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CSS的选择器与padding,margin的应用 -- 2019年09月03日
阿来的blog
Original
693 people have browsed it

1、CSS相邻选择器:

‘+’选择器则表示某元素后相邻的兄弟元素,是单个的!

‘~’选择器则表示某元素后所有同级的指定元素,强调所有的!

实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
    <style>
div+p {
background-color: red;
}
h2~p {
background-color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>

<body>
<div>
<div>
<p>P标签1</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>与众不同</p>
<p>P标签3</p>
<p>P标签4</p>
<p>P标签5</p>
<p>P标签6</p>
<h2>H标签7</h2>
<p>P标签8</p>
<p>P标签9</p>
<p>P标签10</p>
</body>

</html>

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1.jpg

2.nth-child() 与nth-of-type()选择器实例演示和差异。

nth-child(n)  选择器匹配属于其父元素的第 N 个子元素,不论元素的类型。

nth-of-type(n) 选择器匹配同类型中的第n个同级兄弟元素。(n可以是一个数字,一个关键字,或者一个公式。)

实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        p:nth-child(3) {
            background: #ff0;
        }
        
        p:nth-of-type(8) {
            background: #f00;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>这是标题</h1>
    <p>第一个段落。</p>
    <p>第二个段落。</p>
    <p>第三个段落。</p>
    <p>第五个段落。</p>
    <p>第六个段落。</p>
    <p>第七个段落。</p>
    <p>第八个段落。</p>
    <p>第九个段落。</p>
    <p>第十个段落。</p>


</body>

</html>

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2.jpg

3.padding对盒子大小的影响, box-sizing: border-box;

实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style type="text/css">
        .box {
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);
            background-color: red;
        }
        
        .box2 {
            width: 200px;
            height: 100px;
            border: 1px solid #ff0;
            background-color: green;
            padding: 12px;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="box">
        <div class="box2">
            设置了padding,需要box-sizing
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
</body>

</html>

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3.jpg

4. margin中的同级塌陷, 嵌套传递与自动挤压演示:

实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .box1 {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background-color: lightblue;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        
        .box2 {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background-color: lightcoral;
            margin-top: 30px;
        }
        
        .box3 {
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            background-color: lightblue;
        }
        
        .box4 {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background-color: lightcoral;
            margin-top: 50px;
        }
        
        .box5 {
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            background-color: blueviolet;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <!--margin中的同级塌陷:设置了对各自设置了margin距离,小塌陷到大的里面-->
    <div class="box1"></div>
    <div class="box2"></div>
    <!--margin中的嵌套传递:给盒子内的元素设置margin,最后作用只会到外层的盒子,盒子内部之间设置间距需要用padding-->
    <div class="box3">
        <div class="box4"></div>
    </div>
    <!--margin中的自动挤压:通过设置auto值实现居中显示-->
    <div class="box5">
    </div>
</body>

</html>

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4.jpg

Correction status:qualified

Teacher's comments:OK, 完成的不错哟, 简洁
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