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JS选项卡与轮播图实战
蔚蓝世纪
Original
754 people have browsed it

一、JS实现选项卡
代码输出效果在线预览：
选项卡效果

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3.   <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  5.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  6.     <title>选项卡</title>
  7.     <style>
  8.       * {
  9.         margin: 0;
  10.         padding: 0;
  11.       }
  12.       a {
  13.         text-decoration: none;
  14.         color: lightseagreen;
  15.       }
  16.       a:hover {
  17.         text-decoration: underline;
  18.         color: red;
  19.       }
  20.       li {
  21.         list-style: none;
  22.       }
  23.       li:hover {
  24.         cursor: default;
  25.       }
  26.       .tabs {
  27.         width: 300px;
  28.         height: 200px;
  29.         margin: 30px;
  30.         background-color: #efefef;
  32.         display: flex;
  33.         flex-direction: column;
  34.       }
  36.       .tab {
  37.         height: 36px;
  38.         display: flex;
  39.       }
  40.       .tab li {
  41.         flex: auto;
  42.         text-align: center;
  43.         line-height: 36px;
  44.         background-color: lightseagreen;
  45.       }
  46.       .tab li.active {
  47.         background-color: #ddd;
  48.       }
  49.       .item {
  50.         padding: 20px;
  51.         display: none;
  52.       }
  53.       .item.active {
  54.         display: block;
  55.       }
  56.     </style>
  57.   </head>
  58.   <body>
  59.     <div class="tabs">
  60.       <!-- 导航 -->
  61.       <ul class="tab">
  62.         <li class="active" data-index="1">声乐</li>
  63.         <li data-index="2">舞蹈</li>
  64.         <li data-index="3">器乐</li>
  65.       </ul>
  67.       <!-- 详情1 -->
  68.       <ul class="item active" data-index="1">
  69.         <li><a href="">美声唱法</a></li>
  70.         <li><a href="">通俗唱法</a></li>
  71.         <li><a href="">民族唱法</a></li>
  72.       </ul>
  74.       <!-- 详情2 -->
  75.       <ul class="item" data-index="2">
  76.         <li><a href="">古典舞</a></li>
  77.         <li><a href="">现代舞</a></li>
  78.         <li><a href="">民族舞</a></li>
  79.       </ul>
  81.       <!-- 详情2 -->
  82.       <ul class="item" data-index="3">
  83.         <li><a href="">古筝</a></li>
  84.         <li><a href="">琵琶</a></li>
  85.         <li><a href="">扬琴</a></li>
  86.       </ul>
  87.     </div>
  89.     <script>
  90.       // 导航:事件委托
  91.       var tab = document.querySelector(".tab");
  92.       // 获取列表
  93.       var items = document.querySelectorAll(".item");
  94.       // 给导航绑定点击事件
  95.       tab.addEventListener("click", show, false);
  96.       // 给导航绑定鼠标移动事件
  97.       tab.addEventListener("mouseover", show, false);
  98.       // 事件回调函数
  99.       function show(ev) {
  100.         console.log(ev.target);
  101.         // 1. 清空导航原有的激活状态
  102.         ev.target.parentNode.childNodes.forEach(function (item) {
  103.           if (item.nodeType === 1) item.classList.remove("active");
  104.         });
  106.         // 2. 将当前用户正在点击的导航设置为激活状态
  107.         ev.target.classList.toggle("active");
  109.         // 3. 清空列表原有的激活状态
  110.         items.forEach(function (item) {
  111.           item.classList.remove("active");
  112.         });
  114.         // 4. 在列表中查询data-index与导航的data-index相等的内容,将它设置为激活
  115.         items.forEach(function (item) {
  116.           if (item.dataset.index === ev.target.dataset.index)
  117.             item.classList.add("active");
  118.         });
  119.       }
  120.     </script>
  121.   </body>
  122. </html>

