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PHP：会话控制，初试前后台数据交互实战
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730 people have browsed it

会话控制

COOKIE会话控制

1.index01.php
<?php
// 判断是否在登录状态
if(isset($_COOKIE[‘user’])) $user = unserialize ($_COOKIE[‘user’]);
?>

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3. <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  5.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  6.     <title>首页</title>
  7.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/index01.css">
  8. </head>
  9. <body>
  10. <nav>
  11.     <a href="index01.php">我的论坛</a>
  12.     <?php if(isset($user)): ?>
  13.         <a href="" id="logout01"><span style="color:red"><?php echo $user['name']?></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;退出</a>
  14.     <?php else: ?>
  15.     <a href="login01.php">登录</a>
  16.     <?php endif ?>
  17. </nav>
  18. </body>
  20. <script>
  21.     //        为退出按钮创建事件监听器
  22.     document.querySelector('#logout01').addEventListener('click', function(event) {
  23.     if (confirm('是否退出')) {
  24.         // 禁用默认行为, 其实就是禁用原<a>标签的点击跳转行为,使用事件中的自定义方法处理
  25.         event.preventDefault();
  26.         // 跳转到退出事件处理器
  27.         window.location.assign('handle01.php?action=logout01');
  28.     }
  29. });
  30. </script>
  31. </html>

演示效果

2.login01.php
<?php
// 判断是否在登录状态
if(isset($_COOKIE[‘user’])) $user = unserialize ($_COOKIE[‘user’]);
?>

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3. <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  5.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  6.     <title>首页</title>
  7.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/index01.css">
  8. </head>
  9. <body>
  10. <nav>
  11.     <a href="index01.php">我的论坛</a>
  12.     <?php if(isset($user)): ?>
  13.         <a href="" id="logout01"><span style="color:red"><?php echo $user['name']?></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;退出</a>
  14.     <?php else: ?>
  15.     <a href="login01.php">登录</a>
  16.     <?php endif ?>
  17. </nav>
  18. </body>
  20. <script>
  21.     //        为退出按钮创建事件监听器
  22.     document.querySelector('#logout01').addEventListener('click', function(event) {
  23.     if (confirm('是否退出')) {
  24.         // 禁用默认行为, 其实就是禁用原<a>标签的点击跳转行为,使用事件中的自定义方法处理
  25.         event.preventDefault();
  26.         // 跳转到退出事件处理器
  27.         window.location.assign('handle01.php?action=logout01');
  28.     }
  29. });
  30. </script>
  31. </html>

演示效果

3.register01.php
<?php
// 判断是否在登录状态
if(isset($_COOKIE[‘user’])) $user = unserialize ($_COOKIE[‘user’]);
?>

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3. <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  5.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  6.     <title>首页</title>
  7.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/index01.css">
  8. </head>
  9. <body>
  10. <nav>
  11.     <a href="index01.php">我的论坛</a>
  12.     <?php if(isset($user)): ?>
  13.         <a href="" id="logout01"><span style="color:red"><?php echo $user['name']?></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;退出</a>
  14.     <?php else: ?>
  15.     <a href="login01.php">登录</a>
  16.     <?php endif ?>
  17. </nav>
  18. </body>
  20. <script>
  21.     //        为退出按钮创建事件监听器
  22.     document.querySelector('#logout01').addEventListener('click', function(event) {
  23.     if (confirm('是否退出')) {
  24.         // 禁用默认行为, 其实就是禁用原<a>标签的点击跳转行为,使用事件中的自定义方法处理
  25.         event.preventDefault();
  26.         // 跳转到退出事件处理器
  27.         window.location.assign('handle01.php?action=logout01');
  28.     }
  29. });
  30. </script>
  31. </html>

演示效果

4.handle01.php
<?php
// 查询用户表中的数据
$pdo = new PDO(‘mysql:host=localhost;dbname=exe0507’,’exe’,’exE123’);
$stmt = $pdo->prepare(‘SELECT * from user1‘);
$stmt->execute();
$heros = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

  1. // 处理用户登录与注册
  2. $action = $_GET['action'];
  3. switch (strtolower($action)){
  4.     // 正常登录
  5.     case 'login01':
  6.         // 判断请求是否合法
  7.         if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST') {
  8.         // 获取需要验证的数据
  9.         $email = $_POST['email'];
  10.         $password = sha1($_POST['password']);          
  11.         $results = array_filter($heros, function($user) use ($email, $password) {
  12.             return $user['email'] === $email && $user['password'] === $password;          
  13.          });
  15.          if (count($results) === 1) {
  16.              setcookie('user', serialize(array_pop($results)));
  17.              exit('<script>alert("验证通过");location.href="index01.php"</script>');
  18.          } else {
  19.             exit('<script>alert("邮箱或密码错误,或者还没有帐号");location.href="login01.php";</script>'); 
  20.          }
  21.         } else {
  22.         die('请求类型错误');
  23.         }
  24.         break;
  26.     // 退出
  27.     case 'logout01':
  28.         if (isset($_COOKIE['user'])) {
  29.             setcookie('user', null , time()-3600);
  30.             exit('<script>alert("退出成功");location.assign("index01.php")</script>');
  31.         }
  32.     break; 
  34.     // 用户注册
  35.     case 'register01':
  36.         // 1. 获取到所有新用户数据
  37.         $name = $_POST['name'];
  38.         $email = $_POST['email'];
  39.         $password = sha1($_POST['ps1']);
  40.         $reg_time = time();
  42.         // 2. 将新用户插入到表中
  43.         $sql = "INSERT `user1` SET `name`='{$name}',`email`='{$email}',`password`='{$password}',`reg_time`={$reg_time} ";
  44.         $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
  45.         $stmt->execute();
  47.         if ($stmt->rowCount() === 1) exit('<script>alert("注册成功");location.assign("login01.php")</script>');
  48.         else exit('<script>alert("注册失败");location.assign("login01.php")</script>');
  49.         break;
  51.     // 未定义
  52.     default:
  53.     exit('未定义操作');
  54. }

