弹性布局之弹性容器-PHP培训第九期线上班 - 作业

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一.public.css

/*弹性容器的通用样式*/
.container {
    border: 2px dashed red;
    margin: 15px;
    background-color: #cdc;
}
/*弹性元素的通用样式*/
.item {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    border: 1px solid;
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: purple;
}

/*块级弹性盒子/容器*/
.flex {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
}

二，弹性容器的两种类型

实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>弹性容器的二种类型</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style1.css">
</head>
<body>
<h3>1. 块级_弹性容器</h3>
<div class="container flex">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<div class="container flex">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>

<hr style="height: 3px; background-color:green;">

<h3>2. 行内_弹性容器</h3>
<div class="container inline-flex">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<div class="container inline-flex">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
</body>
</html>

@import "public.css";

/*行内_弹性容器*/
.inline-flex {
    display: inline-flex;
}

三.弹性容器做导航

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>弹性容器(盒子)做导航</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style2.css">
</head>
<body>
<nav>
    <a href="">首页</a>
    <a href="">教学视频</a>
    <a href="">社区问答</a>
    <a href="">软件下载</a>
    <a href="">联系我们</a>
</nav>


</body>
</html>

/*链接样式重置*/
a {
    text-decoration: none;
    background-color: lightgreen;
    color: black;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    margin: 0 5px;
    border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0;
}

nav {
    display: flex;
    border-bottom: 1px solid gray;
}

a:hover, a:focus, a:active {
    background-color: orangered;
    color: white;
}

四.定义弹性容器的主轴方向: 弹性元素的主轴上的排列方向

实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style3.css">
    <title>定义弹性容器的主轴方向: 弹性元素的主轴上的排列方向</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>1. row: 默认从左到右, 水平排列</h3>
<div class="container flex row">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>

<h3>2. row-reverse: 从右到左, 水平排列</h3>
<div class="container flex row-reverse">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>

<h3>3. column: 从上到下, 垂直排列</h3>
<div class="container flex column">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>

<h3>4. column-reverse: 从下到上, 垂直排列</h3>
<div class="container flex column-reverse">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
</body>
</html>

实例

@import "public.css";

.row {
   flex-direction: row;
}

.row-reverse {
    flex-direction: row-reverse;
}

.column {
    flex-direction: column;
}

.column-reverse {
    flex-direction: column-reverse;
}

五.创建网站首页

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>创建网站首页</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style4.css">
</head>
<body>
<!--页眉-->
<header>
    <h1>老师的博客</h1>
</header>
<!--导航-->
<nav>
    <a href="">首页</a>
    <a href="">教学视频</a>
    <a href="">社区问答</a>
    <a href="">软件下载</a>
    <a href="">联系我们</a>
</nav>
<main>
    <article>
        <img src="images/1.jpg" alt="">
        <p>JavaScript 是一门弱类型的动态脚本语言，支持多种编程范式，包括面向对象和函数式编程，被广泛用于 Web 开发。</p>
        <button>立即学习</button>
    </article>
    <article>
        <img src="images/2.jpg" alt="">
        <p>Vue是一套用于构建用户界面的渐进式框架, 被设计为可以自底向上逐层应用。</p>
        <button>立即学习</button>
    </article>
    <article>
        <img src="images/3.jpg" alt="">
        <p>Laravel是一套简洁,优雅的PHP Web开发框架, 它可以帮你构建一个完美的网络APP</p>
        <button>立即学习</button>
    </article>
</main>

<!--页脚-->
<footer>
    <p>
        Copyright © 2018 - 2021 php中文网
    </p>
</footer>

</body>
</html>

@import "style2.css";

* {
    outline: 1px solid #ccc;
    margin: 10px;
    padding: 10px;
}

/*将页面中所有的布局元素全转为flex*/
body, nav, main, article {
    display: flex;
}

/*元素在主轴上的排列方向*/
body, article {
    flex-direction: column;
}

footer {
    border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
}

nav {
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

3[SHSI4_D%G1}_EJMDZ3UB5.png

六.弹性元素溢出与创建多行容器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>弹性元素溢出与创建多行容器</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style5.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>以主轴水平方向为例进行演示:</h1>
<h3>1. nowrap: 默认不换行, 元素自动缩小填充容器</h3>
<div class="container flex row nowrap">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
    <span class="item">item7</span>
    <span class="item">item8</span>
    <span class="item">item9</span>
    <span class="item">item10</span>
    <span class="item">item11</span>
</div>

