Detailed explanation of MySQL date functions

As a free relational database from Kaiyuan, Mysql has a very large user base. This article lists the commonly used date functions and date conversion formatting functions in MYSQL. I hope it can help everyone.

1、DAYOFWEEK(date)

SELECT DAYOFWEEK(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT DAYOFWEEK(‘2016-01-16 00:00:00')

-> 7 (表示，记住：星期天=1，星期一=2， ... 星期六=7)

2、WEEKDAY (date)

SELECT WEEKDAY(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT WEEKDAY(‘2016-01-16 00:00:00')

-> 5 (表示返回date是在一周中的序号，西方日历中通常一周的开始是星期天，并且以0开始计数，所以，记住：0=星期一，1=星期二， ... 5=星期六)

3、DAYOFMONTH(date)

SELECT DAYOFMONTH(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT DAYOFMONTH(‘2016-01-16 00:00:00')

-> 16 (表示返回date是当月的第几天，1号就返回1，... ,31号就返回31)

4、DAYOFYEAR(date)

SELECT DAYOFYEAR(‘2016-03-31') 
SELECT DAYOFYEAR(‘2016-03-31 00:00:00')

-> 91 (表示返回date是当年的第几天，01.01返回1，... ,12.31就返回365)

5、MONTH(date)

SELECT MONTH(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT MONTH(‘2016-01-16 00:00:00')

-> 1 (表示返回date是当年的第几月，1月就返回1，... ,12月就返回12)

6.DAYNAME(date)

##

SELECT DAYNAME(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT DAYNAME(‘2016-01-16 00:00:00')

-> Saturday (表示返回date是周几的英文全称名字)

7.MONTHNAME(date)

##

SELECT MONTHNAME(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT MONTHNAME(‘2016-01-16 00:00:00')

-> January (表示返回date的是当年第几月的英文名字)

SELECT QUARTER(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT QUARTER(‘2016-01-16 00:00:00')

-> 1 (表示返回date的是当年的第几个季度，返回1,2,3,4)

SELECT WEEK(‘2016-01-03') 
SELECT WEEK(‘2016-01-03', 0) 
SELECT WEEK(‘2016-01-03', 1)

-> 1 (该函数返回date在一年当中的第几周，date(01.03)是周日，默认是以为周日作为一周的第一天，函数在此处返回1可以有两种理解：1、第一周返回0，第二周返回1，.... ,2、以当年的完整周开始计数，第一周返回1，第二周返回2，... ，最后一周返回53)
-> 1 (week()默认index就是0. 所以结果同上)
-> 0 (当index为1时，表示一周的第一天是周一，所以，4号周一才是第二周的开始日)

SELECT YEAR(‘70-01-16') 
SELECT YEAR(‘2070-01-16') 
SELECT YEAR(‘69-01-16 00:00:00')

-> 1970 (表示返回date的4位数年份)
-> 2070 
-> 1969

SELECT HOUR(‘11:22:33') 
SELECT HOUR(‘2016-01-16 11:22:33')

-> 11
-> 11

SELECT MINUTE(‘11:22:33') 
SELECT MINUTE(‘2016-01-16 11:44:33')

-> 22
-> 44

SELECT SECOND(‘11:22:33') 
SELECT SECOND(‘2016-01-16 11:44:22')

-> 33
-> 22

SELECT PERIOD_ADD(1601,2) 
SELECT PERIOD_ADD(191602,3) 
SELECT PERIOD_ADD(191602,-3)

-> 201603
-> 191605
-> 191511

SELECT PERIOD_DIFF(1601,1603) 
SELECT PERIOD_DIFF(191602,191607) 
SELECT PERIOD_DIFF(1916-02,1916-07) 
SELECT PERIOD_DIFF(1602,9002)

-> -2
-> -5
-> 5
-> 312

This function returns monthStart - monthEnd The number of months between intervals

16, DATE_ADD(date, INTERVAL number type), the same as ADDDATE()

SELECT DATE_ADD(“2015-12-31 23:59:59”,INTERVAL 1 SECOND) 
SELECT DATE_ADD(“2015-12-31 23:59:59”,INTERVAL 1 DAY) 
SELECT DATE_ADD(“2015-12-31 23:59:59”,INTERVAL “1:1” MINUTE_SECOND) 
SELECT DATE_ADD(“2016-01-01 00:00:00”,INTERVAL “-1 10” DAY_HOUR)

-> 2016-01-01 00:00:00
-> 2016-01-01 23:59:59
-> 2016-01-01 00:01:00
-> 2015-12-30 14:00:00

