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Home > List of blog posts > php学习：第19章 细说文件上传原理与实战（单文件、多个单文件、批量文件）
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php学习：第19章 细说文件上传原理与实战（单文件、多个单文件、批量文件）
王小飞
Original
772 people have browsed it

1.单文件上传

代码

  1. <?php
  2. // $_FILES
  3. printf('<pre>%s</pre>', print_r($_FILES, true));
  4. // 自定义上传异常类
  5. class UploadException extends Exception
  6. {
  7.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  8.     public function __toString()
  9.     {
  10.         return <<< UPLOAD
  11.             <style>
  12.             table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  13.             td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  14.             tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  15.             tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  16.             </style>
  17.             <table>
  18.             <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  19.             <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  20.             </table>
  21. UPLOAD;
  22.     }
  23. }
  25. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  26. try {
  27.     // 上传出错的代码 将出错代码保存到变量中
  28.     $errorCode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error'];
  29.     // 判断 出错代码是否大于0
  30.     if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  31.         //如果大于零 则便判断是几
  32.         switch ($errorCode) {
  33.             case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  34.                 throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  35.             break;
  36.             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  37.                 throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  38.                 break;
  39.             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  40.                 throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  41.                 break;
  42.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  43.                 throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  44.                 break;
  45.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  46.                 throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  47.                 break;
  48.             case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  49.                 throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  50.                 break;
  51.             default:
  52.                 // 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响
  53.                 throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  54.         }
  55.     }
  57.     // 判断文件类型
  58.     $fileType = $_FILES['my_pic']['type'];
  59.     if (strstr($fileType, '/', true) == ''){
  60.         echo '请选择要上传的文件';
  61.     }else{
  62.     if (strstr($fileType, '/', true) !== 'image') throw new UploadException('文件类型错误',9);
  63.     } 
  64. } 
  65. catch (UploadException $e) {
  66.     echo $e;
  67. }
  70. ?>
  71. <!DOCTYPE html>
  72. <html lang="en">
  73. <head>
  74.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  75.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  76.     <title>文件上传变量$_FILES</title>
  77. </head>
  78. <body>
  79.     <hr>
  80.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  81.     <fieldset>
  82.         <legend>单文件上传: 异常处理</legend>
  83.         <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000">
  84.         <input type="file" name="my_pic">
  85.         <button>上传</button>
  86.     </fieldset>
  87.     </form>
  88. </body>
  89. </html>

效果：

上传效果：

错误提示：

2.多文件上传

代码

  1. <?php
  2. // $_FILES
  3. printf('<pre>%s</pre>', print_r($_FILES, true));
  4. // 自定义上传异常类
  5. class UploadException extends Exception
  6. {
  7.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  8.     public function __toString()
  9.     {
  10.         return <<< UPLOAD
  11.             <style>
  12.             table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  13.             td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  14.             tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  15.             tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  16.             </style>
  17.             <table>
  18.             <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  19.             <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  20.             </table>
  21. UPLOAD;
  22.     }
  23. }
  25. try {
  26.     // 上传出错的代码 将出错代码保存到变量中
  27.     $errorCode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error'];
  28.     // 判断 出错代码是否大于0
  29.     if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  30.         //如果大于零 则便判断是几
  31.         switch ($errorCode) {
  32.             case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  33.                 throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  34.             break;
  35.             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  36.                 throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  37.                 break;
  38.             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  39.                 throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  40.                 break;
  41.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  42.                 throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  43.                 break;
  44.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  45.                 throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  46.                 break;
  47.             case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  48.                 throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  49.                 break;
  50.             default:
  51.                 // 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响
  52.                 // throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  53.         }
  54.     }
  56.         $fileType = $_FILES['my_pic']['type']['0'];
  57.         if (@strstr($fileType, '/', true) == ''){
  58.             echo '请选择要上传的文件';
  59.         }else{
  60.         if (strstr($fileType, '/', true) !== 'image') throw new UploadException('文件类型错误',9);
  61.         }
  62.         if ($_FILES['my_pic'])
  63.         // 遍历error 健和值
  64.         foreach ($_FILES['my_pic']['error'] as $key => $error) {
  65.             // 判断 error 是否=== 0 
  66.             if ($error === UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  67.             // 获取临时文件名
  68.             $tmpFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'][$key];
  69.             // 获取原始文件名
  70.             $originalFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['name'][$key];
  71.             // 要转移动目录和文件名命名
  72.             $destFileName = 'uploads/'. $originalFileName;
  74.             // 移动文件
  75.             move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName, $destFileName);
  76.             // 预览
  77.             echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  78.             }
  79.         }
  80. }catch (UploadException $e) {
  81.     echo $e;
  82. }
  83. ?>
  84. <!DOCTYPE html>
  85. <html lang="en">
  86. <head>
  87.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  88.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  89.     <title>文件上传变量$_FILES</title>
  90. </head>
  91. <body>
  92.     <hr>
  93.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  94.     <fieldset>
  95.         <legend>多文件上传: 逐个上传(二)</legend>
  96.         <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000">
  97.         <!-- 将name属性值能数组的形式提供 -->
  98.         <input type="file" name="my_pic[]">
  99.         <input type="file" name="my_pic[]">
  100.         <input type="file" name="my_pic[]">
  101.         <button>上传</button>
  102.     </fieldset>
  103.     </form>
  104. </body>
  105. </html>

