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Grid常用的容器与项目属性学习与应用
Sinan学习博客
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Grid常用的容器与项目属性学习与应用

1. 显式网格

  • display: grid; 将容器设置为网格容器
  • grid-template-columns;设置网格的列数
  • grid-template-rows;设置网格的行数
  1.     <div class="container"></div>
  2.     <style>
  3.       .container {
  4.         width: 300px;
  5.         height: 150px;
  6.         display: grid;
  7.         /* grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 100px);
  8.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 50px); */
  9.         grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  10.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 1fr);
  11.       }
  12.     </style>

1.1 给网格添加项目（子项目）

这里设置了9个网格，子项目默认会按顺序从左到右，从上到下排列。

  1.     <div class="container">
  2.       <div>1</div>
  3.       <div>2</div>
  4.       <div>3</div>
  5.       <div>4</div>
  6.       <div>5</div>
  7.       <div>6</div>
  8.       <div>7</div>
  9.       <div>8</div>
  10.       <div>9</div>
  11.     </div>
  12.     <style>
  13.       .container {
  14.         width: 300px;
  15.         height: 150px;
  16.         display: grid;
  17.         /* grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 100px);
  18.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 50px); */
  19.         grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  20.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 1fr);
  21.         place-items: center;
  22.       }
  23.       .container > div {
  24.         font-size: 20px;
  25.         font-weight: bold;
  26.       }
  27.     </style>

1.2 移动网格里的项目

  • 1个项目至少占据1个单元格，1个单元格默认占据1行1列
  • grid-column: 2/3;设置项目的列号
  • grid-row: 2/3;设置项目的行号
  • 如果项目只跨越1个单元格，可以简写,grid-column:2; grid-row:2;
  1.     <div class="container">
  2.       <div class="item">1</div>
  3.     </div>
  4.     <style>
  5.       .container {
  6.         width: 300px;
  7.         height: 150px;
  8.         display: grid;
  9.         grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  10.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 1fr);
  11.       }
  12.       .container > .item:first-child {
  13.         font-size: 20px;
  14.         font-weight: bold;
  15.         background-color: orange;
  16.         /*将网格1行1列的项目，移动到网格2行2列*/
  17.         grid-column: 2/3;
  18.         grid-row: 2/3;
  19.       }
  20.     </style>

1.2 跨越多个单元格

  • 可以指定行号：

    • grid-row: 2 / 4;
    • grid-column: 2 / 4;

  • 可以指定跨越单元格的步长（个数）

    • grid-row: 2 / span 2;
    • grid-column: 2 / span 2;

  • 项目跨越多个单元格形成1个网格区域，可以用grid-area设置

    • grid-area:行开始 / 列开始 / 行结束 / 列结束
  1.     <div class="container">
  2.       <div class="item">1</div>
  3.     </div>
  4.     <style>
  5.       .container {
  6.         width: 300px;
  7.         height: 150px;
  8.         display: grid;
  9.         grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  10.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 1fr);
  11.       }
  12.       .container > .item:first-child {
  13.         font-size: 20px;
  14.         font-weight: bold;
  15.         background-color: orange;
  16.         padding: 10px;
  18.         /* 可以指定行号： */
  19.         /* grid-row: 2 / 4; */
  20.         /* grid-column: 2 / 4; */
  22.         /* 可以指定跨域单元格的步长（个数） */
  23.         /* grid-row: 2 / span 2; */
  24.         /* grid-column: 2 / span 2; */
  26.         /* 项目跨越多个单元格形成1个网格区域，可以用grid-area设置 */
  27.         /* grid-area:行开始 / 列开始 / 行结束 / 列结束 */
  28.         grid-area: 2 / 2 / span 2 / span 2;
  29.       }
  30.     </style>

2. 排列规则

项目在网格中的排列规则：

  • gird-auto-flow:row; 默认排列方式，从左到右
  • gird-auto-flow:column; 从上到下


3. 隐式网格

  • 当超出显式网格数量的项目，会创建在隐式网格中，隐式网格会自动生成。
  • 超出网格的项目，自动显示在隐式网格，高度默认式内容高度。
  • 用grid-auto-rows属性能使容器内的项目高度一致。
  1.     <div class="container">
  2.       <div class="item">item1</div>
  3.       <div class="item">item2</div>
  4.       <div class="item">item3</div>
  5.       <div class="item">item4</div>
  6.       <div class="item">item5</div>
  7.       <div class="item">item6</div>
  8.       <div class="item">item7</div>
  9.       <div class="item">item8</div>
  10.       <div class="item">item9</div>
  11.       <!-- 超出网格的项目 -->
  12.       <div class="item">item10</div>
  13.       <div class="item">item11</div>
  14.       <div class="item">item12</div>
  15.     </div>
  16.     <style>
  17.       .container {
  18.         width: 300px;
  19.         height: 150px;
  20.         display: grid;
  21.         grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  22.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 1fr);
  23.         grid-auto-flow: row;
  24.         /* 超出网格的项目，自动显示在隐式网格，高度默认式内容高度。 */
  25.         /* 用grid-auto-rows属性能使容器内的项目高度一致。 */
  26.         grid-auto-rows: 1fr;
  27.       }
  28.       .container > .item {
  29.         font-size: 16px;
  30.         font-weight: bold;
  31.         background-color: orange;
  32.       }

