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PHP：文件上传实战
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728 people have browsed it

单个文件上传

  1. <?php
  3. echo '超全局变量 $_FILES 数组的键值：';
  4. // $file = $_FILES;
  5. printf('<pre>%s</pre>',print_r($_FILES, true));
  6. echo '<hr>';
  8. $filesSize = $_FILES['my_pic']['size'];
  9. echo '允许的尽可能最大的文件上传（以字节为单位）:' . ini_get('upload_max_filesize').'<hr>';
  10. if ($filesSize > 100000000 ) {
  11.     echo '上传文件的大小超过最大限制！'.'<hr>';
  12. }else{
  13.     echo '上传文件的大小小于最大限制！'.'<hr>';
  14. }
  16. if(strstr($_FILES['my_pic']['type'],'/',true) == 'image') {
  17.     echo '上传的文件类型是image！'.'<hr>'; 
  18. }else{
  19.     echo '上传的文件类型不是image！'.'<hr>'; 
  20. }
  22. if (is_uploaded_file($_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'])) echo $_FILES['my_pic']['name'] . '文件上传方式是合法的！'.'<hr>';
  25. // 自定义上传异常类
  26. class UploadException extends Exception
  27. {
  28.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  29.     public function __toString()
  30.     {
  31.         return <<< UPLOAD
  32. <style>
  33. table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  34. td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  35. tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  36. tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  37. </style>
  38. <table>
  39. <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  40. <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  41. </table>
  42. UPLOAD;
  43.     }
  44. }
  46. try{
  47. // 判断文件出错信息
  48. echo '文件状态 : ';
  49. $errcode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error'];
  50. switch($errcode){
  51.     case '0':
  52.         echo '文件上传成功！';
  53.         echo '<hr>';
  54.     break;
  55.     case '1':
  56.         throw new UploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值！',1);
  57.         echo '<hr>';
  58.     break;
  59.     case '2':
  60.         throw new UploadException( '文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值！',2);
  61.         echo '<hr>';
  62.     break;
  63.     case '3':
  64.         throw new UploadException( '文件只有部分被上传！',3);
  65.         echo '<hr>';
  66.     break;
  67.     case '4':
  68.         throw new UploadException( '没有文件上传！',4);
  69.     break;
  70.     case '6':
  71.         throw new UploadException( '文件上传成功找不到临时文件夹！',6);
  72.         echo '<hr>';
  73.     break;
  74.     case '7':
  75.         throw new UploadException( '文件写入失败！',7);
  76.         echo '<hr>';
  77.     break;
  78.     default:
  79.     throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  80. }
  81. // 将文件从临时目录 移动到用户自定义的目标目录中
  82.  // 临时文件名
  83.  $tempFilename = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'];
  85. //  echo $tempFilename;
  86. //  die();
  88.  if(is_uploaded_file($tempFilename)){
  89.      // 原始文件名
  90.      $originalFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['name'];
  91.      echo $originalFileName;
  92.     //  die();
  93.      // 目录文件名
  94.     $destFileName =  'uploads/'.$originalFileName;
  95.     // echo $destFileName;
  96.     // die();
  97.     // 移动文件到目标目录使用的函数
  98.     if (move_uploaded_file($tempFilename, $destFileName)) {
  100.         echo "<p>$originalFileName: 上传成功~~</p>";
  101.         // 预览
  102.         echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  103.     }
  104.  }
  106. }catch (UploadException $e) {
  107.     echo $e;
  108. }
  110. ?>
  112. <!DOCTYPE html>
  113. <html lang="en">
  114. <head>
  115.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  116.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  117.     <title>单个文件上传</title>
  118. </head>
  119. <body>
  120.     <form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
  121.         <fieldset>
  122.     <legend>单个文件上传</legend>
  123.     <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000" >
  124.     <input type="file" name="my_pic" id="my_pic">
  125.     <button type="submit">上传</button>
  126.         </fieldset>
  129.     </form>
  130. </body>
  131. </html>

