MySQL binlog日志优化方案
Binlog 相关参数及优化策略 我们首先看看Binlog 的相关参数,通过执行如下命令可以获得关于Binlog 的相关参数。当然,其中也显示出了“ innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog”这个Innodb 存储引擎特有的与Binlog 相关的参数: mysql show variables like '%binlo
Binlog 相关参数及优化策略
我们首先看看Binlog 的相关参数,通过执行如下命令可以获得关于Binlog 的相关参数。当然,其中也显示出了“ innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog”这个Innodb 存储引擎特有的与Binlog 相关的参数:
mysql> show variables like '%binlog%';
+--------------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------+------------+
| binlog_cache_size | 1048576 |
| innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog | OFF |
| max_binlog_cache_size | 4294967295 |
| max_binlog_size | 1073741824 |
| sync_binlog | 0 |
+--------------------------------+------------+
“binlog_cache_size":在事务过程中容纳二进制日志SQL 语句的缓存大小。二进制日志缓存是服务器支持事务存储引擎并且服务器启用了二进制日志(—log-bin 选项)的前提下为每个客户端分配的内存,注意,是每个Client 都可以分配设置大小的binlog cache 空间。如果读者朋友的系统中经常会出现多语句事务的华,可以尝试增加该值的大小,以获得更好的性能。当然,我们可以通过MySQL 的以下两个状态变量来判断当前的binlog_cache_size 的状况:Binlog_cache_use
和Binlog_cache_disk_use。“max_binlog_cache_size”:和"binlog_cache_size"相对应,但是所代表的是binlog 能够使用的最大cache 内存大小。当我们执行多语句事务的时候,max_binlog_cache_size 如果不够大的话,系统可能会报出“ Multi-statement transaction required more than 'max_binlog_cache_size' bytes ofstorage”的错误。
“max_binlog_size”:Binlog 日志最大值,一般来说设置为512M 或者1G,但不能超过1G。该大小并不能非常严格控制Binlog 大小,尤其是当到达Binlog 比较靠近尾部而又遇到一个较大事务的时候,系统为了保证事务的完整性,不可能做切换日志的动作,只能将该事务的所有SQL 都记录进入当前日志,直到该事务结束。这一点和Oracle 的Redo 日志有点不一样,因为Oracle 的Redo 日志所记录的是数据文件的物理位置的变化,而且里面同时记录了Redo 和Undo 相关的信息,所以同一个事务是否在一个日志中对Oracle
来说并不关键。而MySQL 在Binlog 中所记录的是数据库逻辑变化信息,MySQL 称之为Event,实际上就是带来数据库变化的DML 之类的Query 语句。“sync_binlog”:这个参数是对于MySQL 系统来说是至关重要的,他不仅影响到Binlog 对MySQL 所带来的性能损耗,而且还影响到MySQL 中数据的完整性。对于“sync_binlog”参数的各种设置的说明如下:
● sync_binlog=0,当事务提交之后,MySQL 不做fsync 之类的磁盘同步指令刷新binlog_cache 中的信息到磁盘,而让Filesystem 自行决定什么时候来做同步,或者cache 满了之后才同步到磁盘。
● sync_binlog=n,当每进行n 次事务提交之后,MySQL 将进行一次fsync 之类的磁盘同步指令来将binlog_cache 中的数据强制写入磁盘。在MySQL 中系统默认的设置是sync_binlog=0,也就是不做任何强制性的磁盘刷新指令,这时候的性能是最好的,但是风险也是最大的。因为一旦系统Crash,在binlog_cache 中的所有binlog 信息都会被丢失。而当设置为“1”的时候,是最安全但是性能损耗最大的设置。因为当设置为1 的时候,即使系统Crash,也最多丢失binlog_cache
中未完成的一个事务,对实际数据没有任何实质性影响。从以往经验和相关测试来看,对于高并发事务的系统来说,“sync_binlog”设置为0 和设置为1 的系统写入性能差距可能高达5 倍甚至更多。

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