Share an example of how Python random generates N random numbers that do not repeat within a certain interval.-Python Tutorial-php.cn

Share an example of how Python random generates N random numbers that do not repeat within a certain interval.

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Release： 2017-05-20 14:58:43

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In a recent experiment, the data needed to be randomly split into two parts according to a certain proportion. The core of this problem is actually the problem of generating non-repeating random numbers. The first thing I thought of was the recursive method, and then I discovered that Python actually already provides a function for this method, which can be used directly. The specific code is as follows:

#生成某区间内不重复的N个随机数的方法
import random;

#1、利用递归生成
resultList=[];#用于存放结果的List
A=1; #最小随机数
B=10 #最大随机数
COUNT=10

#生成随机数的递归数学，参数counter表示当前准备要生成的第几个有效随机数
def generateRand(counter): 
    tempInt=random.randint(A,B); # 生成一个范围内的临时随机数，
    if(counter<=COUNT): # 先看随机数的总个数是不是够了，如果不够
        if(tempInt not in resultList): # 再检查当前已经生成的临时随机数是不是已经存在，如果不存在
            resultList.append(tempInt); #则将其追加到结果List中
            counter+=1;# 然后将表示有效结果的个数加1. 请注意这里，如果临时随机数已经存在，则此if不成立，那么将直接执行16行，counter不用再加1
        generateRand(counter); # 不管上面的if是否成立，都要递归。如果上面的临时随机数有效，则这里的conter会加1，如果上面的临时随机数已经存在了，则需要重新再生成一次随机数,counter不能变化
generateRand(1);#调用递归函数，并给当前要生成的有效随机数的个序号置为1，因为要从第一个开始嘛
print(resultList)# 打印结果

#2、利用Python中的randomw.sample()函数实现
resultList=random.sample(range(A,B+1),COUNT); # sample(x,y)函数的作用是从序列x中，随机选择y个不重复的元素。上面的方法写了那么多，其实Python一句话就完成了。
print(resultList)# 打印结果

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