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SESSION与COOKIE案例
phpcn_u202398
Original
599 people have browsed it

1、SESSION会话

1.1、连接数据库

1.1.1、配置参数
代码实例
  1. <?php
  2. namespace edu;
  3. return [
  4.      'type'=>$type ?? 'mysql',
  5.      'host'=>$localhost ?? 'localhost',
  6.      'dbname'=>$dbname ?? 'goods',
  7.      'charset' =>$charset ?? 'utf-8',
  8.      'username'=>$username ?? 'root',
  9.      'password'=>$password ?? 'root'
  11. ];
  12. ?>
1.1.2、连接数据库
代码实例
  1. <?php
  2.     namespace edu;
  3.     use Exception;
  4.     use PDO;
  6.     $conf = require 'conf.php';
  7.     $type = $conf['type'];
  8.     $host = $conf['host'];
  9.     $dbname = $conf['dbname'];
  10.     $username = $conf['username'];
  11.     $password = $conf['password']; 
  13.     $dsn = sprintf('%s:host=%s;dbname=%s',$type,$host,$dbname);
  14.     try {
  15.         $db = new PDO($dsn, $username, $password);
  16.     } catch (Exception $e) {
  17.         echo '错误原因: ' . $e->getMessage();
  18.     }
  19. ?>

1.2、CSS样式

代码实例
  1. .body{padding: 0px;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;}
  2. a{
  3.     text-decoration: none;
  4.     color:#ffffff;
  5.     padding: 5px 20px;
  6. }
  7. a:hover{
  8.     background-color: bisque;
  9.     color:#292828;
  10.     padding-left: 20px;
  11. }
  12. .login{
  13.     background-color: aquamarine;
  14.     width: 400px;
  15.     height:230px;
  16.     margin:10% auto ;
  17.     border-radius: 5px;
  18.     padding: 10px ;
  20.     display: flex;
  21.     flex-flow: column nowrap;
  23. }
  24. .login>div{
  25.     margin-top: 20px;
  27.     display: flex;
  28.     flex-flow: row nowrap;
  29.     align-self: center;
  31. }
  32. .login>div>button{
  33.     border: none;
  34.     background-color: forestgreen;
  35.     height: 25px;
  36.     width: 90px;
  38.     margin-left: 20px;
  39. }
  40. .login>div>button:hover{
  42.     background-color:#338c82;
  43.     color: ghostwhite;
  45. }
  46. .reg{
  47.     background-color: rgb(246, 247, 243);
  48.     width: 400px;
  49.     margin:auto ;
  50.     border-radius: 5px;
  51.     padding: 10px ;
  53.     display: flex;
  54.     flex-flow: column nowrap;
  56. }
  57. .reg>div{
  58.     margin-top: 20px;
  60.     display: flex;
  61.     flex-flow: row nowrap;
  62.     align-self: center;
  64. }
  65. .reg>div>input{
  66.     height:20px;
  67.     width: 200px;
  68.     font-size: 15px;
  70. }
  71. .reg>div>button{
  72.     border: none;
  73.     background-color: rgb(112, 134, 112);
  74.     height: 25px;
  75.     width: 90px;
  77.     margin-left: 20px;
  78. }
  79. .reg>div>button:hover{
  81.     background-color:#338c82;
  82.     color: ghostwhite;
  84. }
  86. .header{
  87.     width: 100%;
  88.     height:40px;
  89.     background-color: #252525;
  90.     color:#ffffff;
  91.     font-size: 20px;
  93.     display: flex;
  94.     flex-flow:row nowrap;
  96.     justify-content: space-around;
  97. }
  98. .header>div{
  100.     display: flex;
  101.     flex-flow:row nowrap;
  103.     align-self: center;
  104. }

