Python and、or以及and-or语法总结
一、and:
在Python 中，and 和 or 执行布尔逻辑演算，如你所期待的一样，但是它们并不返回布尔值；而是，返回它们实际进行比较的值之一。
代码如下:
>>> 'a' and 'b' 'b' >>> '' and 'b' '' >>> 'a' and 'b' and 'c' 'c'
在布尔上下文中从左到右演算表达式的值，如果布尔上下文中的所有值都为真，那么 and 返回最后一个值。
如果布尔上下文中的某个值为假，则 and 返回第一个假值
二、or:
代码如下:
>>> 'a' or 'b' 'a' >>> '' or 'b' 'b' >>> '' or [] or {}
{} >>> 0 or 'a' or 'c' 'a'
[code]使用 or 时，在布尔上下文中从左到右演算值，就像 and 一样。如果有一个值为真，or 立刻返回该值
如果所有的值都为假，or 返回最后一个假值
注意 or 在布尔上下文中会一直进行表达式演算直到找到第一个真值，然后就会忽略剩余的比较值
三、and-or:
and-or 结合了前面的两种语法，推理即可。
[
code]>>> a='first' >>> b='second' >>> 1 and a or b 'first' >>> (1 and a) or b 'first' >>> 0 and a or b 'second' >>> (0 and a) or b 'second' >>>
这个语法看起来类似于 C 语言中的 bool ? a : b 表达式。整个表达式从左到右进行演算，所以先进行 and 表达式的演算。 1 and 'first' 演算值为 'first'，然后 'first' or 'second' 的演算值为 'first'。
0 and 'first' 演算值为 False，然后 0 or 'second' 演算值为 'second'。
and-or主要是用来模仿 三目运算符 bool?a:b的，即当表达式bool为真，则取a否则取b。
and-or 技巧，bool and a or b 表达式，当 a 在布尔上下文中的值为假时，不会像 C 语言表达式 bool ? a : b 那样工作。
四、安全使用and-or
代码如下:
>>> a="" >>> b="second" >>> (1 and [a] or [b]) [''] >>> (1 and [a] or [b])[0] '' >>>
由于 [a] 是一个非空列表，所以它决不会为假。即使 a 是 0 或者 '' 或者其它假值，列表 [a] 也为真，因为它有一个元素。
一个负责的程序员应该将 and-or 技巧封装成一个函数：
代码如下:
def choose(bool,a,b): return (bool and [a] or [b])[0] print choose(1,'','second') #''
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