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PHP基础：单文件上传、多文件上传、批量上传
暴宇
Original
1710 people have browsed it

PHP基础：单文件上传、多文件上传、批量上传

1.单文件上传

  1. // 自定义上传异常类
  2. class UploadException extends Exception
  3. {
  4.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  5.     public function __toString()
  6.     {
  7.         return <<< UPLOAD
  8. <style>
  9. table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  10. td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  11. tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  12. tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  13. </style>
  14. <table>
  15. <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  16. <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  17. </table>
  18. UPLOAD;
  19.     }
  20. }
  22. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  23. try {
  24.     // 上传出错的代码
  25.     $errorCode = $_FILES['my_pic']['error'];
  26.     if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  27.         switch ($errorCode) {
  28.             case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  29.                 throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  30.             break;
  31.             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  32.                 throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  33.                 break;
  34.             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  35.                 throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  36.                 break;
  37.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  38.                 throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  39.                 break;
  40.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  41.                 throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  42.                 break;
  43.             case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  44.                 throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  45.                 break;
  46.             default:
  47.                 // 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响
  48.                 throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  49.         }
  50.     }
  52.     // 判断文件类型
  53.     $fileType = $_FILES['my_pic']['type'];
  54.     if (strstr($fileType, '/', true) !== 'image') throw new UploadException('文件类型错误',9);
  56.     // 将文件从临时目录 移动到用户自定义的目标目录中
  57.  // 临时文件名
  58.     $tempFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'];
  59.     if (is_uploaded_file($tempFileName)) {
  62.         // 原始文件名
  63.         $originalFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['name'];
  64.         // 目录文件名
  65.        $destFileName =  'uploads/'.md5(time().mt_rand(1,1000)).strstr($originalFileName, '.');
  66.        // 移动文件到目标目录使用的函数
  67.         if (move_uploaded_file($tempFileName, $destFileName)) {
  69.             echo "<p>$originalFileName: 上传成功~~</p>";
  70.             // 预览
  71.             echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  72.         }
  73.     }
  74. } catch (UploadException $e) {
  75.     echo $e;
  76. }
  78. ?>
  79. <!DOCTYPE html>
  80. <html lang="en">
  81. <head>
  82.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  83.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  84.     <title>文件上传变量$_FILES</title>
  85. </head>
  86. <body>
  87.     <hr>
  88.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  89.     <fieldset>
  90.         <legend>单文件上传: 异常处理</legend>
  91.         <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000">
  92.         <input type="file" name="my_pic">
  93.         <button>上传</button>
  94.     </fieldset>
  95.     </form>
  96. </body>
  97. </html>

上传成功运行效果：

上传错误运行效果：

2.多文件上传

  1. <?php
  3. class UploadException extends Exception
  4. {
  5.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  6.     public function __toString()
  7.     {
  8.         return <<< UPLOAD
  9. <style>
  10. table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  11. td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  12. tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  13. tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  14. </style>
  15. <table>
  16. <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  17. <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  18. </table>
  19. UPLOAD;
  20.     }
  21. }
  22. try {
  23.     foreach ($_FILES as $file) {
  24.     // 上传出错的代码
  25.     $errorCode = $file['error'];
  26.     if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  27.         switch ($errorCode) {
  28.             case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  29.                 throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  30.             break;
  31.             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  32.                 throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  33.                 break;
  34.             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  35.                 throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  36.                 break;
  37.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  38.                 throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  39.                 break;
  40.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  41.                 throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  42.                 break;
  43.             case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  44.                 throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  45.                 break;
  46.             default:
  47.                 // 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响
  48.                 throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  49.         }
  50.     }
  52.     // 只要判断 error === 0 
  53.     if ($file['error'] === 0) {
  54.         // 判断文件类型
  55.         // print_r($file) ;
  56.     $fileType = $file['type'];
  57.     if (strstr($fileType, '/', true) !== 'image') throw new UploadException('文件类型错误',9);
  58.         $tempFileName = $file['tmp_name'];
  59.     if (is_uploaded_file($tempFileName)) {
  60.         // 原始文件名
  61.         $originalFileName = $file['name'];
  62.         // 目录文件名
  63.        $destFileName =  'uploads/'.md5(time().mt_rand(1,1000)).strstr($originalFileName, '.');
  64.        // 移动文件到目标目录使用的函数
  65.         if (move_uploaded_file($tempFileName, $destFileName)) {
  66.             echo "<p>$originalFileName: 上传成功~~</p>";
  67.             // 预览
  68.             echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  69.         }
  70.     }
  72.     }
  73. }
  76. } catch (UploadException $e) {
  77.     echo $e;
  78. }
  81. ?>
  82. <!DOCTYPE html>
  83. <html lang="en">
  84. <head>
  85.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  86.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  87.     <title>文件上传变量$_FILES</title>
  88. </head>
  89. <body>
  90.     <hr>
  91.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  92.     <fieldset>
  93.         <legend>多文件上传: 逐个上传(一)</legend>
  94.         <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000">
  95.         <input type="file" name="my_pic1">
  96.         <input type="file" name="my_pic2">
  97.         <input type="file" name="my_pic3">
  98.         <button>上传</button>
  99.     </fieldset>
  100.     </form>
  101. </body>
  102. </html>