1.3、index.php

代码实例
  1. <?php
  2. // 开启会话
  3. session_start();
  4. // 判断是否已经登录?
  5. if (isset($_SESSION['user'])) $user = unserialize($_SESSION['user']);
  6. ?>
  7. <!DOCTYPE html>
  8. <html lang="en">
  9. <head>
  10.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  11.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  12.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
  13.     <title>首页</title>
  14. </head>
  15. <body>
  16.    <div class="header">
  17.        <div>
  18.             <a href="#">首页</a>
  19.             <a href="#">商品展示</a>
  20.             <a href="#">购物车</a>
  21.             <a href="#">联系我们</a>
  22.        </div>
  23.        <div>
  24.             <?php if (isset($user)) : ?>
  25.                 <span style="color:red;margin-top:5px;"><?php echo $user['name']?></span><a href="" id="logout">&nbsp;&nbsp;退出</a>
  26.             <?php else: ?>
  27.                 <a href="login.php">登录</a>
  28.             <?php endif ?>
  29.        </div>
  30.    </div>
  31. </body>
  32. </html>
  34. <script>
  35.     //为退出按钮创建事件监听器
  36.     document.querySelector('#logout').addEventListener('click', function(event) {
  37.         if (confirm('是否退出')) {
  38.             // 禁用默认行为, 其实就是禁用原<a>标签的点击跳转行为,使用事件中的自定义方法处理
  39.             event.preventDefault();
  40.             // 跳转到退出事件处理器
  41.             window.location.assign('handle.php?action=logout');
  42.         }
  43.     });
  44. </script>

1.4、login.php

代码实例
  1. <?php
  2. // 开启会话
  3. session_start();
  4. // 判断是否已登录
  5. if (isset($_SESSION['user']))
  6.     exit('<script>alert("请不要重复登录");location.href="index.php";</script>');
  7. ?>
  9. <!DOCTYPE html>
  10. <html lang="en">
  11. <head>
  12.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  13.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  14.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
  15.     <title>登录页面</title>
  16. </head>
  17. <body>
  18.    <form action="handle.php?action=login" method="post">
  19.         <div class="login">
  20.                 <span>用户登录</span>
  21.                 <span><hr></span>
  22.             <div>
  23.                 <label>用户名：</label>
  24.                 <input type="text" name="name" id="name" placeholder="请输入用户名" required autofocus>
  25.             </div>
  26.             <div>
  27.                 <label>密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码：</label>
  28.                 <input type="password" name="password" id="password" placeholder="请输入密码" required >
  29.             </div>
  30.             <div>
  31.                 <button>登&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;录</button>
  32.             </div>
  33.             <div style="color:aqua;">
  34.                  <a href="register.php">还没有帐号, 注册一个吧</a>
  35.             </div>
  37.         </div>
  38.    </form>
  39. </body>
  40. </html>

1.5、register

代码实例
  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3. <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  5.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  6.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
  7.     <title>注册页面</title>
  8. </head>
  9. <body>
  10.   <form action="handle.php?action=register" method="post" onsubmit="return compare()">
  11.         <div class="reg">
  12.             <span>注册用户</span>
  13.             <span><hr></span>
  14.             <div>
  15.                 <label>用&nbsp;&nbsp;户&nbsp;&nbsp;名：</label>
  16.                 <input type="text" name="name" id="name" placeholder="请输入用户名" required autofocus>
  17.             </div>
  18.             <div>
  19.                 <label>邮&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;箱：</label>
  20.                 <input type="email" name="email" id="email" placeholder="请输入邮箱" required >
  21.             </div>
  22.             <div>
  23.                 <label>密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码：</label>
  24.                 <input type="password" name="pwd1" id="pwd1" placeholder="请输入密码" required >
  25.             </div>
  26.             <div>
  27.                 <label>密码确认：</label>
  28.                 <input type="password" name="pwd2" id="pwd2" placeholder="请再次输入密码" required >
  29.             </div>
  30.             <div>
  31.                 <button>提&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;交</button>
  32.             </div>
  33.         </div>
  34.   </form>
  35. </body>
  36. </html>
  37. <script>
  38.     // 验证二次密码是否相等?
  39.     function compare() {
  40.         if (document.forms[0].pwd1.value.trim() !== document.forms[0].pwd2.value.trim()) {
  41.             document.querySelector('#tips').innerText = '二次密码不相等';
  42.             return false;
  43.         }
  44.     }
  45. </script>

