The definition and use of magic methods in PHP-PHP Tutorial-php.cn

Home

Backend Development

PHP Tutorial

The definition and use of magic methods in PHP

墨辰丷

Jun 11, 2018 am 09:40 AM

php magic method

This article mainly introduces the definition and use of magic methods in PHP. Magic methods are unique features of object-oriented PHP. They are triggered under specific circumstances and all start with a double underscore. You can understand them. For hooks, friends in need can refer to

Magic method is a unique feature of PHP object-oriented. They are triggered under specific circumstances and all start with a double underscore. You can understand them as hooks. Using pattern methods, you can easily implement overloading in PHP object-oriented (Overloading means dynamically creating class attributes and methods). Many magic methods appear in pairs. The following lists all the current pattern methods in PHP.

1.__construct, __destruct

__constuct is called when constructing the object;
__destruct is called when the object is explicitly destroyed or the script ends;

2.__get, __set

__set is called when assigning a value to an inaccessible or non-existent attribute
__get is called when reading an inaccessible or non-existent attribute

3.__isset, __unset

__isset is called when isset() or empty() is called on an inaccessible or non-existent property
__unset is called on an inaccessible or non-existent property It is called when the attribute is unset

4.__call, __callStatic

#__call is called when it calls an inaccessible or non-existent method
__callStatic is called when it is inaccessible or does not exist The existing static methods are called

5.__sleep, __wakeup

__sleep is called when using serialize, which is very convenient when you don’t need to save all the data of a large object. Useful
__wakeup is called when using unserialize and can be used to initialize objects

6.__clone

It is called when cloning an object and is used to Adjust object cloning behavior

7.__toString

Invoked when a class is converted to a string

8.__invoke

Called when the object is called functionally

9.__set_state

This static method is called when var_export() is called to export the class is called. Use the return value of __set_state as the return value of var_export.

10.__debuginfo

Called when var_dump() is called to print an object (when you don’t want to print all attributes) Applicable to PHP5.6 version

PHP magic method usage examples are as follows:

<?php
 
class Magic
{
  public $var = &#39;test&#39;;
 
  //构造函数,在创建对象的时候调用
  public function __construct()
  {
    echo &#39;__construct called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //某个对象的引用都被删除、对象被销毁、调用exit()后、脚本关闭时被调用
  public function __destruct()
  {
    echo &#39;__destruct called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //当给不可访问或不存在属性赋值时被调用
  public function __set($name, $value)
  {
    echo $name.&#39;-&#39;.$value;
    echo &#39;__set called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //读取不可访问或不存在属性时被调用
  public function __get($name)
  {
    echo $name;
    echo &#39;__get called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //调用不可访问或不存在的方法时被调用
  public function __call($name, $arguments)
  {
    echo $name . &#39;-&#39; . implode(&#39;,&#39;, $arguments);
    echo &#39;__call called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //调用不可访问或不存在的静态方法时被调用
  public static function __callStatic($name, $arguments)
  {
    echo $name . &#39;-&#39; . implode(&#39;,&#39;, $arguments);
    echo &#39;__callStatic called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //对不可访问或不存在的属性调用isset()或empty()时被调用
  public function __isset($name)
  {
    echo $name;
    echo &#39;__isset called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
    return true;
  }
 
  //对不可访问或不存在的属性进行unset时被调用
  public function __unset($name)
  {
    echo $name;
    echo &#39;__unset called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //serialize时被调用，当你不需要保存大对象的所有数据时很有用
  public function __sleep()
  {
    echo &#39;__sleep called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
    return array(&#39;var1111111111&#39;);
  }
 
  //unserialize时被调用，可用于做些对象的初始化操作
  public function __wakeup()
  {
    echo &#39;__wakeup called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
    $this->var = &#39;test after wakeup&#39;;
  }
 
