Python脚本文件打包成可执行文件的方法

WBOY
Release: 2016-06-10 15:11:04
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将Python脚本文件包装成可执行文件,其目的有二:

一则: 不需要依赖Python编译器就可以运行软件
二则: 不想让自己的源码公布出去

常用的工具有: py2exe、cx_freeze等

【工具:py2exe】

安装py2exe
安装该工具很简单:
只需要从官方网站:http://www.py2exe.org/下载与版本对应的安装程序,点击下一步即可完成安装。
安装后,执行import py2exe,不报错则表示安装成功!

复制代码 代码如下:

>>> import py2exe 
>>> 

NOTE: 目前该工具只支持到Python2.7, 对于Python3而言,必须借助另外一个工具:cx_freeze

使用py2exe

第一步: 准备源代码,假如名为:Hello.py


第二步: 准备编译脚本,假如名为:setup.py

复制代码 代码如下:

from distutils.core import setup 
import py2exe 
 
setup(windows=['Hello.py']) 

第三步: 运行命令: setup.py py2exe

复制代码 代码如下:

D:\temp>setup.py py2exe

运行之后,会在我当前运行的目录下(D:\temp)默认生成dict目录,里面的文件如下:

默认情况下,py2exe在目录dist下创建以下这些必须的文件: 
1、一个或多个exe文件。如本例为: Hello.exe 
2、python##.dll。 如本例中: Python27.dll 
3、.pyd文件,它们是已编译的扩展名,它们是exe文件所需要的;加上其它的.dll文件,这些.dll是.pyd所需要的。 
4、一个library.zip文件,它包含了已编译的纯的python模块如.pyc或.pyo 

第四步: 双击Hello.exe可执行文件,跟源代码运行后同样的结果:

其他

1: 执行setup.py --help获取帮助信息

复制代码 代码如下:

Global options: 
  --verbose (-v)  run verbosely (default) 
  --quiet (-q)    run quietly (turns verbosity off) 
  --dry-run (-n)  don't actually do anything 
  --help (-h)     show detailed help message 
  --no-user-cfg   ignore pydistutils.cfg in your home directory 
 
Options for 'py2exe' command: 
  --optimize (-O)       optimization level: -O1 for "python -O", -O2 for 
                        "python -OO", and -O0 to disable [default: -O0] 
  --dist-dir (-d)       directory to put final built distributions in (default 
                        is dist) 
  --excludes (-e)       comma-separated list of modules to exclude 
  --dll-excludes        comma-separated list of DLLs to exclude 
  --ignores             comma-separated list of modules to ignore if they are 
                        not found 
  --includes (-i)       comma-separated list of modules to include 
  --packages (-p)       comma-separated list of packages to include 
  --compressed (-c)     create a compressed zipfile 
  --xref (-x)           create and show a module cross reference 
  --bundle-files (-b)   bundle dlls in the zipfile or the exe. Valid levels 
                        are 1, 2, or 3 (default) 
  --skip-archive        do not place Python bytecode files in an archive, put 
                        them directly in the file system 
  --ascii (-a)          do not automatically include encodings and codecs 
  --custom-boot-script  Python file that will be run when setting up the 
                        runtime environment 
 
usage: setup.py [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...] 
   or: setup.py --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...] 
   or: setup.py --help-commands 
   or: setup.py cmd --help 

2: 一个详细的编译脚本

复制代码 代码如下:

# -*- coding: cp936 -*- 
from distutils.core import setup 
import py2exe 
 
includes = ["encodings", "encodings.*"] 
 
options = {"py2exe":   
            {"compressed": 1,      # 压缩   
             "optimize": 2,        # 优化级别 
             "ascii": 1,           #  
             "includes":includes,  # 编码方式 
             "bundle_files": 1     # 所有文件打包成一个zipfile或exe文件,有效级别1,2,3 
            }} 
setup( 
    options=options,               # 是否需要可选项,默认为None 
    zipfile=None,                  # 是否需要压缩像,默认为None 
    console=[{"script": "HelloCmd.py", "icon_resources": [(1, "pc.ico")]}], # 针对CMD控制端口  
    windows=[{"script": "HelloWin.py", "icon_resources": [(1, "pc.ico")]}], # 针对GUI图形窗口 
    data_files=[("magic",["App_x86.exe",]),], 
    version = "v1.01",             # 版本信息 
    description = "py2exe testing",# 描述信息  
    name = "Hello, Py2exe",        # 名字信息 

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