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PHP MySQLi 增删查改（CURD）实例——面向过程方法

hanyufeng的博客

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1089 people have browsed it

文档结构：

通用文件头部、底部文件保存在inc目录，css、js保存在static 文件

L01.02.png

数据库结构及数据：

创建数据库

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user` (
  `id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `email` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
  `memo` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

导入数据

INSERT INTO `user` (`id`, `name`, `email`, `password`, `memo`) VALUES
(1, '张三', 'zhangsan1@company.com', '7c4a8d09ca3762af61e59520943dc26494f8941b', NULL),
(2, '李四', 'lisi@company.com', 'dd5fef9c1c1da1394d6d34b248c51be2ad740840', NULL),
(3, '王五', 'wangwu@company.com', '601f1889667efaebb33b8c12572835da3f027f78', NULL);

示例源码：

通用文件：

header.php

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport"
 content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<!--    注意：相对路径的写法，应该以调用header.php的文件为起始位置，不是header.php文件本身-->
<!--    或者使用相对于网站根目录的路径-->
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css">
    <script src="static/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
    <script src="static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
    <title><?php echo  isset($pageTitle)?$pageTitle:'注册'?></title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <!--头部导航开始-->
 <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12">
            <div class="nav">
                <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
                    <div class="container-fluid">
                        <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
 <div class="navbar-header">
                            <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                            </button>
                            <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">我的博客</a>
                        </div>
                        <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                            <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                                <li class="active"><a href="#">首页 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
                                <li><a href="#">学习心得</a></li>
                                <li><a href="#">编程技巧</a></li>
                                <li><a href="#">源码分享</a></li>
                                <li><a href="#">资料下载</a></li>
                            </ul>
                        </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
 </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
 </nav>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!--头部导航结束-->

footer.php

<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-12">
        <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
            <p class="text-center"><a href="">PHP中文网版权所有</a></p>
        </nav>
    </div>
</div>
<!--底部本身的内容结束-->

<!--与头部对应的结束标签-->
</div>
<!--脚本统一放在最后-->
<script>
//    给全部delete按钮添加click事件
    $('a#delete').each(function () {
        $(this).on('click', function () {
            if(!confirm("确认要删除吗？"))
            {
                return false;//取消跳转到链接
            }
        });
    });
</script>
</body>
</html>

主页面及代码：

list.php，显示数据列表

L01.02-1.png

<?php
$pageTitle = '用户信息列表';
include  'inc/header.php';

//连接数据库
require 'inc/connect.php';

//查询用户信息表user
$sql = "SELECT * FROM user";  //创建查询语句
$result = mysqli_query($db, $sql);  //执行查询
$rows = [];  //创建查询结果容器,初始为空数组,该数组最终会成为一个二维数组,与数组表对应
if ($result && mysqli_num_rows($result) > 0) {
    while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_ASSOC))
//        print_r($row);  //查看查询到的数据
        $rows[] = $row;  //将每一次查询到的结果放在数组$rows[]中,这是最终返回的结果
} else {
    echo '<h3>数据表为空,没有数据~~</h3>';
}
?>

<!--创建表格用来展示用户数据-->
<!--<div class="container">-->
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12 text-center">
            <h3>用户信息表</h3>
            <table class="table table-bordered">
                <tr class="h5 bg-info">
<!--                    <td>ID</td><td>姓名</td><td>邮箱</td>-->
                    <td>ID</td><td>姓名</td><td>邮箱</td><td>操作</td>
                </tr>
<!--
    1.下面循环输出用户信息,用foreach()的替代语法,请尽快熟悉这种写法,以后写模板就靠这个玩意了
    2. 替代语法的目标就是一个: 干掉php代码中的大括号,因为html与php混写的时候,不断的切换会有很多大括号
    3. 过多的大括号,即不利于代码整洁,也容易出错,不利于代码维护
-->
                <?php foreach ($rows as $row) : ?>
                    <tr>
                        <td><?php echo $row['id'] ?></td>
                        <td><?php echo $row['name'] ?></td>
                        <td><?php echo $row['email'] ?></td>
                <!-- 添加编辑和删除操作时,用链接式的按钮更合适-->
                        <td>
                            <a class="btn btn-success" href="view.php?id=<?php echo $row['id'] ?>" target="_blank" role="button">详细</a>
                            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="edit.php?id=<?php echo $row['id'] ?>" target="_blank" role="button">编辑</a>
                            <a id="delete" class="btn btn-danger"  href="delete.php?id=<?php echo $row['id'] ?>" target="_blank" role="button">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                <?php endforeach;?>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
<!--</div>-->