上传效果：

错误信息：

没有处理好的地方：

3. 批量上传文件

代码

  1. <?php
  2. // $_FILES
  3. printf('<pre>%s</pre>', print_r($_FILES, true));
  4. // 自定义上传异常类
  5. class UploadException extends Exception
  6. {
  7.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  8.     public function __toString()
  9.     {
  10.         return <<< UPLOAD
  11.             <style>
  12.             table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  13.             td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  14.             tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  15.             tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  16.             </style>
  17.             <table>
  18.             <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  19.             <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  20.             </table>
  21. UPLOAD;
  22.     }
  23. }
  25. try {
  26.     // 上传出错的代码 将出错代码保存到变量中
  27.     $errorCode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error']['0'];
  28.     // 判断 出错代码是否大于0
  29.     if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  30.         //如果大于零 则便判断是几
  31.         switch ($errorCode) {
  32.             case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  33.                 throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  34.             break;
  35.             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  36.                 throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  37.                 break;
  38.             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  39.                 throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  40.                 break;
  41.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  42.                 throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  43.                 break;
  44.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  45.                 throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  46.                 break;
  47.             case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  48.                 throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  49.                 break;
  50.             default:
  51.                 // 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响
  52.                 // throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  53.         }
  54.     }
  56.         $fileType = $_FILES['my_pic']['type']['0'];
  57.         if (@strstr($fileType, '/', true) == ''){
  58.             echo '请选择要上传的文件';
  59.         }else{
  60.         if (strstr($fileType, '/', true) !== 'image') throw new UploadException('文件类型错误',9);
  61.         }
  62.         if ($_FILES['my_pic'])
  63.         // 遍历error 健和值
  64.         foreach ($_FILES['my_pic']['error'] as $key => $error) {
  65.             // 判断 error 是否=== 0 
  66.             if ($error === UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  67.             // 获取临时文件名
  68.             $tmpFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'][$key];
  69.             // 获取原始文件名
  70.             $originalFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['name'][$key];
  71.             // 要转移动目录和文件名命名
  72.             $destFileName = 'uploads/'. $originalFileName;
  74.             // 移动文件
  75.             move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName, $destFileName);
  76.             // 预览
  77.             echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  78.             }
  79.         }
  80. }catch (UploadException $e) {
  81.     echo $e;
  82. }
  83. ?>
  84. <!DOCTYPE html>
  85. <html lang="en">
  86. <head>
  87.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  88.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  89.     <title>文件上传变量$_FILES</title>
  90. </head>
  91. <body>
  92.     <hr>
  93.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  94.     <fieldset>
  95.         <legend>多文件上传: 批量上传</legend>
  96.         <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000">
  97.         <!-- 将name属性值能数组的形式提供 -->
  98.         <input type="file" name="my_pic[]" multiple>
  99.         <button>上传</button>
  100.     </fieldset>
  101.     </form>
  102. </body>
  103. </html>

选择效果：

上传效果：

总结：学习了文件上传的流程步骤以及用到哪些函数，但是不怎么懂怎么封装类。

Correcting teacher：天蓬老师天蓬老师

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：不懂封装没关系 , 以后会的, 那是选做
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