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相对定位、绝对定位、固定定位的区别 - 7月5日作业
大兔子的博客
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大兔子 - 7月5日作业


相对定位、绝对定位、固定定位的区别

1、定位方式

相对定位:

position: relative;

绝对定位:

position: absolute;

固定定位:

position: fixed;

控制定位偏移距离:

top: 10px; 上
left: 10px; 左
right: 10px; 右
bottom: 10px; 下

控制定位层级

z-index: 1; 数字越大,层级越高



实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>7月5日作业</title>
    <style>
        /* 简易样式重置 */
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }

        body {
            background: url("https://blog.datuzi.top/template/datuzi/img/bg.jpg") no-repeat;
            background-size: cover;
        }

        h1 {
            font-size: 24px;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 2;
            color: #fff;
            margin: 50px 0;
        }
        /* 给父元素设置相对定位 */
        .top {
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            background-color: antiquewhite;
            position: relative;
        }
            /* 子元素设置绝对定位 */
            .top div {
                width: 20%;
                height: 100px;
                border: 1px solid #000;
                position: absolute;
                font-size: 48px;
                text-align: center;
                line-height: 100px;
                color: #fff;
            }
                /* 第一个div位置定位 */
                .top div:first-child {
                    top: 0;
                    left: 50%;
                    margin-left: -10%;
                    background-color: blue;
                }
                /* 第二个div位置定位 */
                .top div:nth-child(2) {
                    bottom: 0;
                    left: 50%;
                    margin-left: -10%;
                    background-color: #ff006e;
                }
                /* 第三个div位置定位 */
                .top div:nth-child(3) {
                    top: 50%;
                    left: 0;
                    margin-top: -51px;
                    background-color: #b200ff;
                }
                /* 第四个div位置定位 */
                .top div:nth-child(4) {
                    bottom: 50%;
                    right: 0;
                    margin-bottom: -51px;
                    background-color: #808080;
                }
                /* 最后一个DIV位置定位 */
                .top div:last-of-type {
                    top: 50%;
                    left: 50%;
                    margin-left: -10%;
                    margin-top: -51px;
                    background-color: #4cff00;
                }
        /* 登录框 */
        .denglu .bg {
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            z-index: 3;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            background-color: #000;
            opacity: 0.6;
        }

        .denglu .denglu-con {
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
            right: 0;
            bottom: 0;
            z-index: 6;
            margin: auto;
            width: 300px;
            height: 300px;
            background-color: #fff;
        }

         .denglu .denglu-con form {
             padding: 60px 0;
         }

            .denglu .denglu-con p {
                margin: 30px 0;
            }

                .denglu .denglu-con p label {
                    width: 80px;
                    display: inline-block;
                    text-align: right;
                }

                .denglu .denglu-con p input {
                    width: 180px;
                    height: 25px;
                    display: inline-block;
                }
        /* 固定定位 */
        .ad {
            position: fixed;
            bottom: 10px;
            right: 10px;
            z-index: 1;
            width: 200px;
            height: 100px;
            text-align: center;
            border: 1px solid #ccc;
            border-radius: 6px;
        }

            .ad button {
                background-color: #0094ff;
                color: #fff;
                padding: 0 26px;
                height: 25px;
                line-height: 25px;
                border: none;
                display: block;
                margin-left: auto;
                border-radius: 0 6px 0 6px;
            }

            .ad p {
                font-size: 16px;
                height: 40px;
                line-height: 40px;
                color: #fff;
            }

            .ad h1 {
                font-size: 22px;
                height: 35px;
                line-height: 30px;
                color: #ff006e;
                margin: 0;
            }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>大兔子 - 7月5日作业</h1>
    <!-- 了解定位 -->
    <section class="top">
        <div>1</div>
        <div>2</div>
        <div>3</div>
        <div>4</div>
        <div>5</div>
    </section>
    <!-- 模仿php中文网登陆 -->
    <section class="denglu">
        <div class="bg"></div>
        <div class="denglu-con">
        <button onclick="this.parentNode.style.display='none'">关闭</button>
            <form action="" method="post">
                <!-- 用户名 -->
                <p>
                    <label for="ursename">用户名:</label>
                    <input type="text" name="ursename" id="ursename" placeholder="由2-8个英文或数字组成" autofocus="autofocus" />
                </p>
                <!-- 密码 -->
                <p>
                    <label for="password">密码:</label>
                    <input type="password" name="password" id="password" placeholder="由8-16个英文或数字组成" required="required" />
                </p>
            </form>
        </div>
    </section>
    <!-- 固定定位小广告 -->
    <section class="ad">
        <button onclick="this.parentNode.style.display='none'">关闭</button>
        <p>php中文网第7期***</p>
        <h1>招生进行中</h1>
    </section>
</body>
</html>

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