java - 关于二叉查找树的put方法

Question

看二叉查找树的时候看到put方法：

 public void put(Key key, Value val) {
        if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException("first argument to put() is null");
        if (val == null) {
            delete(key);
            return;
        }
        root = put(root, key, val);
        assert check();
    }

    private Node put(Node x, Key key, Value val) {
        //if key存在于以x为结点的子树中则更新它的值
        //then 将以key和val为键值的新结点插入到该子树中
        if (x == null) return new Node(key, val, 1);
        int cmp = key.compareTo(x.key);
        //比它小往左边走
        if      (cmp < 0) x.left  = put(x.left,  key, val);
        //不然往右边走
        else if (cmp > 0) x.right = put(x.right, key, val);
        //找到了就赋新的值
        else              x.val   = val;
        x.size = 1 + size(x.left) + size(x.right);//为什么要+1？？？
        return x;
    }

为什么要x.size = 1 + size(x.left) + size(x.right);？？进入这里的条件是如果该结已存在就赋予新的值吧？那么仅仅是更新一个值为什么要增加1个size呢？

Answer 1

There is a problem with the comment. For binary search trees, put actually means insert.

1. If cmp < 0 || cmp > 0, then there will be one more node in the left subtree or right subtree, then the size will be increased by 1

2. If cmp==0, it is equivalent to adding a duplicate node. Under normal circumstances, will not append a duplicate node to the tree, but add 1 to the current node.size