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Detailed explanation of precautions for using PHP curl function to send Post requests
Detailed explanation of precautions for using PHP curl function to send Post requests
Preface
I encountered a requirement at work a few days ago. When the user clicks a certain button, a post request is initiated to me in the background, and I accept the passed data. At first, my colleague sent it using the
http_request()
method encapsulated publicly in the company framework. The code is as follows:
public function http_request( $url, $post = '', $timeout = 5 ){
if( empty( $url ) ){
return ;
}
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE);
if( $post != '' && !empty( $post ) ){
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-Type: application/json', 'Content-Length: ' . strlen($post)));
}
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, $timeout);
$result = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return $result;
}At first, I didn’t notice that the data passed was
application/json
Encoded json string, I directly use the data method that accepts the
application/x-www-form-urlencoded
encoding format to get the passed data in the background (that is, directly using the
$_POST
method), Of course, nothing was obtained. Later, my colleague directly changed the
http_request()
method and directly passed the data in the
application/x-www-form-urlencoded
encoding format. I did not make any changes.
Regarding the above question, I have always wondered why I didn’t get the data passed at that time.
The project is basically completed today, and the following has been studied. When the
curl()
function in
makes a post request, the format of the data can be passed in the following ways:
(1): Spliced by parameters The resulting
key=>value
key-value pair string. The format is as follows:
name=xxx&age=23$sex=1
This request parameter is encoded according to
application/x-www-form-urlencoded
by default.
(2): An array of
key=>value
key-value pairs composed of parameters (can only be a one-dimensional array, higher-dimensional arrays will report an error).
The format is as follows:
[ name="xxx" , age = 23 , sex = 男 ]
This request parameter is encoded according to the
multipart/form-data
format by default.
As mentioned above,
curl()
When making a post request, only one-dimensional arrays can be passed as parameters. So what should be done if you want to pass multi-dimensional arrays?
There are two ways to deal with it, namely method 3 and method 4 below.
(3): Process the multi-dimensional array
http_build_query()
and wait for a string in key=>value key-value pair format.
As shown below:
$data = [
"msg"=>"这是一条测试数据",
"xxx" => "yyyy",
"msg_data" => [
"name"=>"sunms",
"age"=>23,
"sex"=>"男",
"content"=>[
1,2,3
]
],
];
will get the following string:
msg=这是一条测试数据&xxx=yyyy&msg_data[name]=sunms&msg_data[age]=23&msg_data[sex]=男&msg_data[content][0]=1&msg_data[content][1]=2&msg_data[content][2]=3
This method is also encoded through the
application/x-www-form-urlencoded进
line, and can be obtained directly through $_POST on the receiving side.
(4): Convert the multi-dimensional array into a string in json format, encode the string in
application/json
format, and pass
file_get_contents(“php://input”)
or
on the receiving side$GLOBALS[‘HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA']
method to obtain the passed json format string, and then convert the json format string into an array for processing.
$data = [];
$data_string = json_encode($data);
.....
//设置header信息
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array(
'Content-Type: application/json',
'Content-Length: ' . strlen($data_string))
);
Note: For data encoded in the
application/json
format,
$_POST
cannot be obtained directly. It needs to be obtained through
file_get_contents(“php://input”)
or
$GLOBALS[‘HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA']
.
Summary
The above is a detailed explanation of the precautions for using the curl function to send Post requests in PHP. For more related content, please pay attention to the PHP Chinese website (www.php.cn)!
Related articles:
The url parameter problem when php uses curl to initiate a get request
Using curl to send requests (GET requests and POST requests) in PHP
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