1.6、hendle.php

代码实例
  1. <?php
  2. // 开启会话
  3. session_start();
  4. // 查询用户表中的数据
  5. $pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=php11', 'root', 'root');
  6. $stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM `users`');
  7. $stmt->execute();
  8. $users = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
  9. // 处理用户登录与注册
  10. $action = $_GET['action'];
  12. switch ( strtolower($action)) {
  13.     // 登录
  14.     case 'login':
  15.         // 判断请求是否合t法
  16.         if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST') {
  17.             // 获取需要验证的数据
  18.             $name = $_POST['name'];
  19.             $password = md5($_POST['password']);
  20.             $results = array_filter($users, function($user) use ($name, $password) {
  21.                 return $user['name'] === $name && $user['password'] === $password;
  22.              });
  24.              if (count($results) === 1) {
  25.                  $_SESSION['user'] = serialize(array_pop($results));
  26.                  exit('<script>alert("验证通过");location.href="index.php"</script>');
  27.              } else {
  28.                 exit('<script>alert("用户名或密码错误");location.href="login.php";</script>'); 
  29.              }
  30.         } else {
  31.             die('请求类型错误');
  32.         }
  33.     break;
  35.     // 退出
  36.     case 'logout':
  37.         if (isset($_SESSION['user'])) {
  38.             session_destroy();
  39.             exit('<script>alert("退出成功");location.assign("index.php")</script>');
  40.         }
  41.     break;
  43.     // 注册
  44.     case 'register':
  45.         // 1. 获取到所有新用户数据
  46.         $name = $_POST['name'];
  47.         $email = $_POST['email'];
  48.         $password = sha1($_POST['pwd1']);
  49.         $add_time = time();
  51.         // 2. 将新用户插入到表中
  52.         $sql = "INSERT  `users` SET `name`='{$name}', `email`='{$email}', `password`='{$password}', `add_time`={$add_time}";
  53.         $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
  54.         $stmt->execute();
  55.         if ($stmt->rowCount() === 1) exit('<script>alert("注册成功");location.assign("login.php")</script>');
  56.         else exit('<script>alert("注册失败");location.assign("login.php")</script>');
  57.         break;
  59.     // 未定义
  60.     default:
  61.     exit('未定义操作');
  62. }

2、COOKIE会话

2.1、连接数据库

2.1.1、配置参数
代码实例
  1. <?php
  2. namespace edu;
  3. return [
  4.      'type'=>$type ?? 'mysql',
  5.      'host'=>$localhost ?? 'localhost',
  6.      'dbname'=>$dbname ?? 'goods',
  7.      'charset' =>$charset ?? 'utf-8',
  8.      'username'=>$username ?? 'root',
  9.      'password'=>$password ?? 'root'
  11. ];
  12. ?>
2.1.2、连接数据库
代码实例
  1. <?php
  2.     namespace edu;
  3.     use Exception;
  4.     use PDO;
  6.     $conf = require 'conf.php';
  7.     $type = $conf['type'];
  8.     $host = $conf['host'];
  9.     $dbname = $conf['dbname'];
  10.     $username = $conf['username'];
  11.     $password = $conf['password']; 
  13.     $dsn = sprintf('%s:host=%s;dbname=%s',$type,$host,$dbname);
  14.     try {
  15.         $db = new PDO($dsn, $username, $password);
  16.     } catch (Exception $e) {
  17.         echo '错误原因: ' . $e->getMessage();
  18.     }
  19. ?>