4. 项目在容器中的对齐

  1.     <div class="container">
  2.       <div class="item">item1</div>
  3.       <div class="item">item2</div>
  4.       <div class="item">item3</div>
  5.       <div class="item">item4</div>
  6.       <div class="item">item5</div>
  7.       <div class="item">item6</div>
  8.       <div class="item">item7</div>
  9.       <div class="item">item8</div>
  10.       <div class="item">item9</div>
  11.     </div>
  12.     <style>
  13.       .container {
  14.         width: 450px;
  15.         height: 250px;
  16.         display: grid;
  17.         grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 100px);
  18.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 50px);
  19.         grid-auto-flow: row;
  20.         /* 超出网格的项目，自动显示在隐式网格，高度默认式内容高度。 */
  21.         /* 用grid-auto-rows属性能使容器内的项目高度一致。 */
  22.         grid-auto-rows: 1fr;
  23.         background-color: aqua;
  24.         border: 1px solid #000;
  25.         /* place-content: center start; */
  26.         /* place-content: space-around space-between; */
  27.         /* place-content: space-between; */
  28.         place-content: space-evenly;
  29.       }
  30.       .container > .item {
  31.         font-size: 16px;
  32.         font-weight: bold;
  33.         background-color: orange;
  34.       }
  35.     </style>






4. 项目在单元格中的对齐

  • place-items: center center;
  • place-items: center;
  • place-items: end;
  • place-items: srart end;
  • place-items: center end;
  • place-items: staft;
  • place-items: center start;

5. 设置网格间距 gap

  1.     <div class="container">
  2.       <div class="item">item1</div>
  3.       <div class="item">item2</div>
  4.       <div class="item">item3</div>
  5.       <div class="item">item4</div>
  6.       <div class="item">item5</div>
  7.       <div class="item">item6</div>
  8.       <div class="item">item7</div>
  9.       <div class="item">item8</div>
  10.       <div class="item">item9</div>
  11.     </div>
  12.     <style>
  13.       .container {
  14.         width: 450px;
  15.         height: 450px;
  16.         display: grid;
  17.         grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  18.         grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 1fr);
  19.         grid-auto-flow: row;
  20.         grid-auto-rows: 1fr;
  21.         background-color: aqua;
  22.         border: 1px solid #000;
  23.         /*设置行间距20px，列间距10px*/
  24.         gap: 20px 10px;
  25.       }
  26.       .container > .item {
  27.         font-size: 16px;
  28.         font-weight: bold;
  29.         background-color: orange;
  30.       }
  31.     </style>

6. 仿PHP.CN模块

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="zh-CN">
  3.   <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  5.     <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
  6.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  7.     <title>案例</title>
  8.     <style>
  9.       * {
  10.         margin: 0;
  11.         padding: 0;
  12.         box-sizing: border-box;
  13.       }
  14.       html {
  15.         font-size: 1rem;
  16.       }
  17.       body {
  18.         background-color: #f5f5f5;
  19.         color: #666;
  20.       }
  21.       .container {
  22.         /* background-color: #eee; */
  23.         /* border: 1px solid #000; */
  24.         padding: 0 10px;
  25.       }
  26.       a {
  27.         text-decoration: none;
  28.         color: #666;
  29.       }
  30.       /* 移动端优先，由小屏到大屏 */
  31.       @media (max-width: 375px) {
  32.         /* 当屏幕宽度小于375px时，使用这里面的CSS规则 */
  33.         .container {
  34.           margin: 20px auto;
  35.           width: 375px;
  36.         }
  37.         .container > .courseList {
  38.           grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  39.           grid-template-rows: repeat(5, 1fr);
  40.         }
  41.       }
  42.       @media (min-width: 375px) and (max-width: 640px) {
  43.         /* 当屏幕宽度介于375px--640px之间时，使用这里的css规则 */
  44.         .container {
  45.           margin: 50px auto;
  46.           max-width: 640px;
  47.         }
  48.         .container > .courseList {
  49.           grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  50.           grid-template-rows: repeat(4, 1fr);
  51.         }
  52.       }
  53.       @media (min-width: 640px) {
  54.         /* 当屏幕大于640px时，使用这里面的CSS规则 */
  55.         .container {
  56.           margin: 50px auto;
  57.           max-width: 1200px;
  58.         }
  59.         .container > .courseList {
  60.           grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
  61.           grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 1fr);
  62.         }
  63.       }
  65.       .container > .newCourse {
  66.         height: 80px;
  67.         display: flex;
  68.         place-content: space-between;
  69.         place-items: center;
  70.       }
  71.       .container > .courseList {
  72.         /* height: 400px; */
  73.         /* background: #ccc; */
  74.         display: grid;
  75.         gap: 30px 20px;
  76.       }
  77.       figure {
  78.         border-radius: 8px;
  79.         overflow: hidden;
  80.         background-color: #fff;
  81.       }
  82.       figure > img {
  83.         width: 100%;
  84.       }
  85.       figure > figcaption {
  86.         font-size: 0.875rem;
  87.         line-height: 1.5rem;
  88.         padding: 10px;
  89.       }
  90.       figure > figcaption > span {
  91.         background-color: bisque;
  92.         color: #f90;
  93.         padding: 2px 5px;
  94.         font-size: small;
  95.         margin-right: 10px;
  96.       }
  97.       figure > p {
  98.         display: flex;
  99.         place-content: space-between;
  100.         font-size: smaller;
  101.         padding: 10px;
  102.       }
  103.     </style>
  104.   </head>
  105.   <body></body>
  106.   <div class="container">
  107.     <div class="newCourse">
  108.       <h3 class="left">最新课程</h3>
  109.       <p class="right"><a href="#">更多 ></a></p>
  110.     </div>
  111.     <div class="courseList">
  112.       <figure>
  113.         <img src="img/63bbd15353895588.jpg" />
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  164.   </div>
  165. </html>

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