<hr style="height: 3px; background-color:green;">

<h3>2. wrap: 换行, 弹性元素超出容器边界的换到下一行显示</h3>
<div class="container flex row wrap">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
    <span class="item">item7</span>
    <span class="item">item8</span>
    <span class="item">item9</span>
    <span class="item">item10</span>
    <span class="item">item11</span>
</div>

<hr style="height: 3px; background-color:green;">

<h3>3. wrap-reverse: 换行, 弹性元素反转排列</h3>
<div class="container flex row wrap-reverse">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
    <span class="item">item7</span>
    <span class="item">item8</span>
    <span class="item">item9</span>
    <span class="item">item10</span>
    <span class="item">item11</span>
</div>
</body>
</html>

@import "public.css";

.container {
    width: 500px;
}
/*不换行*/
.nowrap {
    flex-flow: row nowrap;
}

.wrap {
    flex-flow: row wrap;
}

.wrap-reverse {
    flex-flow: row wrap-reverse;
}

$$[@_NCHP6%`X~~0T3{EE_TC.png$

七.弹性元素在主轴上如何分布

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>弹性元素在主轴上如何分布</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style7.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>弹性元素在主轴上如何分布</h1>
<h3>1. flex-start: 主轴起点开始排列</h3>
<p>单行</p>
<div class="container flex flex-start">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行</p>
<div class="container flex flex-start wrap">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>

<hr style="height: 3px; background:green;">
<h3>2. flex-end: 主轴终点开始排列</h3>
<p>单行</p>
<div class="container flex flex-end">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行</p>
<div class="container flex flex-end wrap">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>

<hr style="height: 3px; background:green;">

<h3>3. center: 弹性元素做一个整体居中显示</h3>
<p>单行</p>
<div class="container flex center">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行</p>
<div class="container flex center wrap">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>

<hr style="height: 3px; background:green;">

<h3>4. space-between:首尾元素紧贴起止点,其它元素平分剩余空间</h3>
<p>单行</p>
<div class="container flex space-between">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行</p>
<div class="container flex space-between wrap">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>

<hr style="height: 3px; background:green;">

<h3>5. space-around:每个元素二边空间相等,相邻元素空间累加</h3>
<p>单行</p>
<div class="container flex space-around">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行</p>
<div class="container flex space-around wrap">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>

<hr style="height: 3px; background:green;">

<h3>6. space-evenly:每个元素, 以及元素到与起止点的空间全部相等</h3>
<p>单行</p>
<div class="container flex space-evenly">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行</p>
<div class="container flex space-evenly wrap">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>
</body>
</html>

@import "public.css";

.container {
    width: 500px;
}

/*创建一个通用样式组件*/
.wrap {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.flex-start {
    justify-content: flex-start;
}

.flex-end {
    justify-content: flex-end;
}

.center {
    justify-content: center;
}

/*剩余空间分配方案*/
.space-between {
    justify-content: space-between;
}

.space-around {
    justify-content: space-around;
}

.space-evenly {
    justify-content: space-evenly;
}

八.使用弹性元素主轴对齐来改写导航

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>使用弹性元素主轴对齐来改写导航</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style8.css">
</head>
<body>
<nav>
    <a href="">首页</a>
    <a href="">教学视频</a>
    <a href="">社区问答</a>
    <a href="">软件下载</a>
    <a href="">联系我们</a>
</nav>


</body>
</html>

/*链接样式重置*/
a {
    text-decoration: none;
    background-color: lightgreen;
    color: black;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    margin: 0 5px;
    border-radius: 5px 5px 0 0;
}

nav {
    display: flex;
    border-bottom: 1px solid gray;
}

a:hover, a:focus, a:active {
    background-color: orangered;
    color: white;
}

nav {
    justify-content: flex-start;
}

nav {
    justify-content: flex-end;
}

nav {
    justify-content: center;
}

九.弹性元素在垂直方向(交叉轴)上的对齐方式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>弹性元素在垂直方向(交叉轴)上的对齐方式</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style9.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>弹性元素在垂直轴上分布方式:</h1>
<h3>1. stretch: 默认值, 元素高度自动拉伸充满整个容器</h3>
<p>单行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex stretch">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex wrap wrap-stretch">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>

