# 字符串的索引与切片
str = 'ABCDEFGHIJK'
print(str[0]) # A
print(str[3]) # D
print(str[5]) # F
print(str[7]) # H
"""
何为切片?
切片就是通过索引(索引:索引/索引:步长)截取字符串的一段
切片的原则: 顾头不顾尾
"""
str = 'ABCDEFGHIJK'
print(str[0:3]) # A B C
print(str[2:5]) # C D E
print(str[0:]) # 包含A到字符串末尾
print(str[0:-1]) # 顾头不顾尾原则,反向-1位置的K会取不到 A
print(str[0:5:2]) # 从0开始到5位置结束,步长为2 A C E
print(str[5:0:-2]) # 反向加步长 F D B
# 字符串常用方法
name = input('请输入用户名:')
# 首字母大写
print(name.capitalize())
# 大小写翻转
print(name.swapcase())
# 每个单词的首字母大写
print(name.title())
# 居中并填充
print(name.center(20, '*'))
# 字符串中元素出现的个数
print(name.count("s"))
print(name.count('s', 3))
# 判断是否以...开头(Bool)
print(name.startswith('j'))
print(name.startswith('j', 1))
# 判断是否以...结尾(Bool)
print(name.endswith('e'))
print(name.endswith('e', 3))
# 寻找字符串中的元素是否存在 jesse
print(name.find('s'))
print(name.find('s', 3))
# 字符串转化为数组
print(name.split(','))
print(name.rsplit(',', 1))
# format的三种用法
print('{} {} {}'.format('jesse', 18, 'man'))
print('{1} {0} {1}'.format('jesse', 18, 'man'))
print('{name} {age} {sex}'.format(age=18, sex='man', name='jesse'))
# 去除两端字符
print(name.rstrip('*'))
print(name.lstrip('*'))
print(name.strip('*'))
# 字符串替换
print(name.replace('jesse', 'David', 1))
# is系列
print(name.isalnum()) # 字符串由数字或字母组成
print(name.isalpha()) # 字符串只由字母组成
print(name.isdigit()) # 字符串只由数字组成
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