DATE_ADD() and ADDDATE() return the results of date operations

SECOND seconds SECONDS

HOUR time HOURS
DAY days DAYS
MONTH months MONTHS
YEAR years YEARS
MINUTE_SECOND minutes and Seconds"MINUTES:SECONDS"
HOUR_MINUTE Hours and minutes "HOURS:MINUTES"
DAY_HOUR Days and hours "DAYS HOURS"
YEAR_MONTH Years and months "YEARS-MONTHS"
HOUR_SECOND Hours, minutes, " HOURS:MINUTES:SECONDS"
DAY_MINUTE days, hours, minutes"DAYS HOURS:MINUTES"
DAY_SECOND days, hours, minutes, seconds"DAYS HOURS:MINUTES:SECONDS"


3 , In addition, if you do not use a function, you can also consider using the operators "+" and "-". The examples are as follows:

##

SELECT “2016-01-01” - INTERVAL 1 SECOND 
SELECT “2016-01-01” - INTERVAL 1 DAY 
SELECT ‘2016-12-31 23:59:59' + INTERVAL 1 SECOND 
SELECT ‘2016-12-31 23:59:59' + INTERVAL “1:1” MINUTE_SECOND

-> 2015-12-31 23:59:59
-> 2015-12-31
-> 2017-01-01 00:00:00
-> 2017-01-01 00:01:00

17. DATE_SUB(date, INTERVAL number type), same as SUBDATE()

Usage is similar to DATE_ADD() and ADDDATE(), One is addition and the other is subtraction. Please refer to 16 points for the usage. Please refer to DATE_ADD() and ADDDATE() for specific usage.

18、TO_DAYS(date)

SELECT TO_DAYS(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT TO_DAYS(‘20160116') 
SELECT TO_DAYS(‘160116')

-> 736344
-> 736344
-> 736344

SELECT FROM_DAYS(367)

-> 0001-01-02

##

SELECT DATE_FORMAT(‘2016-01-16 22:23:00','%W %M %Y') 
SELECT DATE_FORMAT(‘2016-01-16 22:23:00','%D %y %a %d %m %b %j') 
SELECT DATE_FORMAT(‘2016-01-16 22:23:00','%H %k %I %r %T %S %w') 
SELECT DATE_FORMAT(‘2016-01-16 22:23:00','%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s')

-> Saturday January 2016
-> 16th 16 Sat 16 01 Jan 016
-> 22 22 10 10:23:00 PM 22:23:00 00 6
-> 2016-01-16 22:23:00

%M 月名字(January……December)
%W 星期名字(Sunday……Saturday)
%D 有英语前缀的月份的日期(1st, 2nd, 3rd, 等等。）
%Y 年, 数字, 4 位
%y 年, 数字, 2 位
%a 缩写的星期名字(Sun……Sat)
%d 月份中的天数, 数字(00……31)
%e 月份中的天数, 数字(0……31)
%m 月, 数字(01……12)
%c 月, 数字(1……12)
%b 缩写的月份名字(Jan……Dec)
%j 一年中的天数(001……366)
%H 小时(00……23)
%k 小时(0……23)
%h 小时(01……12)
%I 小时(01……12)
%l 小时(1……12)
%i 分钟, 数字(00……59)
%r 时间,12 小时(hh:mm:ss [AP]M)
%T 时间,24 小时(hh:mm:ss)
%S 秒(00……59)
%s 秒(00……59)
%p AM或PM
%w 一个星期中的天数(0=Sunday ……6=Saturday ）
%U 星期(0……52), 这里星期天是星期的第一天
%u 星期(0……52), 这里星期一是星期的第一天
%% 字符% )

TIME_FORMAT(time,format)：
具体用法和DATE_FORMAT()类似,但TIME_FORMAT只处理小时、分钟和秒(其余符号产生一个NULL值或0)

21、获取系统当前日期

SELECT CURDATE() 
SELECT CURRENT_DATE()

-> 2016-01-16
-> 2016-01-16

22、获取系统当前时间

SELECT CURTIME() 
SELECT CURRENT_TIME()

-> 17:44:22
-> 17:44:22

23、NOW()，SYSDATE()，CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()，LOCALTIME()：获取系统当前日期和时间

SELECT NOW() 
SELECT SYSDATE() 
SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP() 
SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP 
SELECT LOCALTIME() 
SELECT LOCALTIME

-> 2016-01-16 17:44:41
-> 2016-01-16 17:44:41
-> 2016-01-16 17:44:41
-> 2016-01-16 17:44:41
-> 2016-01-16 17:44:41
-> 2016-01-16 17:44:41