  //当一个类被转换成字符串时被调用
  public function __toString()
  {
    return &#39;__toString called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //进行对象clone时被调用，用来调整对象的克隆行为
  public function __clone()
  {
    echo &#39;__clone called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //当以函数方式调用对象时被调用
  public function __invoke()
  {
    echo &#39;__invoke called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //当调用var_export()导出类时，此静态方法被调用。用__set_state的返回值做为var_export的返回值。
  public static function __set_state($arr)
  {
    return &#39;__set_state called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
  }
 
  //当调用var_dump()打印对象时被调用（当你不想打印所有属性）适用于PHP5.6版本
  public function __debuginfo($arr)
  {
    echo &#39;__debuginfo called&#39;.PHP_EOL;
    return array(
      &#39;var&#39; => &#39;test fro __debuginfo&#39;
    );
  }
}
 
$m = new Magic(); //__construct()被调用
$m->not_exist_property = test; //__set()被调用
echo $m->not_exist_property;//__get()被调用
$m->abc(1,2,3); //__call()被调用
echo isset($m->not_exist_property); //__isset()被调用，返回bool值
unset($m->not_exist_property); //__unset()被调用
echo $tmp = serialize($m); //__sleep()被调用
unserialize($tmp); //__wakeup()被调用
$m1 = clone $m; //__clone()被调用，对象默认是引用传递，使用clone关键词则可实现对象复制
$m(); //__invoke()
eval( &#39;$m2 = &#39; . var_export ( $m , true ) . &#39;;&#39; );var_dump($m2);
var_dump($m);
//最后__destruct()被调用
 
/*
结果：
__construct called
not_exist_property-test__set called
not_exist_property__get called
abc-1,2,3__call called
not_exist_property__isset called
1not_exist_property__unset called
__sleep called
O:5:"Magic":1:{s:13:"var1111111111";N;}__wakeup called
__destruct called
__clone called
__invoke called
string(20) "__set_state called
"
class Magic#1 (1) {
 public $var =>
 string(4) "test"
}
__destruct called
__destruct called
 
 
*/

Copy after login

Summary: The above is the entire content of this article, I hope it will be helpful to everyone's learning.

Related recommendations:

PHP implements simple GET, POST, Cookie, Session and other functions

php How to operate the database to determine whether the table exists

How to get the file MIME type in php

The above is the detailed content of The definition and use of magic methods in PHP. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement of this Website

The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

How to fix KB5055612 fails to install in Windows 10?

4 weeks ago By DDD

Roblox: Grow A Garden - Complete Mutation Guide

3 weeks ago By DDD

Roblox: Bubble Gum Simulator Infinity - How To Get And Use Royal Keys

3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Mandragora: Whispers Of The Witch Tree - How To Unlock The Grappling Hook

3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Nordhold: Fusion System, Explained

3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial

1668

CakePHP Tutorial

1428

Laravel Tutorial

1329

PHP Tutorial

1273

C# Tutorial

1256

Related knowledge

PHP: A Key Language for Web Development Apr 13, 2025 am 12:08 AM

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

PHP vs. Python: Understanding the Differences Apr 11, 2025 am 12:15 AM

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and the choice should be based on project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, with simple syntax and high execution efficiency. 2. Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and rich libraries.

PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming Languages Apr 14, 2025 am 12:13 AM

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications Apr 14, 2025 am 12:19 AM

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

The Enduring Relevance of PHP: Is It Still Alive? Apr 14, 2025 am 12:12 AM

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.

PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained Apr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP vs. Other Languages: A Comparison Apr 13, 2025 am 12:19 AM

PHP is suitable for web development, especially in rapid development and processing dynamic content, but is not good at data science and enterprise-level applications. Compared with Python, PHP has more advantages in web development, but is not as good as Python in the field of data science; compared with Java, PHP performs worse in enterprise-level applications, but is more flexible in web development; compared with JavaScript, PHP is more concise in back-end development, but is not as good as JavaScript in front-end development.

PHP and Python: Code Examples and Comparison Apr 15, 2025 am 12:07 AM

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

See all articles