基于Python如何使用AIML搭建聊天机器人
借助 Python 的 AIML 包，我们很容易实现人工智能聊天机器人。AIML，全名为Artificial Intelligence Markup Language（人工智能标记语言），是一种创建自然语言软件代理的XML语言，是由Richard Wallace和世界各地的自由软件社区在1995年至2002年发明的。
AIML 是什么？
AIML由Richard Wallace发明。他设计了一个名为 A.L.I.C.E. （Artificial Linguistics Internet Computer Entity 人工语言网计算机实体） 的机器人，并获得了多项人工智能大奖。有趣的是，图灵测试的其中一项就在寻找这样的人工智能：人与机器人通过文本界面展开数分钟的交流，以此查看机器人是否会被当作人类。AIML是一种为了匹配模式和确定响应而进行规则定义的 XML 格式。
AIML的官方网站：ALICE。
本文简单介绍下如何用Python编写简单的聊天机器人。
1. 安装Python aiml库
pip install aiml
2. 获取alice资源
Python aiml安装完成后在Python安装目录下的 Lib/site-packages/aiml下会有alice子目录，将此目录复制到工作区。
或者在Google code上下载alice brain: aiml-en-us-foundation-alice.v1-9.zip
3. Python下加载alice
取得alice资源之后就可以直接利用Python aiml库加载alice brain了：
import aiml
os.chdir('./res/alice') #切换工作目录到alice文件夹下，视具体情况而定
alice = aiml.Kernel()
alice.learn("startup.xml")
alice.respond('LOAD ALICE')注意加载时需要切换工作目录到alice下。
4. 与alice聊天
加载之后就可以与alice聊天了，每次只需要调用respond接口：
alice.respond('hello') #这里的hello即为发给机器人的信息
5. 用Tornado搭建聊天机器人网站
利用Tornado可以很方便地搭建一个web接口的聊天机器人。具体的代码可以在此链接下在：web接口的聊天机器人。
下载此代码之后直接运行main.py即可，然后可以通过浏览器访问url与聊天机器人，url类似http://localhost/aiml?req=hello的形式（req参数即为发给机器人的信息）。
注意要运行此代码，需要安装Python 的aiml与Tornado库。
lwons.com上已经搭建了这样的web接口，可以访问http://lwons.com/aiml?req=hello来测试下。
6. 搭建聊天机器人微信订阅号
上一步的web接口可以很方便地改造成一个微信订阅号，实现的效果可以添加微信订阅号 CuriousGuys 后直接发送消息。如果需要微信订阅号的代码可以私信我。
订阅号效果截图：
以上所述给大家介绍了基于Python如何使用AIML搭建聊天机器人的相关内容，希望本文所述对大家有所帮助。
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