API，它并不与其它语言绑定。但对于JavaScript而言，DOM被习惯理解成API集合。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;">HTML DOM <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">（文档对象模型）<br><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> - 当网页被加载时，浏览器会创建页面的文档对象模型（<span style="color: #808080;">Document Object Model<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">）。<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - HTML DOM <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">模型被构造为对象的树。<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">通过<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML DOM<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">，可访问<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">文档的所有元素。<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - <html><br><span style="color: #808080;"> <head><br><span style="color: #808080;"> <title>...</title><br><span style="color: #808080;"> ...<br><span style="color: #808080;"> </head><br><span style="color: #808080;"> <body><br><span style="color: #808080;"> <p><br><span style="color: #808080;"> ...<br><span style="color: #808080;"> </p><br><span style="color: #808080;"> ...<br><span style="color: #808080;"> </body><br><span style="color: #808080;"> </html><br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">通过可编程的文档对象模型，<span style="color: #808080;">JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">获得了足够的能力来创建动态的<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">能够改变页面中的所有<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">元素<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">能够改变页面中的所有<span style="color: #808080;"> HTML <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">能够改变页面中的所有<span style="color: #808080;"> CSS <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">样式<span style="color: #808080;"><br><span style="color: #808080;"> - JavaScript <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">能够对页面中的所有事件做出反应<br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> - 即<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;">Javascript<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">可以操作四个内容<span style="color: #808080;">:，<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;">html<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">元素、<span style="color: #808080;">html<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性、<span style="color: #808080;">css<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">样式、事件。<br> - HTML DOM 是浏览器对象BOM的一个属性</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">DOM定义了树节点（node）的层次和其Node接口:<br> - Document 最顶层的节点，所有的其它节点都是附属于它的。<br> - DocumentType DTD引用(使用<!DOCTYPE>)，如<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">。它不能包含子节点。<br> - DocumentFragment 可以像Document一样来保存其它节点。<br> - Element 表示起始标签和结束标签之间的内容。这是唯一可以同时包含特性和子节点的节点类型。<br> - Attr 代表一对特姓名和特性值。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - Text 代表XML文档中的在其实标签和结束标签之间的，或者CData Seciron内的普通文本。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - CDataSection <![CDATA[]]>的对象表现形式。这个几点类型仅能包含文本节点Text作为子节点。<br> - Entity 表示在DTD中的一个实体定义，例如<!ENTITY foo "foo">。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - EntityReference 代表一个实体引用，例如"。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - ProcessingInstruction 代表一个PI。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - Comment 代表XML注释。这个节点类型不能包含子节点。<br> - Notation 代表在DTD中定义的记号。这个很少用到。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Node接口还定义了不同节点类型的12个常量:<br> - Document - Node.DOCUMENT_NODE<br> - DocumentType - Node.DOCUMENT_TYOE_NODE<br> - DoucmentR=Frament - Node.DOCUMENT_FRAMENT_NODE<br> - Element - Node.ELEMENT_NODE<br> - Attr - Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE<br> - Text - Node.TEXT_NODE<br> - CDataSection - Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Entity </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>- Node.ENTITY_NODE<br> - EntityReference - Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">ProcessingInstruction </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>- Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE<br> - Comment - Node.COMMENT_NODE<br> - Notation - Node.NOTATION_NODE<br>* 这些常量会在选择节点之后以属性的方式查询</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Node接口还定义了不同节点类型的12个常量:<br> - Document - Node.DOCUMENT_NODE(9)<br> - DocumentType - Node.DOCUMENT_TYOE_NODE(10)<br> - DoucmentR=Frament - Node.DOCUMENT_FRAMENT_NODE(11)<br> - Element - Node.ELEMENT_NODE(1)<br> - Attr - Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE(2)<br> - Text - Node.TEXT_NODE(3)<br> - CDataSection - Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE(4)<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Entity - Node.ENTITY_NODE(5)<br> - EntityReference - Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE(6)<br> - <span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">ProcessingInstruction - Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE(7)<br> - Comment - Node.COMMENT_NODE(8)<br> - Notation - Node.NOTATION_NODE(12)<br>* 这些常量会在选择节点之后以属性的方式查询</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">Node接口定义了所有节点类型都包含的特性和方法:<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
| Characteristics/Methods | Type/Return Type | Description |
| nodeName | String | node Name |
| nodeValue | String | ## The value of the node |
| nodeType | Number | The type constant value of the node |
| ownerDocument | Document | The document to which the node belongs |
| childNodes |
NodeList | List of all child nodes of the node |
| firstChild | Node | The first node in the child node list |
| lastChild | Node | The last child node list Node |
| hasChildNodes() | Boolean | Whether it contains children Node |
| appendChild(node) | Node | Append node Add to the end of childNodes |
| Node | Delete node from childNodes | |
| Node | Replace oldnode in childNodes with newnode | ## insertBefore(newnode, refnode) |
| Node | Insert newnode before refnode in childNodes | previousSibling |
| Node | points to the previous sibling node. If this node is the first sibling node, then the value is null | nextSibling |