上传成功的演示效果

上传出错的演示效果

多文件上传（一）：逐个上传

  1. <?php
  2. // echo '超全局变量 $_FILES 数组的键值：';
  3. printf('<pre>%s</pre>',print_r($_FILES, true));
  4. echo '<hr>';
  6. // 自定义上传异常类
  7. class UploadException extends Exception
  8. {
  9.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  10.     public function __toString()
  11.     {
  12.         return <<< UPLOAD
  13. <style>
  14. table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  15. td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  16. tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  17. tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  18. </style>
  19. <table>
  20. <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  21. <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  22. </table>
  23. UPLOAD;
  24.     }
  25. }
  26. try{
  27.     // 判断文件出错信息
  28.     echo '三个文件上传状态 : ';
  29.     foreach($_FILES as $file){
  30.         echo $file['error'];
  31.         // die();
  32.     }
  33.     // $errcode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error'];
  36.     switch($file['error']){
  37.         case '0':
  38.             echo '文件上传成功！';
  39.             echo '<hr>';
  40.         break;
  41.         case '1':
  42.             throw new UploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值！',1);
  43.             echo '<hr>';
  44.         break;
  45.         case '2':
  46.             throw new UploadException( '文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值！',2);
  47.             echo '<hr>';
  48.         break;
  49.         case '3':
  50.             throw new UploadException( '文件只有部分被上传！',3);
  51.             echo '<hr>';
  52.         break;
  53.         case '4':
  54.             throw new UploadException( '没有文件上传！',4);
  55.         break;
  56.         case '6':
  57.             throw new UploadException( '文件上传成功找不到临时文件夹！',6);
  58.             echo '<hr>';
  59.         break;
  60.         case '7':
  61.             throw new UploadException( '文件写入失败！',7);
  62.             echo '<hr>';
  63.         break;
  64.         default:
  65.         throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  66.     }
  68.     foreach($_FILES as $file){
  69.         // 只要判断 error === 0
  70.         if ($file['error'] === 0){
  71.             $destFileName = 'uploads/'.$file['name'];
  72.             echo $destFileName;
  74.             move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'] , $destFileName);
  76.             echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200' >" ;
  77.         } 
  78.     }
  79.     }catch (UploadException $e) {
  80.         echo $e;
  81.     }
  83. ?>
  85. <!DOCTYPE html>
  86. <html lang="en">
  87. <head>
  88.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  89.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  90.     <title>多个文件上传</title>
  91. </head>
  92. <body>
  93.     <form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
  94.         <fieldset>
  95.             <legend>多个文件上传:逐个上传</legend>
  96.             <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000" >
  97.             <input type="file" name="my_pic1" id="my_pic1">
  98.             <input type="file" name="my_pic2" id="my_pic2">
  99.             <input type="file" name="my_pic3" id="my_pic3">
  100.             <button type="submit">上传</button>
  101.         </fieldset>
  102.     </form>
  103. </body>
  104. </html>

上传成功的演示效果

上传出错的演示效果

多个文件上传（二）批量上传

  1. <?php
  2. // echo '超全局变量 $_FILES 数组的键值：';
  3. printf('<pre>%s</pre>',print_r($_FILES, true));
  4. echo '<hr>';
  6. // 自定义上传异常类
  7. class UploadException extends Exception
  8. {
  9.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  10.     public function __toString()
  11.     {
  12.         return <<< UPLOAD
  13. <style>
  14. table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  15. td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  16. tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  17. tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  18. </style>
  19. <table>
  20. <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  21. <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  22. </table>
  23. UPLOAD;
  24.     }
  25. }
  26. try{
  27.     // 判断文件出错信息
  28.     echo '多个文件上传状态 : ';
  29.     foreach($_FILES['my_pic']['error'] as $key=>$error){
  30.         echo $error;
  31.         // die();
  32.     }
  33.     // $errcode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error'];
  36.     switch( $error){
  37.         case '0':
  38.             echo '文件上传成功！';
  39.             echo '<hr>';
  40.         break;
  41.         case '1':
  42.             throw new UploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值！',1);
  43.             echo '<hr>';
  44.         break;
  45.         case '2':
  46.             throw new UploadException( '文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值！',2);
  47.             echo '<hr>';
  48.         break;
  49.         case '3':
  50.             throw new UploadException( '文件只有部分被上传！',3);
  51.             echo '<hr>';
  52.         break;
  53.         case '4':
  54.             throw new UploadException( '没有文件上传！',4);
  55.         break;
  56.         case '6':
  57.             throw new UploadException( '文件上传成功找不到临时文件夹！',6);
  58.             echo '<hr>';
  59.         break;
  60.         case '7':
  61.             throw new UploadException( '文件写入失败！',7);
  62.             echo '<hr>';
  63.         break;
  64.         default:
  65.         throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  66.     }
  68.     if($_FILES['my_pic'])
  69.     foreach($_FILES['my_pic']['error'] as $key=>$error){
  70.         // 只要判断 error === 0
  71.         if ($error === 0){
  72.             $tempFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'][$key];
  73.             $origFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['name'][$key];
  74.             $destFileName = 'uploads/'.$origFileName;
  76.             move_uploaded_file($tempFileName , $destFileName);
  78.             echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200' >" ;
  79.         } 
  80.     }
  81.     }catch (UploadException $e) {
  82.         echo $e;
  83.     }
  85. ?>
  87. <!DOCTYPE html>
  88. <html lang="en">
  89. <head>
  90.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  91.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  92.     <title>多个文件上传</title>
  93. </head>
  94. <body>
  95.     <form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
  96.         <fieldset>
  97.             <legend>多个文件上传:批量上传</legend>
  98.             <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000" >
  99.             <input type="file" name="my_pic[]" id="my_pic" multiple >
  101.             <button type="submit">上传</button>
  102.         </fieldset>
  103.     </form>
  104. </body>
  105. </html>

上传成功的演示效果

上传出错的效果

总结：
1.文件上传有七个配置项，要熟记。
2.单个文件上传：:熟记一个超全局变量：$_FILES
——它是一个二维数组，共有 5 个键名:

序号 键名 描述
1 name 文件在客户端的原始文件名(即存在用户电脑上的文件名)
2 type 文件的 MIME 类型, 由浏览器提供, PHP 并不检查它
3 tmp_name 文件被上传到服务器上之后,在临时目录中临时文件名
4 error 和该文件上传相关的错误代码
5 size 已上传文件的大小(单位为字节)

3.多文件上传
—逐个上传的异常处理有所不同，用了foreach 处理error还是不完美，只能显示三个上传都出错的的画面。
—批量上传：可能代码多，都不能上传效果图了。

Correcting teacher：天蓬老师天蓬老师

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：上传, 想做到完美, 是非常困难的, 但做对不难
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