<h3>2.flex-start: 元素紧贴容器起点</h3>
<p>单行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex flex-start">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex wrap wrap-flex-start">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>


<h3>3.flex-end: 元素紧贴容器终点</h3>
<p>单行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex flex-end">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex wrap wrap-flex-end">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>


<h3>4.center: 所有元素做为一个整体在容器垂直方向居中显示</h3>
<p>单行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex center">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
</div>
<p>多行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex wrap wrap-center">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
</div>

<h3>5.space-between: 垂直方向首尾行紧贴起止点,其它行平分剩余空间</h3>
<p>多行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex wrap wrap-space-between">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
    <span class="item">item7</span>
    <span class="item">item8</span>
    <span class="item">item9</span>
    <span class="item">item10</span>
    <span class="item">item11</span>
    <span class="item">item12</span>
</div>

<h3>6.space-around: 每个元素二边空间相等,相邻元素空间累加</h3>
<p>多行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex wrap wrap-space-around">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
    <span class="item">item7</span>
    <span class="item">item8</span>
    <span class="item">item9</span>
    <span class="item">item10</span>
    <span class="item">item11</span>
    <span class="item">item12</span>
</div>

<h3>7.space-evenly: 每个元素, 以及元素到与起止点的空间全部相等</h3>
<p>多行容器:</p>
<div class="container flex wrap wrap-space-evenly">
    <span class="item">item1</span>
    <span class="item">item2</span>
    <span class="item">item3</span>
    <span class="item">item4</span>
    <span class="item">item5</span>
    <span class="item">item6</span>
    <span class="item">item7</span>
    <span class="item">item8</span>
    <span class="item">item9</span>
    <span class="item">item10</span>
    <span class="item">item11</span>
    <span class="item">item12</span>
</div>


</body>
</html>

@import "public.css";

.container {
    width: 500px;
    height: 300px;
}

.wrap {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/*单行容器*/
/*align-items: 设置单行容器中元素在垂直轴上的排列方式*/
.stretch {
    align-items: stretch;
}

.flex-start {
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.flex-end {
    align-items: flex-end;
}

.center {
    align-items: center;
}

/*多行容器*/
/*align-content: 设置多行容器中弹性元素的对齐方式和空间分配方案*/
.wrap-stretch {
    align-content: stretch;
}

.wrap-flex-start {
    align-content: flex-start;
}

.wrap-flex-end {
    align-content: flex-end;
}

.wrap-center {
    align-content: center;
}

.wrap-space-between {
    align-content: space-between;
}

.wrap-space-around {
    align-content: space-around;
}

.wrap-space-evenly {
    align-content: space-evenly;
}

十.手抄作业

十一.总结

①任何一个元素,只要设置了“display: flex”属性, 就可以将它声明为一个弹性容器；

②弹性容器的常用属性

flex-direction;flex-wrap;(两者可以简化为flex-flow)

justify-conten；align-items；align-content；

row（默认值）：主轴为水平方向，起点在左端。

row-reverse：主轴为水平方向，起点在右端。

column：主轴为垂直方向，起点在上沿。

column-reverse：主轴为垂直方向，起点在下沿。

nowrap（默认）：不换行。
wrap：换行，第一行在上方。
wrap-reverse：换行，第一行在下方。

flex-start（默认值）：左对齐

flex-end：右对齐

center：居中

space-between：两端对齐，项目之间的间隔都相等。

space-around：每个项目两侧的间隔相等。所以，项目之间的间隔比项目与边框的间隔大一倍

flex-start：垂直轴的起点对齐。

flex-end：垂直轴的终点对齐。

center：垂直轴的中点对齐。

stretch（默认值）：如果项目未设置高度或设为

auto，将占满整个容器的高度。

space-evenly: 每个元素, 以及元素到与起止点的空间全部相等

③体会到了弹性布局的简单、方便以及快速。

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：好认真, 写了很长时间吧, 加油

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