详解WordPress中简码格式标签编写的基本方法，-php手册-php.cn

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详解WordPress中简码格式标签编写的基本方法，

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详解WordPress中简码格式标签编写的基本方法，

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Jun 13, 2016 am 08:49 AM

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详解WordPress中简码格式标签编写的基本方法，

WordPress 简码是一种类似于论坛标签的东西，格式类似于把尖括号换成中括号的 Html 标签。简码很多人叫做短代码，但官方的翻译应该是简码，在这里纠正一下。

简码的开发的逻辑比较简单，主要就是添加、删除和判断，会在本文全部介绍。

简码格式

简码的格式非常灵活，可以是有属性、无属性、闭合、非闭合等等：

[example]

[example]内容[/example]

[example attr="属性" attr-hide="1"]内容[/example]

[example "属性"]

添加简码

添加简码需要使用 add_shortcode() 函数，两个属性，第一个为简码名，第二个是简码的回调函数。

add_shortcode( $tag, $func );

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例如添加名为 test 的简码，回调 Bing_shortcode_test() 函数：

function Bing_shortcode_test( $attr, $content ){
  return 'Hello World!';
}
add_shortcode( 'test', 'Bing_shortcode_test' );

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在文章中添加 [test] 就会输出 “Hello World!”。

从上边的例子可以看到，简码的回调函数需要接收两个参数。第一个是简码所有的属性，通过数组储存；第二个是简码的内容（闭合简码中的内容）。

移除简码

remove_shortcode() 函数可以移除一个简码，只需要指定简码的名称即可移除。

remove_shortcode( 'test' );

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remove_all_shortcodes() 函数用来移除当前添加的所有简码。

remove_all_shortcodes();

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判断简码

关于判断简码，有两个函数，shortcode_exists() 函数判断简码是否存在。

remove_all_shortcodes();
if( shortcode_exists( 'test' ) ) echo '简码 test 存在';//False
add_shortcode( 'test', 'Bing_shortcode_test' );
if( shortcode_exists( 'test' ) ) echo '简码 test 存在';//True

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还有一个 has_shortcode() 函数，判断字符串中是否出现某某简码。

$content = '测试测试测试测试测试测试测试测试';
if( has_shortcode( $content, 'test' ) ) echo '字符串中有 test 简码';//False
$content = '测试测试测试测[test]测试[/test]试测试测试测试测试';
if( has_shortcode( $content, 'test' ) ) echo '字符串中有 test 简码';//True

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执行简码

do_shortcode() 函数用来在字符串中查找简码，并在简码处调用之前添加的回调函数，把简码执行成需要的内容。

WordPress 添加的钩子：

add_filter( 'the_content', 'do_shortcode', 11 );

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例子：

function Bing_shortcode_test( $attr, $content ){
  return 'Hello World!';
}
add_shortcode( 'test', 'Bing_shortcode_test' );
$content = '测试测试测试测[test]试测试测试测试测试';
echo do_shortcode( $content );//测试测试测试测Hello World!试测试测试测试测试

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简码属性

简码支持各种格式的属性，接受给简码回调函数的第一个参数。如果你要给参数设置默认值，可以使用 shortcode_atts() 函数：

function Bing_shortcode_test( $attr, $content ){
  extract( shortcode_atts( array(
    'url' => 'http://www.bgbk.org',
    'hide' => false,
    'text' => '点击隐藏 / 显示'
  ), $attr ) );
  $hide = $hide &#63; ' style="display:none;"' : '';
  return '<a href="' . $url . '"' . $hide . '>' . $text . '</a>';
}
add_shortcode( 'test', 'Bing_shortcode_test' );

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只有页面中使用了简码的时候才加载脚本
而在开发的过程中，有时会遇到这种问题：简码模块需要加载 JS 或者 CSS 脚本，而当页面没有使用简码的时候就会造成资源浪费。

比如下边的这个 Google 地图插件：

//添加简码
function Bing_add_google_map( $atts, $content ){
  //content...
}
add_shortcode( 'google_map', 'Bing_add_google_map');
 
//挂载脚本
function Bing_add_javascript(){
  wp_enqueue_script( 'map_scripts' );
}
add_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'Bing_add_javascript' );

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只有在页面中使用了 [google_map] 简码的时候才需要加载脚本，这怎么做到呢？

其实很简单，只需要在简码函数触发的时候在页脚挂载脚本即可。

//添加简码
function Bing_add_google_map( $atts, $content ){
  $GLOBALS['google_map_shortcode'] = true;
  return '地图的代码';
}
add_shortcode( 'google_map', 'Bing_add_google_map');
 
//挂载脚本
function Bing_add_javascript(){
  global $google_map_shortcode;
  if( isset( $google_map_shortcode ) && $google_map_shortcode ) wp_enqueue_script( 'map_scripts' );
}
add_action( 'wp_footer', 'Bing_add_javascript' );

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总结

简码是个非常强大的功能，对文章内容是一种很好的扩展，利用好可以让添加某些东西变的方便快捷。

关于简码的函数都在：wp-includes/shortcode.php 文件里，有能力的朋友可以阅读一下，了解原理。

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