| Node | points to the next sibling node. If this node is the last sibling node, then the value is null | attributes |
| NamedNodeMap | Contains the attributes that represent an element Attr object, only used for Element nodes |
6.HTML DOM<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">任何基于XML的语言，如XHTML和SVG，因为它们遵循XML语法，所以可以使用上述的Node接口操作。然而很多语言会继续定义它们自己的DOM来扩展XML以提供特定功能。<br>开发XML DOM的同时，W3C还一起开发了针对XHTML(以及HTML)的DOM。这个DOM定义了一个HTMLDocument一个HTMLElement作为实现基础。每个HTML元素通过它自己的HTMLElement类型表示，如HTMLpElement代表了<p>元素。但有少数的除外。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 二、DOM通用节点对象操作1.DOM的通用属性<span style="color: #808080;">alinkColor 激活的链接的颜色，如<body alink="color">定义的<br>bgColor 页面的背景颜色，如<body bgcolor="color">定义的<br>fgColor 页面的文本颜色，如<body text="color">定义的<br>lastModified 最后修改页面的日期，是字符串<br>linkColor 链接的颜色，如<body link="color">定义的<br>referrer 浏览器当前页后退一个位置的url<br>title <title>标签中显示的文本<br>URL 当前页面的url<br>vlinkColor 访问过的链接的颜色，如<body vlink="color">定义的<br>* 这些属性是引用了<body>标签中的旧HTML特性，应该用样式表代替它们。</span> Copy after login 2.DOM的通用集合<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">ahchors 页面中所有锚的集合(由<a name="ahchorname></a>标签表示)<br>applets 页面中所有applet的集合<br>embeds 页面中所有嵌入式对象的集合(由<embed>标签表示)<br>forms 页面中所有表单的集合<br>images 页面中所有图像的集合<br>links 页面中所有链接的集合(由<a href="somewhere.htm"><a>表示</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 3.DOM通用节点操作document对象是BOM的一部分，同时也是HTML DOM的HTMLDocument对象的表现形式，即它也是XML DOM Document对象。 Copy after login 1查找节点<span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementById() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> 返回对拥有指定<span style="color: #808080;"> id <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">的第一个对象的引用。<br><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定名称的对象集合。<br><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByTagName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定标签名的对象集合。<br><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByClassName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定类名的对象集合。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>document操作元素</title></head><body>
<p class="outer">
<p class="inner">第一段文本</p>
<p class="inner">第二段文本</p>
</p>
<script>
var op = document.getElementsByClassName("outer")[0].getElementsByClassName("inner")[0].innerHTML;
</script></body></html>Copy after login 2创建节点<span style="color: #808080;">document.createAttribute(name) 创建属性名为name的属性节点。<br/>document.createElement() 创建标签名为tagName的元素。<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br/><span style="color: #808080;">document.createTextNode(text) 创建包含文本text的文本节点。<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br/><span style="color: #808080;">* 创建其它Node接口定义的节点没有太大用处。因为被更简便的操作替代。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 3添加节点<span style="color: #808080;">Element.appendChild(Node) 添加Node子元素。<br/>Element.insertBefore(newNode, oldNode) <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">在某个子节点对象前添加新节点。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 4删除节点<span style="color: #808080;">Element.removeChild(Node) 删除Node子元素。</span> Copy after login 5替换节点<span style="color: #808080;">Element.replacChild(newNode, oldNode) 替换子元素。</span> Copy after login <span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementById() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> 返回对拥有指定<span style="color: #808080;"> id <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">的第一个对象的引用。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定名称的对象集合。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByTagName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定标签名的对象集合。<br/><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;">document.getElementsByClassName() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回带有指定类名的对象集合。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 6.节点属性和方法<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">节点属性和方法包含DOM NOde接口定义的所有属性和方法。HTML DOM 还包括其它的一些属性和方法。详细参见http://www.w3school.com.cn/jsref/dom_obj_all.asp。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login <span style="color: #808080;">Element.tagName <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的标签名。 </span><br/>Element.cloneNode() 复制当前元素。<br/>Element.normalize() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">合并元素中相邻的文本节点，并移除空的文本节点。<br/></span>Element.parentNode <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的父节点。<br/></span>Element.ownerDocument <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的根元素（文档对象）。</span><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br/></span>nodelist.item() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回<span style="color: #808080;"> NodeList <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">中位于指定下标的节点。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">nodelist.length <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回<span style="color: #808080;"> NodeList <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">中的节点数。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br/></span>Element.toString() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">把元素转换为字符串。</span></span> Copy after login 4.DOM通用属性操作1.查找属性<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;">Element.attributes<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span>返回元素属性的<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Fira Code';"> NamedNodeMap<span style="color: #808080;">。</span></span><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br/></span></span></span></span>El</span></span></span></span></span></span>ement.hasAttribute() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">如果元素拥有指定属性，则返回<span style="color: #808080;">true<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">，否则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> false<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.hasAttributes() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">如果元素拥有属性，则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> true<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">，否则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> fals</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 2.