windows平台中配置nginx+php环境_PHP
刚看到nginx这个词，我很好奇它的读法（engine x），我的直译是"引擎x"，一般引"擎代"表了性能，而"x"大多出现是表示"xtras（额外的效果）"，那么整个词的意思就是类似"极致效果"，"额外性能"。当然这里不是要来唠嗑，以上是题外话。
nginx相较于我们熟悉的apache,IIS的优势，就我浅入浅出的了解，在于"反向代理"和"负载均衡"。因此考虑到能够为Web服务器节省资源，它可以代替apache来提供Web服务。那么上正题了，nginx有这么多优势，那在windows下如何来配置nginx+php环境？网上看到还是那么多转载来转载去的文章。这里就我配置的过程，来介绍一下：
1、首先需要准备的应用程序包。
nginx：nginx/Windows-1.0.4
php：php-5.2.16-nts-Win32-VC6-x86.zip
RunHiddenConsole：RunHiddenConsole.zip
nginx下php是以FastCGI的方式运行，所以我们下载非线程安全也就是nts的php包。
2、安装与配置。
1）php的安装与配置。
直接解压下载好的php包，到D盘wnmp目录（D:\wnmp），这里把解压出来的文件夹重命名成php5。进入文件夹修改php.ini-recommended文件为php.ini，并用Editplus或者Notepad++打开来。找到
extension_dir = "./ext"
更改为
extension_dir = "D:/wnmp/php5/ext"
往下看，再找到
;extension=php_mysql.dll;extension=php_mysqli.dll
实际中，可能还要开启
extension=php_bz2.dll extension=php_curl.dll extension=php_gd2.dll extension=php_mbstring.dll extension=php_exif.dll extension=php_mcrypt.dll extension=php_mhash.dll extension=php_msql.dll extension=php_mssql.dll extension=php_mysql.dll extension=php_mysqli.dll extension=php_openssl.dll extension=php_pdo.dll extension=php_pdo_mssql.dll extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll extension=php_pdo_pgsql.dll extension=php_pdo_sqlite.dll extension=php_snmp.dll extension=php_sockets.dll extension=php_sqlite.dll extension=php_xsl.dll extension=php_zip.dll
前面指定了php的ext路径后，只要把需要的扩展包前面所对应的“;”去掉，就可以了。这里打开php_mysql.dll和php_mysqli.dll，让php支持mysql。
当然不要忘掉很重要的一步就是，把php5目录下的libmysql.dll文件复制到C:\Windows目录下，也可以在系统变量里面指定路径，当然这里我选择了更为方便的方法^_^。(测试发现不复制也是可以的)
到这里，php已经可以支持mysql了。
接下来我们来配置php，让php能够与nginx结合。找到
;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
我们去掉这里的分号：
cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
这一步非常重要，这里是php的CGI的设置。
2）nginx的安装与配置
把下载好的nginx-1.0.4的包同样解压到D盘的wnmp目录下，并重命名为nginx。接下来，我们来配置nginx，让它能够和php协同工作。进入nginx的conf目录，打开nginx的配置文件nginx.conf，找到
location / {
root html; #这里是站点的根目录 index index.html
index.htm;
}
将root html;改为root D:/wnmp/www;加上index.php，即：
location / {
root D:/wnmp/www; #这里是站点的根目录
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
这里需要注意，路径分隔符请使用/而不要使用Windows中的\以防歧义。
再往下，找到
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
先将前面的#去掉，同样将root html;改为root D:/wnmp/www;。再把标记为红色的/scripts改为$document_root，这里的$document_root就是指前面root所指的站点路径，这是改完后的：
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root D:/wnmp/www;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
设定error.log的存放目录，将#error_log logs/error.log;的#去处，默认error.log是存放在Nginx安装目录中logs目录下。
保存配置文件，就可以了。
nginx+php的环境就初步配置好了，来跑跑看。我们可以输入命令：
php-cgi.exe -b 127.0.0.1:9000 -c D:/wnmp/www/php/php.ini
来启动php，并手动启动nginx(可能不可行)。当然也可以利用脚本来实现。
首先把下载好的RunHiddenConsole.zip包解压到nginx目录内，RunHiddenConsole.exe的作用是在执行完命令行脚本后可以自动关闭脚本，而从脚本中开启的进程不被关闭。然后来创建脚本，命名为start_nginx.bat，我们在Notepad++里来编辑它：
@echo off REM Windows 下无效 REM set PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=5 REM 每个进程处理的最大请求数，或设置为 Windows 环境变量 set PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=1000 echo Starting PHP FastCGI... RunHiddenConsole D:/phpsetup/php-5.4.45-nts-Win32-VC9-x86/php-cgi.exe -b 127.0.0.1:9000 -c D:/phpsetup/php-5.4.45-nts-Win32-VC9-x86/php.ini echo Starting nginx... RunHiddenConsole D:/phpsetup/nginx-1.6.0/nginx.exe -p D:/phpsetup/nginx-1.6.0
再另外创建一个名为stop_nginx.bat的脚本用来关闭nginx：
@echo off echo Stopping nginx... taskkill /F /IM nginx.exe > nul echo Stopping PHP FastCGI... taskkill /F /IM php-cgi.exe > nul exit
这样，我们的服务脚本也都创建完毕了。双击start_nginx.bat，再看看进程管理器是不是有两个nginx.exe的进程和一个php-cgi.exe的进程呢？
这样nginx服务就启动了，而且php也以fastCGI的方式运行了。
到站点目录下，新建一个phpinfo.php的文件，在里面编辑
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
保存后，打开浏览器输入http://localhost/phpinfo.php，如果看到
就说明，nginx+php的环境已经配置好了，呵呵~
Nginx 403 forbidden的解决办法
常见的，引起nginx 403 forbidden有二种原因，一是缺少索引文件，二权限问题。
1、缺少index.html或者index.php文件
代码如下:
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.php index.html;
root /var/www;
}
如果在/var/www下面没有index.php,index.html的时候，直接访问域名，找不到文件，会报403 forbidden。
例如：你访问www.test.com而这个域名，对应的root指定的索引文件不存在。
权限问题
对于PHP而言，如果nginx用户没有web目录的权限，则会导致该错误。
解决办法：修改web目录的读写权限，或者是把nginx的启动用户改成目录的所属用户，重起一下就能解决。 如：
代码如下（Linux下）:
chown -R nginx_user:nginx_user /htdocs
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