2.2、CSS样式

代码实例
  1. .body{padding: 0px;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;}
  2. a{
  3.     text-decoration: none;
  4.     color:#ffffff;
  5.     padding: 5px 20px;
  6. }
  7. a:hover{
  8.     background-color: bisque;
  9.     color:#292828;
  10.     padding-left: 20px;
  11. }
  12. .login{
  13.     background-color: aquamarine;
  14.     width: 400px;
  15.     height:230px;
  16.     margin:10% auto ;
  17.     border-radius: 5px;
  18.     padding: 10px ;
  20.     display: flex;
  21.     flex-flow: column nowrap;
  23. }
  24. .login>div{
  25.     margin-top: 20px;
  27.     display: flex;
  28.     flex-flow: row nowrap;
  29.     align-self: center;
  31. }
  32. .login>div>button{
  33.     border: none;
  34.     background-color: forestgreen;
  35.     height: 25px;
  36.     width: 90px;
  38.     margin-left: 20px;
  39. }
  40. .login>div>button:hover{
  42.     background-color:#338c82;
  43.     color: ghostwhite;
  45. }
  46. .reg{
  47.     background-color: rgb(246, 247, 243);
  48.     width: 400px;
  49.     margin:auto ;
  50.     border-radius: 5px;
  51.     padding: 10px ;
  53.     display: flex;
  54.     flex-flow: column nowrap;
  56. }
  57. .reg>div{
  58.     margin-top: 20px;
  60.     display: flex;
  61.     flex-flow: row nowrap;
  62.     align-self: center;
  64. }
  65. .reg>div>input{
  66.     height:20px;
  67.     width: 200px;
  68.     font-size: 15px;
  70. }
  71. .reg>div>button{
  72.     border: none;
  73.     background-color: rgb(112, 134, 112);
  74.     height: 25px;
  75.     width: 90px;
  77.     margin-left: 20px;
  78. }
  79. .reg>div>button:hover{
  81.     background-color:#338c82;
  82.     color: ghostwhite;
  84. }
  86. .header{
  87.     width: 100%;
  88.     height:40px;
  89.     background-color: #252525;
  90.     color:#ffffff;
  91.     font-size: 20px;
  93.     display: flex;
  94.     flex-flow:row nowrap;
  96.     justify-content: space-around;
  97. }
  98. .header>div{
  100.     display: flex;
  101.     flex-flow:row nowrap;
  103.     align-self: center;
  104. }

2.3、index.php

代码实例
  1. <?php
  2. // 判断是否已经登录?
  3. if (isset($_COOKIE['user'])) $user = unserialize($_COOKIE['user']);
  5. ?>
  7. <!DOCTYPE html>
  8. <html lang="en">
  9. <head>
  10.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  11.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  12.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
  13.     <title>首页</title>
  14. </head>
  15. <body>
  16.    <div class="header">
  17.        <div>
  18.             <a href="#">首页</a>
  19.             <a href="#">商品展示</a>
  20.             <a href="#">购物车</a>
  21.             <a href="#">联系我们</a>     
  22.        </div>
  23.        <div>
  24.             <?php if (isset($user)) : ?>
  25.                 <span style="color:red;margin-top:5px;"><?php echo $user['name']?></span><a href="" id="logout">&nbsp;&nbsp;退出</a>
  26.             <?php else: ?>
  27.                 <a href="login.php">登录</a>
  28.             <?php endif ?>    
  29.        </div>
  30.    </div>
  31. </body>
  32. </html>
  34. <script>
  35.     //为退出按钮创建事件监听器
  36.     document.querySelector('#logout').addEventListener('click', function(event) {
  37.         if (confirm('是否退出')) {
  38.             // 禁用默认行为, 其实就是禁用原<a>标签的点击跳转行为,使用事件中的自定义方法处理
  39.             event.preventDefault();
  40.             // 跳转到退出事件处理器
  41.             window.location.assign('handle.php?action=logout');
  42.         }
  43.     });
  44. </script>

2.4、login.php

代码实例
  1. <?php
  2. // 判断是否已登录
  3. if (isset($_COOKIE['user']))
  4.     exit('<script>alert("请不要重复登录");location.href="index.php";</script>');
  5. ?>
  7. <!DOCTYPE html>
  8. <html lang="en">
  9. <head>
  10.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  11.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  12.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
  13.     <title>登录页面</title>
  14. </head>
  15. <body>
  16.    <form action="handle.php?action=login" method="post">
  17.         <div class="login">
  18.                 <span>用户登录</span>
  19.                 <span><hr></span>
  20.             <div>
  21.                 <label>用户名：</label>
  22.                 <input type="text" name="name" id="name" placeholder="请输入用户名" required autofocus>
  23.             </div>
  24.             <div>
  25.                 <label>密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码：</label>
  26.                 <input type="password" name="password" id="password" placeholder="请输入密码" required >
  27.             </div>
  28.             <div>
  29.                 <button>登&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;录</button>
  30.             </div>
  31.             <div style="color:aqua;">
  32.                  <a href="register.php">还没有帐号, 注册一个吧</a>
  33.             </div>
  34.         </div>
  35.    </form>
  36. </body>
  37. </html>