获取属性<span style="color: #808080;">Element.<span style="color: #808080;">getAttribute</span>() 返回元素节点的指定属性值。<br/>Element.<span style="color: #808080;">getAttributeNode</span>() <span style="color: #808080;">返回指定的属性节点</span>。</span> Copy after login 3.设置属性<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;">Element.setAttribute() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">把指定属性设置或更改为指定值。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.setAttributeNode() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或更改指定属性节点。</span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 4.删除属性<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080;">Element.removeAttribute() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">从元素中移除指定属性。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.removeAttributeNode() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">移除指定的属性节点，并返回被移除的节点。</span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 5.getattr和setattr获取或设置属性除了hasAttribute、getAttributes、setAttributes、removeAttribute操作属性，一些属性也可以通过节点.属性的方式获取/设置属性。 Copy after login <span style="color: #808080;">Element.id <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> id<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br/></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>Element.style <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> style <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.innerHTML <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的内容。</span></span><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> <br/></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>Element.className <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> class <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性。<br/></span></span></span>Element.title <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> title <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">属性。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.textContent <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回节点及其后代的文本内容。</span></span> <br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.contentEditable <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的文本方向。<br/></span></span></span></span></span>Element.dir <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的内容是否可编辑。</span></span> <br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.accessKey <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的快捷键。<br/></span>Element.lang <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的语言代码。</span><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br/></span>Element.namespaceURI <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> namespace URI<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。<br/></span></span></span>Element.tabIndex <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的<span style="color: #808080;"> tab <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">键控制次序。</span></span></span></span> Copy after login <span style="color: #808080;">Element.clientHeight <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的可见高度。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.clientWidth <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的可见宽度。<span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><span style="color: #808080;"><span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"><br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.offsetWidth <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> 返回元素的宽度。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.offsetLeft <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';"> 返回元素的水平偏移位置。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.offsetParent <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的偏移容器。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.offsetTop <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的垂直偏移位置。<br/></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>Element.scrollHeight <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的整体高度。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.scrollLeft <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素左边缘与视图之间的距离。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.scrollTop <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素上边缘与视图之间的距离。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.scrollWidth <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">返回元素的整体宽度。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 6.检查元素<span style="color: #808080;">Element.isContentEditable <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">设置或返回元素的内容。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.isDefaultNamespace() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">如果指定的<span style="color: #808080;"> namespaceURI <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">是默认的，则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> true<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">，否则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> false<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.isEqualNode() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">检查两个元素是否相等。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.isSameNode() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">检查两个元素是否是相同的节点。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.compareDocumentPosition() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">比较两个元素的文档位置。<br/><span style="color: #808080;">Element.isSupported() <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">如果元素支持指定特性，则返回<span style="color: #808080;"> true<span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Menlo';">。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Copy after login 以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，更多相关内容请关注PHP中文网！ 相关推荐： |
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