Ajax technical composition and core principles explained-PHP Tutorial-php.cn

Ajax technical composition and core principles explained

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Release： 2023-03-19 13:38:02

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This article mainly introduces function throttling (throttle) and function debounce (debounce) of JavaScript performance optimization. Interested friends can refer to it. I hope it can help everyone.

1. Ajax
Features: Partial refresh, improve user experience, data is loaded from the server provider

2. The technical composition of AJax
is not a new technology, but the integration of previous technologies
Ajax: Asynchronous Javascript And Xml; (asynchronous JavaScript and XML)
Included technologies : JavaScript, XML, CSS, XMLHttpRequest
Asynchronous: After sending the request, it will be processed by the callback function without waiting for the result.
JavaScript: Send a request to the server, obtain the return result, and update the page
XML: Used to encapsulate data

##3. Ajax core principle
XMLHttpRequst object : Send a request to the server through this object. It is an asynchronous request technology, supported by all modern browsers (Chrome, IE5+)

1) Create XMLHttpReuest object
Non-IE browsers (Mozilla/Safari) ：var xhr=new XMLHttpRequest();IE:xhr=new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
Lower version IE:xhr=new ActiveXObject("Microsfot.XMLHTTP");

2) Properties and methods of XMLHttpRequest object
a) Method: open("GET/POST", URL, true/false): used to establish a connection to the server There are three parameters:
Parameter 1: Submission method, post or get
Parameter 2: Requested URL
Parameter 3: Indicates synchronous or asynchronous request, true: indicates asynchronous request
false: Indicates synchronous request
send(data) :Send request
Parameters: Submitted content.
POST method: data is the submitted parameter, send(username=root&password=abc123);
GET method: send(null)

b) Attribute:

onreadystatechange: setting The callback function when the status changes. The callback function is used to obtain server data.
onreadystatechange=function(){　　　
｝

readyState: Server status response

Status code:
0: Not initialized 1: Loading
2: Loading completed
3: Request in progress
4: Request completed

responseText: Data returned by the server (text format)

responseXML: Data returned by the server (XML format)

Summary: Steps to use XMLHttpRequest:
1) Create XMLHttpRequest object
2) Set the request method and URL
xhr. open("GET/POST","url",true/false), true represents an asynchronous request, false represents a synchronous request
3) Set the callback function when the state changes
xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){}
0: Not initialized
1: Loading
2: Loading completed
3: Request in progress
4: Request completed
4) Send request
xhr.send( data),
If submitted for post, data is the submitted data. If submitted for get, the parameter can be null.

Determine the HTML page the user logged in:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
  用户名：<input type="text" name="username" id="username"><br>
  密码:<input type="password" name="password" id="password">
  <a href="javascript:chkUser();">登录</a>
  <p id="res"></p>
</body>

<script type="text/javascript">
  var xhr;
  /**
  * 创建XMLHttpRequest对象
  */
 function createXMLHttpRequest(){
  //1、创建XMLHttpRequest对象
    if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
      //非IE内核浏览器
     xhr=new XMLHttpRequest(); 
    }else{
      //IE浏览器
      try{
        xhr=new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); 
      }catch(e){
       //IE低版本
        xhr=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); 
      }
    }
 }
  
  /**
  * 发送请求，用来检查用户名、密码是否正确
  */
  function chkUser(){
    
    //1、创建XMLHttpRequest
    createXMLHttpRequest();
    
    //2、获得用户名、密码
    var username=document.getElementById("username").value;
    var password=document.getElementById("password").value;
    
    //3、与服务器建立连接：open
    var url="login?username="+username+"&password="+password;
    //方式1：get提交
    //xhr.open("GET",url,true);
    
    //方式2：post提交
    var url2="login";
    xhr.open("POST",url2,true);
    
    
    //4、设置回调函数，获得服务器响应的数据
    xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
      /*
      readyState状态码：
      0：未初始化
      1：正在加载
      2：加载完成
      3：请求进行中
      4：请求完成
      */
      if(xhr.readyState==4){
        //status,200表示响应正常
        if(xhr.status==200){
         //alert("从服务器返回的值为："+xhr.responseText);
         var res=xhr.responseText;
         if(res==&#39;0&#39;){
           document.getElementById("res").innerHTML="登录成功";
         }else{
           document.getElementById("res").innerHTML="<font color=&#39;red&#39;>登录失败</font>";
         }
         
        }else{
          alert("出现在了异常:"+xhr.response.Text);
        }
        
      }
    }
    //5、发送请求
    //方式1：get方式
    //xhr.send(null);
    
    //方式2:post方式：
    //Post提交需要设置http请求头
    xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    xhr.send("username="+username+"&password="+password);
    
    
  }
 
</script>

</html>

Copy after login

Server code:

package com.newer.login.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.newer.login.bean.User;
import com.newer.login.service.UserService;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class LoginServlet
 */
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

  UserService userService = new UserService();

  /**
   * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
   *   response)
   */
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    doPost(request,response);
  
  }

  /**
   * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
   *   response)
   */
  protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    // 1、获得页面参数
    String username = request.getParameter("username");
    String password = request.getParameter("password");

    System.out.println("获得请求的参数username:"+username);
    System.out.println("获得请求的参数password:"+password);    
    // 2、封装User对象
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername(username);
    user.setPassword(password);

    // 3、调用服务类，完成用户名、密码的校验
    User u = userService.login(user);

    /*
     * 传统方式 if(u!=null){ //表示登录成功 request.setAttribute("user", user);
     * //跳转至首页... }else{ //登录失败，跳转登录页面
     * 
     * }
     */
    // ajax响应

    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

    if (u != null) {
      //0成功，1失败
      out.print(0);
    }else{
      out.print(1);
    }
    out.close();
  }
}

Copy after login

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