24、UNIX_TIMESTAMP（date）：获取时间戳

SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP() 
SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP(‘2016-01-16') 
SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP(‘2016-01-16 23:59:59')

-> 1452937627
-> 1452873600
-> 1452959999

25、FROM_UNIXTIME(unix_timestamp,format)：把时间戳转化成日期时间

SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1452959999) 
SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1452959999,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s')

-> 2016-01-16 23:59:59
-> 2016-01-16 23:59:59

26、SEC_TO_TIME(seconds)：把秒数转化成时间

SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(2378)

-> 00:39:38

27、TIME_TO_SEC(time)：把时间转化成秒数

SELECT TIME_TO_SEC(‘22:23:00')

-> 2378

28、ADDTIME(time，times)：把times加到time上

SELECT ADDTIME(“2015-12-31 23:59:59”,'01:01:01')

-> 2016-01-01 01:01:00

29、CONVERT_TZ(date,from_tz ,to_tz )：转换时区

SELECT CONVERT_TZ(‘2004-01-01 12:00:00','+00:00','+10:00')

-> 2004-01-01 22:00:00

30、STR_TO_DATE(date，format )：将字符串转成format格式的日期时间

SELECT STR_TO_DATE(‘2015-01-01', ‘%Y-%m-%d')

-> 2015-01-01

31、LAST_DAY(date )：获取date当月最后一天的日期

SELECT LAST_DAY(SYSDATE()) 
SELECT LAST_DAY(‘2015-02-02') 
SELECT LAST_DAY(‘2015-02-02 00:22:33')

-> 2016-01-31
-> 2015-02-28
-> 2015-02-28

32、MAKEDATE(year ,dayofyear )：根据参数（年份，第多少天）获取日期

SELECT MAKEDATE(2015 ,32)

-> 2015-02-01

33、 MAKETIME(hour ,minute ,second )：根据参数（时，分，秒）获取时间

SELECT MAKETIME(12 ,23 ,34 )

-> 12:23:34

34、YEARWEEK(date)：获取日期的年和周

SELECT YEARWEEK(SYSDATE()) 
SELECT YEARWEEK(‘2015-01-10') 
SELECT YEARWEEK(‘2015-01-10',1)

-> 201602
-> 201501
-> 201502

35、WEEKOFYEAR(date)：获取当日是当年的第几周

SELECT WEEKOFYEAR(SYSDATE()) 
SELECT WEEKOFYEAR(‘2015-01-10')

-> 2
-> 2

-> 2
-> 2

mysql中常用的几种时间格式转换函数整理如下

1，from_unixtime(timestamp, format)：

timestamp为int型时间，如14290450779；format为转换的格式，包含格式如下：

%M Month name (January...December)
%W Week name (Sunday...Saturday)
%D Day of the month with English prefix (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.)
%Y Year, number, 4 digits
%y Year, number, 2 digits
%a Abbreviated name of the week (Sun...Sat)
%d Number of days in the month, number (00… …31)
%e Number of days in the month, number (0...31)
%m Month, number (01...12)
%c Month, number (1...12)
%b Abbreviated month name (Jan...Dec)
%j Number of days in a year (001...366)
%H hours (00...23)
%k hours (0... …23)
%h hour (01…12)
%I hour (01…12)
%l hour (1…12)
%i minute, number (00… …59)
%r Time, 12 hours (hh:mm:ss [AP]M)
%T Time, 24 hours (hh:mm:ss)
%S seconds (00……59 )
%s Seconds (00...59)
%p AM or PM
%w Number of days in a week (0=Sunday...6=Saturday)
%U Week (0... …52), here Sunday is the first day of the week
%u week (0...52), here Monday is the first day of the week

2, unix_timestamp(date):

The function is exactly the opposite of from_unixtime(). The former converts the unix timestamp into a readable time, while unix_timestamp() converts the readable time into a unix timestamp. This is useful for datetime storage. It is used when sorting by time. For example, unix_timestamp('2009-08-06 10:10:40'), you get 1249524739.

If unix_timestamp() does not pass parameters, call the now() function to automatically get the current time.

3, date_format(date, format):

date_format() converts date or datetime type values ​​into any time format. For example, in a common application scenario, a table has a field that is the update time and stores the datetime type. However, when displayed in the frontend, it only needs to display the year, month and day (xxxx-xx-xx). In this case, you can use date_format(date,'% Y-%m-%d ') processing without the need to use program loop processing in the result set.

Related recommendations:

Commonly used mysql date functions

mysql date and time types

php mysql date operation function_PHP tutorial

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