2.5、register

代码实例
  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3. <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  5.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  6.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
  7.     <title>注册页面</title>
  8. </head>
  9. <body>
  10.   <form action="handle.php?action=register" method="post" onsubmit="return compare()">
  11.         <div class="reg">
  12.             <span>注册用户</span>
  13.             <span><hr></span>
  14.             <div>
  15.                 <label>用&nbsp;&nbsp;户&nbsp;&nbsp;名：</label>
  16.                 <input type="text" name="name" id="name" placeholder="请输入用户名" required autofocus>
  17.             </div>
  18.             <div>
  19.                 <label>邮&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;箱：</label>
  20.                 <input type="email" name="email" id="email" placeholder="请输入邮箱" required >
  21.             </div>
  22.             <div>
  23.                 <label>密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码：</label>
  24.                 <input type="password" name="pwd1" id="pwd1" placeholder="请输入密码" required >
  25.             </div>
  26.             <div>
  27.                 <label>密码确认：</label>
  28.                 <input type="password" name="pwd2" id="pwd2" placeholder="请再次输入密码" required >
  29.             </div>
  30.             <div>
  31.                 <button>提&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;交</button>
  32.             </div>
  33.         </div>
  34.   </form>
  35. </body>
  36. </html>
  37. <script>
  38.     // 验证二次密码是否相等?
  39.     function compare() {
  40.         if (document.forms[0].pwd1.value.trim() !== document.forms[0].pwd2.value.trim()) {
  41.             document.querySelector('#tips').innerText = '二次密码不相等';
  42.             return false;
  43.         }
  44.     }
  45. </script>

2.6、hendle.php

代码实例
  1. <?php
  2. // 查询用户表中的数据
  3. $pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=php11', 'root', 'root');
  4. $stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM `users`');
  5. $stmt->execute();
  6. $users = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
  8. // 处理用户登录与注册
  9. $action = $_GET['action'];
  11. switch ( strtolower($action)) {
  12.     // 登录
  13.     case 'login':
  14.         // 判断请求是否合t法
  15.         if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST') {
  16.             // 获取需要验证的数据
  17.             $name = $_POST['name'];
  18.             $password = md5($_POST['password']);
  20.             $results = array_filter($users, function($user) use ($name, $password) {
  21.                 return $user['name'] === $name && $user['password'] === $password;
  22.              });
  24.              if (count($results) === 1) {
  25.                  setcookie('user', serialize(array_pop($results)));
  26.                  exit('<script>alert("验证通过");location.href="index.php"</script>');
  27.              } else {
  28.                 exit('<script>alert("用户名或密码错误");location.href="login.php";</script>'); 
  29.              }
  30.         } else {
  31.             die('请求类型错误');
  32.         }
  33.     break;
  35.     // 退出
  36.     case 'logout':
  37.         if (isset($_COOKIE['user'])) {
  38.             setcookie('user', null , time()-3000);
  39.             exit('<script>alert("退出成功");location.assign("index.php")</script>');
  40.         }
  41.     break;
  43.     // 注册
  44.     case 'register':
  45.         // 1. 获取到所有新用户数据
  46.         $name = $_POST['name'];
  47.         $email = $_POST['email'];
  48.         $password = sha1($_POST['pwd1']);
  49.         $add_time = time();
  51.         // 2. 将新用户插入到表中
  52.         $sql = "INSERT  `users` SET `name`='{$name}', `email`='{$email}', `password`='{$password}', `add_time`={$add_time}";
  53.         $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
  54.         $stmt->execute();
  55.         if ($stmt->rowCount() === 1) exit('<script>alert("注册成功");location.assign("login.php")</script>');
  56.         else exit('<script>alert("注册失败");location.assign("login.php")</script>');
  57.         break;
  59.     // 未定义
  60.     default:
  61.     exit('未定义操作');
  62. }

3、学习总结

本节课我们学习了有关PHP的会话知识，通过本节课的学习使我学会了如何使用SESSION和COOKIE,通过SESSION或者COOKIE来判断用户是否已经登录，有助于以后的实战应用。

Correcting teacher：天蓬老师天蓬老师

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：数据库参数, 数据库的连接方式, 不同的人有不同的想法, 你也可以试试其它方法
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