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12 text-right">
            <a class="btn btn-info btn-lg"  href="register.php" role="button">新建</a>
            <p></p>
        </div>
    </div>

<!--输出页尾-->
<?php include 'inc/footer.php' ?>

view.php，显示一条记录的详细信息

<?php
$pageTitle = '用户信息详情';
include 'inc/header.php';
$id = $_GET['id'];  //获取到要编辑的记录的id


require 'inc/connect.php';  //连接数据库
//准备查询语句
$sql = "SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `id` = ".$id;
$res = mysqli_query($db, $sql);  //执行查询
if ($res && mysqli_num_rows($res) > 0) {
    //根据主键查询只会返回一条记录,不用循环处理
  $row = mysqli_fetch_array($res, MYSQLI_ASSOC);
}

?>
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-12">
                <h3 class="text-center">用户信息详情</h3>
                <div class="form-group">
<!--                        用户名和密码是不允许修改的,因为这是登陆的重要信息,仅允许修改邮箱-->
                        <label for="name" class="col-md-1 col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label>
                        <div class="col-md-11 col-sm-10">
                            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" placeholder="userName" name="name" value="<?php echo $row['name'] ?>" readonly>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="email" class="col-md-1 col-sm-2 control-label">邮箱</label>
                        <div class="col-md-11 col-sm-10">
                            <input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" placeholder="Email" name="email" value="<?php echo $row['email'] ?>" readonly>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="email" class="col-md-1 col-sm-2 control-label">备注</label>
                        <div class="col-md-11 col-sm-10">
                            <input type="email" class="form-control" id="memo" name="memo" value="<?php echo $row['memo'] ?>" readonly>
                            <p></p>
                        </div>
                    </div>
            </div>
        </div>

<?php include 'inc/footer.php' ?>

edit.php，编辑记录，提交到do_edit.php更新数据

<?php include 'inc/header.php';
$id = $_GET['id'];  //获取到要编辑的记录的id

require 'inc/connect.php';  //连接数据库
//准备查询语句
$sql = "SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `id` = ".$id;
$res = mysqli_query($db, $sql);  //执行查询
if ($res && mysqli_num_rows($res) > 0) {
    //根据主键查询只会返回一条记录,不用循环处理
  $row = mysqli_fetch_array($res, MYSQLI_ASSOC);
}


?>

        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-12">
                <h3 class="text-center">用户信息编辑</h3>
<!--                修改处理的php脚本名称-->
                <form class="form-horizontal" action="do_edit.php?id=<?php echo $row['id'] ?>" method="post">
                    <div class="form-group">
<!--                        用户名和密码是不允许修改的,因为这是登陆的重要信息,仅允许修改邮箱-->
                        <label for="name" class="col-md-1 col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label>
                        <div class="col-md-11 col-sm-10">
                            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" placeholder="userName" name="name" value="<?php echo $row['name'] ?>" readonly>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="email" class="col-md-1 col-sm-2 control-label">邮箱</label>
                        <div class="col-md-11 col-sm-10">
                            <input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" placeholder="Email" name="email" value="<?php echo $row['email'] ?>">
                        </div>
                    </div>


                    <div class="form-group">
                        <div class="col-md-2 col-md-offset-3 col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10  text-center">
                            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary  btn-block">保存</button>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>

<?php include 'inc/footer.php' ?>

do_edit.php

<?php
/**
 * 1.检测表单数据有效性
 * 2.更新数据表
 * 3.处理错误信息
 */

$pageTitle = '更新处理';  //设置当前页面标题
include 'inc/header.php';  //导入公共文件头部

//1.检测表单数据有效性
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $error = []; //创建一个数组,用来保存出错信息
    //用户名只读，跳过检查
    //检查邮箱信息
    if (empty($_POST['email'])) {
        $error[] = '没有输入邮箱,请检查';
    } else {
        $email = trim($_POST['email']);
    }
    //如果错误信息数组空，数据有效，更新到数据库
    //2.更新数据表
    if (empty($error)) {
        //连接数据库
        require 'inc/connect.php';
        //创建sql语句
        $sql = "UPDATE user SET  `email`='{$email}' WHERE `id`={$_GET['id']}";
        //更新数据
        if (mysqli_query($db, $sql)){
            echo '<h3 style="color: green">成功更新了'.mysqli_affected_rows($db).'条记录</h3>';
        } else {
            echo '<h3 style="color:red">更新失败:'.mysqli_error($db).'</h3>';
        }
        //关闭连接
        mysqli_close($db);
    }  else {
        //打印出错误信息
        foreach ($error as $message) {
            echo '<h3 style="color:red">'.$message.'</h3>';
        }
    }
}

include 'inc/footer.php';  //导入公共头部

delete.php，删除一条记录，删除前确认（在list.php页面）

L01.02-2.png

<?php
require 'inc/connect.php';

