How are PHP variables defined and how does PHP work?

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Release: 2023-04-03 11:18:02
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The content shared with you in this article is about how PHP variables are defined and how PHP works. The content is of great reference value. I hope it can help friends in need.

1. Variable definition:

What we usually learn is that a variable represents an "identifier" for the storage space and the data in it.

The variable name points to the variable value

More deeply, the variable points to an area of ​​memory

2. The working principle of variables, through drawing analysis method-memory space

<?php
//php引用变量:不同变量名指向同一地址。
//定义一个变量a,此时内存开辟了一块区域,$a指向该区域。
$a = 100;
var_dump($a);    //int 100
//定义变量b,将a变量的值赋值给b,此时该区域有两个变量($a和$b)指向。
$b = $a;
var_dump($b);    //int 100
//修改$a变量的值,php变量具有Copy On Write的特性,所以会复制并重写a所指向的区域值,此时a和b分别指向不同区域。
$a = 10;
var_dump($a);    //int 10
var_dump($b);    //int 100
//------------------------------------------------------------------
$c = 100;
$d = &$c;
$c = 10;
var_dump($c);    //int 10
var_dump($d);    //int 10
//当引用指向时,php变量不在具有COW特性,且指向同一内存区域。
//* unset()只能消除变量的引用,不能删除其内存分配的空间
//------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
例题:
    写出如下程序的输出结果:
    <?php
    $data = [&#39;a&#39;,&#39;b&#39;,&#39;c&#39;];
    foreach($data as $key=>$val){
        $val = &$data[$key];
    }
    问:最终$data的值是多少?
 */
    $data = [&#39;a&#39;,&#39;b&#39;,&#39;c&#39;];
    foreach($data as $key=>$val){
        $val = &$data[$key];
        print_r($data);
    }
/*
    1.$key = 0,
      $val = &#39;a&#39;,
      $val = &$d[0] =>&#39;a&#39;
      $data = [&#39;a&#39;,&#39;b&#39;,&#39;c&#39;];
2.$key = 1,
      $val = &#39;b&#39;, =>$d[0]
      $val = &$d[1] =>&#39;b&#39;
      $data = [&#39;b&#39;,&#39;b&#39;,&#39;c&#39;];
1.$key = 2,
      $val = &#39;c&#39;, =>$d[1]
      $val = &$d[2]=>&#39;c&#39;
      $data = [&#39;b&#39;,&#39;c&#39;,&#39;c&#39;];
 */
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