演示效果







session会话

1.index01.php
<?php
// 开启会话
session_start();

  1. // 判断是否在登录状态
  2. if(isset($_SESSION['user'])) $user = unserialize ($_SESSION['user']);
  3. ?>
  5. <!DOCTYPE html>
  6. <html lang="en">
  7. <head>
  8.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  9.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  10.     <title>首页</title>
  11.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/index01.css">
  12. </head>
  13. <body>
  14. <nav>
  15.     <a href="index01.php">我的论坛</a>
  16.     <?php if(isset($user)): ?>
  17.         <a href="" id="logout01"><span style="color:red"><?php echo $user['name']?></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;退出</a>
  18.     <?php else: ?>
  19.     <a href="login01.php">登录</a>
  20.     <?php endif ?>
  21. </nav>
  22. </body>
  24. <script>
  25.     //        为退出按钮创建事件监听器
  26.     document.querySelector('#logout01').addEventListener('click', function(event) {
  27.     if (confirm('是否退出')) {
  28.         // 禁用默认行为, 其实就是禁用原<a>标签的点击跳转行为,使用事件中的自定义方法处理
  29.         event.preventDefault();
  30.         // 跳转到退出事件处理器
  31.         window.location.assign('handle01.php?action=logout01');
  32.     }
  33. });
  34. </script>
  35. </html>

2.login01.php
<?php
// 开启会话
session_start();

  1. // 判断是否在登录状态
  2. if(isset($_SESSION['user']))
  3.     exit('<script>alert("请不要重复登录");location.href="index01.php";</script>');
  4. ?>
  6. <!DOCTYPE html>
  7. <html lang="en">
  8. <head>
  9.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  10.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  11.     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/login01.css">
  12.     <title>用户登录</title>
  13. </head>
  14. <body>
  15.     <h3>用户登录</h3>
  16.     <form action="handle01.php?action=login01" method="post">
  17.         <div>
  18.             <label for="">邮箱：</label>
  19.             <input type="email" name="email" id="email"  >
  20.         </div>
  21.         <div>
  22.             <label for="">密码：</label>
  23.             <input type="password" name="password" id="password" pla >   
  24.         </div>
  25.         <div>
  26.             <button type="submit">提交</button>
  27.         </div>
  28.     </form>
  30.     <a href="register01.php">没注册的请点击这里注册吧</a>
  32. </body>
  33. </html>

3.handle01.php
<?php
// 开启会话
session_start();

  1. // 查询用户表中的数据
  2. $pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=exe0507','exe','exE123');
  3. $stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * from `user1`');
  4. $stmt->execute();
  5. $heros = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
  7. // 处理用户登录与注册
  8. $action = $_GET['action'];
  9. switch (strtolower($action)){
  10.     // 正常登录
  11.     case 'login01':
  12.         // 判断请求是否合法
  13.         if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST') {
  14.         // 获取需要验证的数据
  15.         $email = $_POST['email'];
  16.         $password = sha1($_POST['password']);          
  17.         $results = array_filter($heros, function($user) use ($email, $password) {
  18.             return $user['email'] === $email && $user['password'] === $password;          
  19.          });
  21.          if (count($results) === 1) {
  22.              $_SESSION['user'] = serialize(array_pop($results));
  23.              exit('<script>alert("验证通过");location.href="index01.php"</script>');
  24.          } else {
  25.             exit('<script>alert("邮箱或密码错误,或者还没有帐号");location.href="login01.php";</script>'); 
  26.          }
  27.         } else {
  28.         die('请求类型错误');
  29.         }
  30.         break;
  32.     // 退出
  33.     case 'logout01':
  34.         if (isset($_SESSION['user'])) {
  35.             session_destroy();
  36.             exit('<script>alert("退出成功");location.assign("index01.php")</script>');
  37.         }
  38.     break; 
  40.     // 用户注册
  41.     case 'register01':
  42.         // 1. 获取到所有新用户数据
  43.         $name = $_POST['name'];
  44.         $email = $_POST['email'];
  45.         $password = sha1($_POST['ps1']);
  46.         $reg_time = time();
  48.         // 2. 将新用户插入到表中
  49.         $sql = "INSERT `user1` SET `name`='{$name}',`email`='{$email}',`password`='{$password}',`reg_time`={$reg_time} ";
  50.         $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
  51.         $stmt->execute();
  53.         if ($stmt->rowCount() === 1) exit('<script>alert("注册成功");location.assign("login01.php")</script>');
  54.         else exit('<script>alert("注册失败");location.assign("login01.php")</script>');
  55.         break;
  57.     // 未定义
  58.     default:
  59.     exit('未定义操作');
  60. }

register01.php没改动就不贴出代码了。

演示效果








总结：
1.第一次尝试前后台数据传输，心情激动，期待顺利通过！
理想与现实的差别：经过一星期的仿照编码和查错，今天才通过cookie会话整个流程。期间出现编码写错、数据库password选择sha1加密输入出错、数据库重装、phpstudy重装等种种折腾。
2.session会话于cookie会话的区别：
—首先要启动会话session_start();
—变量$_COOKIE改为$_SESSION
—setcookie改为$_SESSION[..]=
—setcookie(‘user’, null , time()-3600);改为session_destroy();
—所以只改动了index01.php、login01.php、handle01.php三个文件。

Correcting teacher：天蓬老师天蓬老师

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：会话检测的流程和思想很重要, 多做总结
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