输出效果：

二、JS实现轮播图
代码输出效果在线预览
轮播图效果

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3.   <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  5.     <title>轮播图</title>
  6.     <style>
  7.       ul,
  8.       li {
  9.         margin: 0;
  10.         padding: 0;
  11.         list-style: none;
  12.       }
  14.       .box {
  15.         /*定位父级*/
  16.         position: relative;
  17.         width: 1000px;
  18.         height: 350px;
  19.         margin: 0 auto;
  20.       }
  22.       .box .slider {
  23.         width: 1000px;
  24.         height: 350px;
  25.         display: none;
  26.       }
  28.       .box .slider.active {
  29.         display: block;
  30.       }
  32.       .box .point-list {
  33.         position: absolute;
  34.         /*绝对定位的环境下的水平居中方式*/
  35.         left: 50%;
  36.         margin-left: -38px;
  37.         top: 310px;
  38.       }
  40.       .box .point-list .point {
  41.         display: inline-block;
  42.         width: 12px;
  43.         height: 12px;
  44.         margin: 0 5px;
  45.         background-color: white;
  46.         border-radius: 100%;
  47.       }
  49.       .box .point-list .point.active {
  50.         background-color: black;
  51.       }
  53.       .box .point-list .point:hover {
  54.         cursor: pointer;
  55.       }
  57.       .skip {
  58.         position: absolute;
  59.         top: 140px;
  60.         display: inline-block;
  61.         width: 40px;
  62.         height: 80px;
  63.         text-align: center;
  64.         line-height: 80px;
  65.         background-color: lightgray;
  66.         color: white;
  67.         opacity: 0.2;
  68.         font-size: 36px;
  69.       }
  71.       .box .prev {
  72.         left: 0;
  73.       }
  75.       .box .next {
  76.         right: 0;
  77.       }
  79.       .box .skip:hover {
  80.         cursor: pointer;
  81.         opacity: 0.5;
  82.         color: black;
  83.       }
  84.     </style>
  85.   </head>
  87.   <body>
  88.     <div class="box">
  89.       <img
  90.         src="banner/banner1.jpg"
  91.         alt=""
  92.         data-index="1"
  93.         class="slider active"
  94.       />
  95.       <img src="banner/banner2.jpg" alt="" data-index="2" class="slider" />
  96.       <img src="banner/banner3.jpg" alt="" data-index="3" class="slider" />
  97.       <img src="banner/banner4.jpg" alt="" data-index="4" class="slider" />
  99.       <div class="point-list">
  100.         <!-- <span class="point active" data-index="1"></span>
  101.         <span class="point" data-index="2"></span>
  102.         <span class="point" data-index="3"></span> -->
  103.       </div>
  105.       <span class="skip prev">&lt;</span>
  106.       <span class="skip next">&gt;</span>
  107.     </div>
  109.     <script>
  110. // 获取轮播图片组
  111.       var imgs = document.querySelectorAll("img");
  112.       var pointList = document.querySelector(".point-list");
  113. // 动态生成小圆点
  114.       imgs.forEach(function (img, index) {
  115.         var span = document.createElement("span");
  116.         if (index === 0) span.classList.add("point", "active");
  117.         span.classList.add("point");
  118. // 将小圆点与当前显示的图片的索引进行关联
  119.         span.dataset.index = img.dataset.index;
  120.         pointList.appendChild(span);
  121.       });
  123. // 为了正确的设置小圆点高亮显示, 这里需要获取到所有的小圆点
  124.       var points = document.querySelectorAll(".point");
  126. // 事件代理/委托: 给小圆点添加点击事件
  127.       pointList.addEventListener(
  128.         "click",
  129.         function (ev) {
  130.           console.log(ev.target);
  131.           imgs.forEach(function (img) {
