MYSQL的分区字段,必须包含在主键字段内_MySQL
bitsCN.com
MYSQL的分区字段,必须包含在主键字段内
MYSQL的分区字段,必须包含在主键字段内
在对表进行分区时,如果分区字段没有包含在主键字段内,如表A的主键为ID,分区字段为createtime ,按时间范围分区,代码如下:
CREATE TABLE T1 (
id int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
createtime datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN MAXVALUE);
错误提示:#1503
A PRIMARY KEY MUST INCLUDE ALL COLUMNS IN THE TABLE'S PARTITIONING FUNCTION
MySQL主键的限制,每一个分区表中的公式中的列,必须在主键/unique key 中包括
在MYSQL的官方文档里是这么说明的
18.5.1. Partitioning Keys, Primary Keys, and Unique Keys
This section discusses the relationship of partitioning keys with primary keys and unique keys. The rule governing this relationship can be expressed as follows: All columns used in the partitioning expression for a partitioned table must be part of every unique key that the table may have.
In other words,every unique key on the table must use every columnin the table's partitioning expression. (This also includes the table's primary key, since it is by definition a unique key. This particular case is discussed later in this section.) For example, each of the following table creation statements is invalid:
分区字段必须包含在主键字段内,至于为什么MYSQL会这样考虑,CSDN的斑竹是这么解释的:
为了确保主键的效率。否则同一主键区的东西一个在A分区,一个在B分区,显然会比较麻烦。
下面讨论解决办法,毕竟在一张表里,日期做主键的还是不常见。
方法1:
顺应MYSQL的要求,就把分区字段加入到主键中,组成复合主键
CREATE TABLE T1 (
id int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
createtime datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id,createtime)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN MAXVALUE);
测试通过,分区成功。
方法2:
既然MYSQL要把分区字段包含在主键内才能创建分区,那么在创建表的时候,先不指定主键字段,是否可以呢??
测试如下:
CREATE TABLE T1 (
id int(8) NOT NULL ,
createtime datetime NOT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN MAXVALUE);
测试通过,分区成功。OK
继续添加上主键
alter table t1 add PRIMARY KEY(ID)
错误1503,和前面一样的错误。
alter table t1 add PRIMARY KEY(ID,createtime)
创建主键成功,但还是复合主键,看来是没办法了,必须听指挥了。
主键创建成功,把ID加上自增字段设置
alter table t1 change id id int not null auto_increment;
alter table t1 auto_increment=1;
最后结论,MYSQL的分区字段,必须包含在主键字段内。
bitsCN.com

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











Full table scanning may be faster in MySQL than using indexes. Specific cases include: 1) the data volume is small; 2) when the query returns a large amount of data; 3) when the index column is not highly selective; 4) when the complex query. By analyzing query plans, optimizing indexes, avoiding over-index and regularly maintaining tables, you can make the best choices in practical applications.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

MySQL is suitable for beginners because it is simple to install, powerful and easy to manage data. 1. Simple installation and configuration, suitable for a variety of operating systems. 2. Support basic operations such as creating databases and tables, inserting, querying, updating and deleting data. 3. Provide advanced functions such as JOIN operations and subqueries. 4. Performance can be improved through indexing, query optimization and table partitioning. 5. Support backup, recovery and security measures to ensure data security and consistency.

The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

InnoDB uses redologs and undologs to ensure data consistency and reliability. 1.redologs record data page modification to ensure crash recovery and transaction persistence. 2.undologs records the original data value and supports transaction rollback and MVCC.

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.
