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布局案例

1.1

1.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>基于浮动的二列布局</title>
    <style>
        header,
        footer,
        aside,
        main{
            background-color: cornflowerblue;
        }
        header,
        footer{
            height: 50px;
        }
        aside,
        main{
            min-height: 400px;
        }
        .wrap{
            width: 1000px;
            border: 1px solid #000;
            overflow: hidden;
            margin: 10px auto;
        }
        aside{
            width: 200px;
            float: left;
        }
        main{
            width: 790px;
            float: right;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>NO1.基于浮动的二列布局</h2>
    <header>页眉</header>
    <div class="wrap">
        <aside>侧边栏</aside>
        <main>主体区</main>
    </div>
    <footer>页脚</footer>
</body>
</html>

2.1

2.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>基于定位的二列布局</title>
    <style>
        header,
        footer,
        aside,
        main{
            background-color: cornflowerblue;
        }
        header,
        footer{
            height: 50px;
        }
         .wrap{
            width: 1000px;
            min-height:500px;
            border: 1px solid #000;
             margin: 10px auto;
             /* 定位父级 */
             position: relative;
        }
        aside{
            width: 200px;  
            min-height: inherit;
            position: absolute;
            top:0;
            left:0;       
        }
        main{
            width: 790px;  
            min-height: inherit;
            background-color:lightblue;
            position: absolute;
            top:0;
            right:0;       
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>NO2.基于定位的二列布局</h2>
    <header>页眉</header>
    <div class="wrap">
        <aside>侧边栏</aside>
        <main>主体区</main>
    </div>
    <footer>页脚</footer>
</body>
</html>

3.1

3.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>内容的多栏显示</title>
    <style>
        初始化
        *{
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        :root {
            font-size: 16px;
            color: lightsalmon;
        }
        div{
            border:1px solid lightblue;
            padding: 1rem;
            width: 60rem;
            margin:10px auto;
        }
        div{
            /* 分列显示 */
            column-count:3;
            /* column-rule-style:solid; */
            /* column-rule-width: 1px; */
            /* column-rule-color: red; */
            column-rule:1px solid red;            
        }
        header{
            color:blue;
            font-size: 1.3rem;
         }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <header>NO3.内容的多栏显示</header>
    <div>
        【环球网报道】《港区国安法》正式生效后，香港特区维护国家安全委员会及警务处国家安全处随即成立。香港《东方日报》3日消息称，香港保安局局长李家超表示，国安处要面对国家级对手，故由副处长领导，职级是警队六处中最高，凸显其重要地位。李家超透露，一旦处理涉及危害国家安全的恐怖主义活动，国安处可动用其他部门配合，包括“飞虎队”及拆弹专家等，保安局则负责统筹及协调政府各部门及各纪律部队的国安工作，包括海关及入境处，严防危险品及目标人物进入香港。
    </div>
</body>
</html>

4.1

4.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>三列布局</title>
    <style>
        header,
        footer{
            height: 40px;
            background-color: lightsalmon;
        }
        .container{
            width: 1000px;
            margin:10px atuo;
            border:1px solid red;
            /* 分为三列 */
            column-count: 3;
        }
        aside{
            background-color: lightseagreen;
            min-height: 600px;
        }
        main{
            background-color: limegreen;
            min-height: 600px;
        }
        main{
            column-span:2;
            min-height: 600px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>NO4.三列布局</h2>
    <header>header</header>
    <div class="container">
        <aside>left</aside>
        <main>main</main>
        <aside>right</aside>
    </div>
    <footer>footer</footer>
</body>
</html>

5.1

5.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>flexbox弹性盒子布局快速预览</title>
    <style>
        .container{
            width: 300px;
            /* 如果这个容器中的内容要使用lexbox布局，第一步就是必须将此容器转为弹性盒子 */
            /* 弹性容器 */
            display: flex;
        }
        .container > .item{
            /* 一旦将父元素转为弹性容器，内部的子元素会自动成为弹性项目 */
            /* 不管这个项目标签是什么类型，统统转为“行内块” */
            /* 行内：全部一排显示 */
            /* 块：可以摄制组宽，高 */                       
            /* flex:auto; */
            /* width: 60px; */
            /* width: 50; */
            width:120px;
        }
        /* 换行显示 ,多行元素*/
        .container{
            flex-wrap: wrap;
        }
/* 主轴，交叉轴（又名侧轴，列轴，辅助轴） */
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO5.flexbox弹性盒子布局快速预览</h5>
<div class="container">
    <div class="item">1</div> 
    <span class="item" >2</span>
   <a class="item">3</a>
   <a class="item">4</a>
   <a class="item">5</a>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