  132.             if (img.dataset.index === ev.target.dataset.index) {
  133.               imgs.forEach(function (img) {
  134.    img.classList.remove("active"); //移除原来图片上的激活样式
  135.               });
  137.    img.classList.add("active"); // 设置当前图片的激活样式
  139. // 公共函数: 设置小圆点当前的高亮, 必须与图片一一对应, 或者同步
  140.       setPointActive(img.dataset.index);
  141.             }
  142.           });
  143.         },
  144.         false
  145.       );
  147. // 公共函数:setPointActive
  148.       function setPointActive(imgIndex) {
  149. // 清除原来的所有的小圆点上的高亮激活样式
  150.         points.forEach(function (point) {
  151.           point.classList.remove("active");
  152.         });
  154.         points.forEach(function (point) {
  155.           if (point.dataset.index === imgIndex) point.classList.add("active");
  156.         });
  157.       }
  159. // 获取翻页按钮
  160.       var skip = document.querySelectorAll(".skip");
  162. // 添加事件
  163.       skip.item(0).addEventListener("click", skipImg, false);
  164.       skip.item(1).addEventListener("click", skipImg, false);
  166. // 翻页事件回调skipImg
  167.       function skipImg(ev) {
  168. // 遍历并找到当前正在显示的图片
  169.         var currentImg = null;
  170.         imgs.forEach(function (img) {
  171.           if (img.classList.contains("active")) currentImg = img;
  172.         });
  174. // 1. 判断是否是点击了显示前一张
  175.         if (ev.target.classList.contains("prev")) {
  176.           currentImg.classList.remove("active");
  177.           currentImg = currentImg.previousElementSibling;
  178.           console.log(currentImg);
  180. // 如果存在前一张
  181.           if (currentImg !== null && currentImg.nodeName === "IMG")
  182. // 将当前图片显示
  183.             currentImg.classList.add("active");
  184.           else {
  185. //否则就显示最后一张,形成循环
  186.             currentImg = imgs[imgs.length - 1];
  187.             currentImg.classList.add("active");
  188.           }
  189.         }
  191. // 2. 判断是否是点击了显示下一张
  192.         if (ev.target.classList.contains("next")) {
  193.           currentImg.classList.remove("active");
  194.           currentImg = currentImg.nextElementSibling;
  195.           console.log(currentImg);
  197. // 如果存在前一张
  198.           if (currentImg !== null && currentImg.nodeName === "IMG")
  199. // 将当前图片显示
  200.             currentImg.classList.add("active");
  201.           else {
  202. //否则就显示最后一张,形成循环
  203.             currentImg = imgs[0];
  204.             currentImg.classList.add("active");
  205.           }
  206.         }
  208. // 公共函数: 设置小圆点当前的高亮, 必须与图片一一对应, 同步
  209.         setPointActive(currentImg.dataset.index);
  210.       }
  212. //获取整个轮播图
  213.       var box = document.querySelector(".box");
  215. //创建定时器
  216.       var timer = null;
  218. // 1. 当鼠标移出轮播图区域时, 启动定时器,每2秒自动切换图片
  219.       box.addEventListener("mouseout", startTimer, false);
  220. // 2. 当鼠标移入轮播图区域时,清除定时器,由用户点击操作
  221.       box.addEventListener("mouseover", clearTimer, false);
  223. // 启动定时器
  224.       function startTimer() {
  225.         var click = new Event("click");
  226.         //setInterval(): 间歇式执行
  227.         setInterval(function () {
  228.           skip.item(1).dispatchEvent(click);
  229.         }, 2000);
  230.       }
  232. // 清除定时器
  233.       function clearTimer() {
  234.         clearInterval(timer);
  235.       }
  236.     </script>
  237.   </body>
  238. </html>

输出效果：

三、总结
平时浏览网页常见的选项卡和轮播图效果，原来实现起来的步骤确实简单，但是切记每实现一个步骤的代码要及时打印检查，及时纠正，之前学习过的零散知识点，只是死记着，做案例时才明白原来是要用在哪里。真的是理论来源于实践，实践反过来又验证了理论。

Correcting teacher：天蓬老师天蓬老师

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：轮播图点击后, 定时器顺序混乱了,检查一下为什么? 不过, 整体来说, 完成的相当棒, 其实理解了原理和流程, 实现起来并不难, 对不对?
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