Coupled design pattern in PHP
This article mainly introduces the coupling design pattern for implementing PHP. It has a certain reference value. Now I share it with you. Friends in need can refer to it.
A software that has many Classes need to call each other. Once a class has a tightly coupled relationship with another class, the reusability of the software will be greatly reduced. Therefore, the reusability of a software depends on its degree of coupling.
Coupling degree: the degree of association and dependence between program modules.
During the design process, it was proposed: When designing the architecture of this software, it was discovered that the logical operation part (SimpleRouter class) and the output part (SimpleRouterFrame class) of this software cannot be well combined. That is: we have to pass the reference to the program interface (reference to SimpleRouterFrame) layer by layer to the core part of the program to provide the output function.
During the development process, it was proposed: When we make some modifications to the output interface (SimpleRouterFrame class), especially after the names of some methods are modified, the code in the core part of the corresponding program (SimpleRouter class) also needs to be modified. to adapt to this new output interface.
Cause of the problem: The coupling between classes is too tight, so that every time a class needs to be modified, its corresponding associated class needs to modify the code to adapt to the modified class. For example: a certain class A needs to directly call the public method of another class B. Once B no longer supports this method, or rewrites the method name, A will need to rewrite the code to adapt. Another situation: A certain class A needs to use a class B with a specific method, but the form of B is uncertain. Once the internal structure of B changes, A may need to rewrite the code.
To avoid this situation, it is necessary to reduce the coupling between A and B. Regardless of the form, as long as B can still achieve the functions required by A, A does not need to rewrite the code. Solution: Let B implements a certain interface I and defines I.Method(); at the same time, A can directly call I's method when calling B's method; in the past, B would be passed to A as a parameter, and then A would call B's method. Place
1 { 2 A.AMethod(B b ) { 3 b.BMethod(); 4 /*….*/ 5 } 6 }
is modified to:
1 { 2 A.AMethod(I i ) { 3 i.Method(); 4 } 5 }
Here, B only needs to implement the I.Method() method, completely hiding the implementation details. According to this method, loose coupling between classes is achieved and the reusability of classes is greatly enhanced. Looking back at the design patterns we have learned before, we can find that they are similar to the Observer pattern.
下面是一个完整的例子:
001 <?php 002 interface Calculation { 003 function compute($a, $b); 004 } 005 006 class Addition implements Calculation { 007 function compute($a, $b) 008 { 009 return "加法运算结果为:".($a+$b); 010 } 011 } 012 013 class Subtraction implements Calculation { 014 function compute($a, $b) 015 { 016 return "减法运算结果为:".($a-$b); 017 } 018 } 019 020 class Multiplication implements Calculation { 021 function compute($a, $b) 022 { 023 return "乘法运算结果为:".($a*$b); 024 } 025 } 026 027 class pision implements Calculation{ 028 function compute($a, $b) 029 { 030 return "除法运算结果为:".($a/$b); 031 } 032 } 033 034 class Modf implements Calculation { 035 function compute($a, $b) 036 { 037 return "取模运算结果为:".($a % $b); 038 } 039 } 040 041 class Coupling implements Calculation { 042 //这里直接:public $varl = new LazyDog(); 会出错。 043 public $varl = null; 044 045 function __construct() 046 { 047 $this->varl = new LazyDog(); 048 } 049 050 function compute($a, $b) 051 { 052 return $this->varl->say(); 053 } 054 } 055 056 /*也可以用继承的方式实现哟: 057 class Coupling extends LazyDog implements Calculation { 058 function compute($a, $b) 059 { 060 return parent::say(); 061 } 062 } 063 */ 064 065 class LazyDog { 066 function say() 067 { 068 return "我什么运算都不做...只是为了实现'耦合设计模式'...我是出来打酱油的......"; 069 } 070 } 071 072 class Test { 073 private $one; 074 private $two; 075 public function __construct($x,$y) 076 { 077 $this->one=$x; 078 $this->two=$y; 079 echo "Class Test 初始化:属性\$one=".$this->one.",属性\$two=".$this->two."<h />"; 080 } 081 function display(Calculation $a){ 082 return "用PHP接口技术实现的运算:".$a->compute($this->one,$this->two)."<hr/>"; 083 } 084 } 085 086 $t = new Test(96,12); 087 $t1 = new Addition(); 088 $t2 = new Subtraction(); 089 $t3 = new Multiplication(); 090 $t4 = new pision(); 091 $t5 = new Modf(); 092 093 $dog = new Coupling(); 094 095 echo $t->display($t1); 096 echo $t->display($t2); 097 echo $t->display($t3); 098 echo $t->display($t4); 099 echo $t->display($t5); 100 101 echo $t->display($dog); 102 103 ?>
程序运行结果:
1 Class Test 初始化:属性$one=96,属性$two=12 2 用PHP接口技术实现的运算:加法运算结果为:108 3 用PHP接口技术实现的运算:减法运算结果为:84 4 用PHP接口技术实现的运算:乘法运算结果为:1152 5 用PHP接口技术实现的运算:除法运算结果为:8 6 用PHP接口技术实现的运算:取模运算结果为:0 7 用PHP接口技术实现的运算:我什么运算都不做...只是为了实现'耦合设计模式'...我是出来打酱油的......
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