$sql = "DELETE FROM user WHERE id=".$_GET['id'];

if (mysqli_query($db, $sql)){
    echo '<script>alert("成功删除'.mysqli_affected_rows($db).'条记录")</script>';
} else {
    echo '<script>alert("删除失败'.mysqli_error($db).'")</script>';
}
mysqli_close($db);

<?php
$pageTitle = '用户注册';
include 'inc/header.php'
?>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12">
            <h3 class="text-center">用户注册</h3>
            <form class="form-horizontal" action="do_register.php" method="post">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="name" class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名</label>
                    <div class="col-sm-10">
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" placeholder="userName" name="name" value="<?php echo  isset($_POST['name'])?$_POST['name']:'' ?>">
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="email" class="col-sm-2 control-label">邮箱</label>
                    <div class="col-sm-10">
                        <input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" placeholder="Email" name="email" value="<?php echo  isset($_POST['email'])?$_POST['email']:'' ?>">
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="password1" class="col-sm-2 control-label">密码</label>
                    <div class="col-sm-10">
                        <input type="password" class="form-control" id="password1" placeholder="Password" name="password1" value="<?php echo  isset($_POST['password1'])?$_POST['password1']:'' ?>">
                    </div>
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="password2" class="col-sm-2 control-label">重复密码</label>
                    <div class="col-sm-10">
                        <input type="password" class="form-control" id="password2" placeholder="Confirm Password" name="password2" value="<?php echo  isset($_POST['password2'])?$_POST['password2']:'' ?>">
                    </div>
                </div>

                <div class="form-group">
                    <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10  text-center">
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary  btn-block">注册</button>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>

<?php include 'inc/footer.php' ?>

do_register.php

<?php
/**
 * 1.检测表单数据有效性
 * 2.添加记录到数据表
 * 3.处理错误信息
 */

$pageTitle = '用户注册';  //设置当前页面标题
include 'inc/header.php';  //导入公共文件头部

//1.检测表单数据有效性
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $error = []; //创建一个数组,用来保存出错信息
    //检查用户名
    if (empty($_POST['name'])) {
        $error[] = '请输入用户名';
    } else {
        $name = trim($_POST['name']);
    }
    //检查邮箱
    if (empty($_POST['email'])) {
        $error[] = '请输入邮箱';
    } else {
        $email = trim($_POST['email']);
    }
    //检查密码。密码需要输入两遍,并且相同。
    if (empty($_POST['password1'])) {  //第一行密码如果为空
        $error[] = '请输入密码';
    } else {   //再检查第二行的校验密码
        if (empty($_POST['password2'])){  //如果没有输入第二行的校验密码
            $error[] = '请输入校验密码';
        } else {   //比较2个密码
            if ($_POST['password1'] == $_POST['password2']) {
                $password = trim($_POST['password1']); //如果相等,继续
            } else {  //否则重新输入
                $error[] = '两次输入的密码不一致';
            }
        }
    }

    //如果错误信息数组空，数据有效，添加到数据库
    //2.添加记录到数据表
    if (empty($error)) {
        //连接数据库
        require 'inc/connect.php';
        //创建sql语句
        $sql = "INSERT user SET `name`='{$name}', `email`='{$email}', `password`=sha1('{$password}')";
        //添加记录操作
        if (mysqli_query($db, $sql)){
            echo '<h3 style="color: green">成功添加了'.mysqli_affected_rows($db).'条记录</h3>';
        } else {
            echo '<h3 style="color:red">添加失败:'.mysqli_error($db).'</h3>';
        }
        //关闭连接
        mysqli_close($db);
    }  else {
        //打印出错误信息
        foreach ($error as $message) {
            echo '<h3 style="color:red">'.$message.'</h3>';
        }
    }
}

include 'inc/footer.php';  //导入公共头部

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