6.1

6.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>flexbox弹性盒子多行容器</title>
    <style>
        .container{
            width: 300px;
            /* 如果这个容器中的内容要使用lexbox布局，第一步就是必须将此容器转为弹性盒子 */
            /* 弹性容器 */
            display: flex;
        }
        .container > .item{
            /* 一旦将父元素转为弹性容器，内部的子元素会自动成为弹性项目 */
            /* 不管这个项目标签是什么类型，统统转为“行内块” */
            /* 行内：全部一排显示 */
            /* 块：可以摄制组宽，高 */                       
            /* flex:auto; */
            /* width: 60px; */
            /* width: 50; */
            width:120px;
        }
        /* 换行显示 ,多行元素*/
        /* 显示，火狐页面右键-查看元素-查看器-flex */
        .container{
            flex-wrap: wrap;
        }
/* 主轴，交叉轴（又名侧轴，列轴，辅助轴） */
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO6.flexbox弹性盒子多行容器</h5>
<div class="container">
<div class="item">1</div>
<div class="item">2</div>
<div class="item">3</div>
<div class="item">4</div>
<div class="item">5</div>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

7.1

7.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>单行容器中的项目对齐方式</title>
    <style>
        .container {
            width: 300px;
             /* 显示，火狐页面右键-查看元素-查看器-flex */
            display: flex;
            /* justify-content: 控制所有项目在主轴上的对齐方式; */
            /* 本质是：设置容器中的剩余空间在所有“项目之间”的分配方案 */
            /* 1.容器剩余空间在所有项目“二边”的如何分配，将全部项目视为一个整体 */
            justify-content: flex-start;
            justify-content: flex-end;
            justify-content: center;
            /* 2.容器剩余空间在所有项目“之间”的如何分配 ，将项目视为一个个独立的个体*/
             /* 两端对齐： */
             justify-content: space-between;
             /* 分散对齐：剩余空间在所有项目的两侧平均分配，中间间距是两端间距的2倍*/
             justify-content: space-around;
             /* 所有项目平均分配，空间数=项目数+1 */
             justify-content: space-evenly;
        }
        .container > .item{
            width: 60px;
        }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO.7 单行容器中的项目对齐方式</h5>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="item">1</div>
        <div class="item">2</div>
        <div class="item">3</div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

8.1

8.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>多行容器中的项目对齐方式</title>
    <style>
        .container {
            width: 300px;
            /* 显示，火狐页面右键-查看元素-查看器-flex */
            display: flex;
        /* 多行显示 */
             flex-wrap: wrap;
             height: 120px;
             /* align-content: 设置多行容器中的项目排列; */
              /* 1.容器剩余空间在所有项目“二边”的如何分配，将全部项目视为一个整体 */
             align-content:stretch; 
             align-content: flex-start;
             align-content: flex-end;
             align-content: center;
             /* 2.容器剩余空间在所有项目“之间”的如何分配 ，将项目视为一个个独立的个体*/
             align-content: space-between;
             align-content: space-around;
             align-content: space-evenly;
        } 
         .container > .item{
            width: 60px;
        }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO.8 多行容器中的项目对齐方式</h5>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="item">1</div>
        <div class="item">2</div>
        <div class="item">3</div>
        <div class="item">11</div>
        <div class="item">12</div>
        <div class="item">13</div>
        <div class="item">21</div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

9.1

9.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>NO.9 主轴垂直时的项目排列</title>
    <style>
        .container {
            width: 300px;
            height: 150px;
            /* 显示，火狐页面右键-查看元素-查看器-flex */
            display: flex;
            /* 主轴的方向，默认为行 */
            flex-direction: row;
               /* 主轴的方向为列 */
            flex-direction: column;
            /* 项目两边分配 */
            justify-content: space-between;
             justify-content: space-around;
             justify-content: space-evenly;
             /* 项目之间分配 */
             /* align-content: space-between; */
             /* align-content: space-around; */
             align-content: space-evenly;
        }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO.9 主轴垂直时的项目排列</h5>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="item">1</div>
        <div class="item">2</div>
        <div class="item">3</div>                           
    </div>
</body>
</html>