多文件上传成功运行效果：

多文件上传错误运行效果：

3.多文件批量上传

  1. <?php
  2. class UploadException extends Exception
  3. {
  4.     // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  5.     public function __toString()
  6.     {
  7.         return <<< UPLOAD
  8. <style>
  9. table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  10. td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  11. tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;}
  12. tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  13. </style>
  14. <table>
  15. <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  16. <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  17. </table>
  18. UPLOAD;
  19.     }
  20. }
  21. try {
  22. if ($_FILES['my_pic'])
  23. // print_r($_FILES['my_pic']);
  24. foreach ($_FILES['my_pic']['error'] as $key => $error) {
  25.     // 只要判断 error === 0 
  26.     // 上传出错的代码
  27.     $errorCode=$_FILES['my_pic']['error'][$key];
  28.     if ($error === UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  29.     // 临时文件名
  30.       $tmpFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'][$key];
  31.       // 原始文件名
  32.       $originalFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['name'][$key];
  33.        // 目标文件名
  34.        $destFileName = 'uploads/'. $originalFileName;
  36.        // 移动文件
  37.        move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName, $destFileName);
  38.        // 预览
  39.        echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  40.     }else{
  41.         switch ($error) {
  42.             case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  43.                 throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  44.             break;
  45.             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  46.                 throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  47.                 break;
  48.             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  49.                 throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  50.                 break;
  51.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  52.                 throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  53.                 break;
  54.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  55.                 throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  56.                 break;
  57.             case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  58.                 throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  59.                 break;
  60.             default:
  61.                 // 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响
  62.                 // throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  63.         }
  64.     }
  65.     // if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  66.     //     switch ($errorCode) {
  67.     //         case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  68.     //             throw new UploadException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  69.     //         break;
  70.     //         case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  71.     //             throw new UploadException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  72.     //             break;
  73.     //         case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  74.     //             throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  75.     //             break;
  76.     //         case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  77.     //             throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  78.     //             break;
  79.     //         case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  80.     //             throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  81.     //             break;
  82.     //         case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  83.     //             throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  84.     //             break;
  85.     //         default:
  86.     //             // 测试时建议关掉default: 避免误报影响
  87.     //             // throw new UploadException('未知类型错误', 8);
  88.     //     }
  89.     // }else{
  91.     // }
  92.     // if ($error === UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  93.     //   // 临时文件名
  94.     //   $tmpFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['tmp_name'][$key];
  95.     //   // 原始文件名
  96.     //   $originalFileName = $_FILES['my_pic']['name'][$key];
  97.     //    // 目标文件名
  98.     //    $destFileName = 'uploads/'. $originalFileName;
  100.     //    // 移动文件
  101.     //    move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName, $destFileName);
  102.     //    // 预览
  103.     //    echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  104.     // }
  105. }
  106. } catch (UploadException $e) {
  107.     echo $e;
  108. }
  110. ?>
  111. <!DOCTYPE html>
  112. <html lang="en">
  113. <head>
  114.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  115.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  116.     <title>文件上传变量$_FILES</title>
  117. </head>
  118. <body>
  119.     <hr>
  120.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  121.     <fieldset>
  122.         <legend>多文件上传: 批量上传</legend>
  123.         <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="3000000">
  124.         <!-- 将name属性值能数组的形式提供 -->
  125.         <input type="file" name="my_pic[]" multiple>
  126.         <button>上传</button>
  127.     </fieldset>
  128.     </form>
  129. </body>
  130. </html>

多文件批量上传成功运行效果：

多文件批量上传错误运行效果：

总结

1.文件的上传流程

选择文件->上传到临时目录->转存到指定目录->反馈是否上传成功

2.文件的上传限制

限制文件大小、限制文件类型、限制上传方式、限制上传数量等等，主要是保证服务器的安全及正常运行

3.文件上传的错误处理

目的是根据错误代号友好的反馈给用户

Correcting teacher：天蓬老师天蓬老师

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：非常完整， 认真
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