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MySQL 数据库常用命令用法

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Release: 2016-06-07 16:21:37
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在日常工作中,会简单的使用一下mysql,故对常见命令操作总结一下,常用方式如下 mysqldump 命令的使用: 备份和导出数据库 mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username -p --opt databasename backup-file.sql 只导出数据库表结构 mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u

   在日常工作中,会简单的使用一下mysql,故对常见命令操作总结一下,常用方式如下

  mysqldump 命令的使用:

  备份和导出数据库

  mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username -p --opt databasename > backup-file.sql

  只导出数据库表结构

  mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u Username -p databasename >database_structure.sql

  只导出数据库中的某个表

  mysqldump --opt --add-drop-table -u Username -p databasename tablename > dump.sql

  如果不想手工输入密码 请使用--password 参数

  mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username --password=123456 --opt databasename > backup-file.sql

  mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u Username --password=123456 databasename >database_structure.sql

  mysql 命令使用:

  将查询结果保存到文件

  select title from book into outfile '/tmp/outfile.txt';

  查找表中多余的重复记录,,重复记录是根据某个字段(peopleId)来判断

  select * from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by

  peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1);

  查询表中不重复记录(排除重复记录)

  select * from phome_ecms_wma where title in (select distinct title from phome_ecms_wma);

  删除表中重复记录,重复记录是根据某个字段(title)来判断

  select *,count(distinct title) INTO OUTFILE '/tmp/table.bak' from phome_ecms_wma group by title;

  delete from phome_ecms_wma;

  LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/table.bak' REPLACE INTO TABLE phome_ecms_wma character set utf8;

  查询数据库当前编码

  mysql> show variables like "character_set%";

  修改表字段类型

  mysql> alter table table_name change last_action last_action datetime NOT NULL default '0000-00-00 00:00:00';

  给表添加一个新字段

  mysql> ALTER TABLE host ADD ks_mac VARCHAR(100);

  从表中删除一个字段

  mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name DROP field_name;

  重命名表

  mysql>alter table t1 rename t2;

  给字段加索引

  mysql> alter table tablename add index 索引名 (字段名1[,字段名2 …]);

  mysql> alter table tablename add index emp_name (name);

  加主关键字的索引

  mysql> alter table tablename add primary key(id);

  加唯一限制条件的索引

  mysql> alter table tablename add unique emp_name2(cardnumber);

  删除某个索引

  mysql>alter table tablename drop index emp_name;

  远程访问mysql 设置

  mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database_test.* to root@192.168.1.9 IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

  mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

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