10.1

10.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>NO10.交叉轴的项目排列</title>
    <style>
        .container {
            width: 300px;
            height: 150px;
            display:flex;
            /* 项目在交叉轴上是自动伸缩的 */
            align-items:stretch ;
            align-items:normal;
            align-items:flex-start;
            align-items:flex-end;
            align-items:center;
        }
        .container > .item{
            width: 60px;
        }   
 </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO10.交叉轴的项目排列</h5>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="item">1</div>
        <div class="item">2</div>
        <div class="item">3</div>                           
    </div>
</body>
</html>

11.1

11.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>NO11.主轴方向与项目排列的简写</title>
    <style>
        .container {
            width: 300px;
            height: 50px;
            display:flex;
            /* 默认值，不用写出来 */
            /* flex-direction: row; */
            /* flex-wrap: nowrap; */
            /* flex-flow: row nowrap; */
            flex-flow: column wrap;
            flex-flow: column nowrap;
        }
           .container > .item{
            width: 60px;
        }        
  </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO11.主轴方向与项目排列的简写</h5>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="item">1</div>
        <div class="item">2</div>
        <div class="item">3</div>  
        <div class="item">1</div>
         <div class="item">2</div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

12.1

12.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>NO12.flex容器属性实战：快速来一个主导航</title>
    <style>
        *{
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        a {
         text-decoration: none;
         color:red;
        }
         nav{
             height: 40px;
             background-color: lightblue;
             padding: 0 50px;
             /* 转为弹性盒布局 */
             display:flex;
         }
          nav a{
              height: inherit;
              line-height: 40px;
              padding: 0 15px;
          }
          nav a:hover{
              background-color: seagreen;
              color:white;
          }
          /* 登录注册放在最右边 */
          nav a:last-of-type{
              margin-left:auto;
          }
         </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO12.flex容器属性实战：快速来一个主导航</h5>
    <header>
        <nav>
         <a href="">主页</a>
         <a href="">教学视频</a>
         <a href="">社区问答</a>
         <a href="">资源下载</a>
         <a href="">登录/注册</a>                                                       
        </nav>
    </header>
</body>
</html>

13.1

13.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>NO.13 项目属性：order控制项目顺序</title>
    <style> 
 .container {
     width: 300px;
     display: flex;
 }
 .container > .item{
     width: 60px;
 }
 .container> .item:last-of-type{
     /* order:默认是0 */
     order:3;
 }
 .container> .item:last-of-type{
    /* order:默认是0 */
    order:6;
}
   </style> 
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO.13 项目属性：order控制项目顺序</h5>
       <div class="container">
        <div class="item">1</div>
        <div class="item">2</div>
        <div class="item">3</div>
        <div class="item">4</div>
     </div>                                           
 </body>
</html>

14.1

14.2

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>NO.14 order案例：调整元素顺序</title>
    <style> 
 .container {
     width: 300px;
     display: flex;
     flex-direction: column;
     /* position: relative; */
 }
 .container > .item{
     border: 1px solid #000;
     padding: 10px;
     display: flex;
     position: relative;
      }
      .container> .item>div{
        display: flex;
      }
   </style> 
</head>
<body>
    <h5>NO.14 order案例：调整元素顺序</h5>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="item">
            image-1.jpg &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
        <div>
            <button onclick="up(this)">up</button> 
            <button onclick="down(this)">down</button>
        </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            image-2.jpg &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
        <div>
            <button onclick="up(this)">up</button> 
            <button onclick="down(this)">down</button>
        </div>
        </div>     
        <div class="item">
            image-3.jpg   &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;         
        <div>
            <button onclick="up(this)">up</button> 
            <button onclick="down(this)">down</button>
        </div>
        </div>
     </div>  
     <script>
         let up=(ele)=>(ele.offsetParent.style.order -= 1);
         let down= (ele)=>(ele.offsetParent.style.order += 1);
     </script>                                         
 </body>
</html>

Correcting teacher：

Guanhui

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：写的很好！flex是页面布局的一大利器，另外有的代码没有用代码块框起来，注意一下！

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1 comments

武 2020-07-08 18:59:57

好的，改过来了。谢谢老师！

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