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单文件上传和多文件上传
lilove的博客
Original
1237 people have browsed it

单文件上传

  • 单文件完整代码：
  1. <?php
  2. // 自定文件上传异常处理类
  3. class UploadException extends Exception
  4. {
  5.     public function __toString()
  6.     {
  7.         return <<< UPLOAD
  8.         <style>
  9.             table {text-align:center;border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse;}
  10.             th,td {padding:5px;border:1px solid black;}
  11.             tr:hover {background-color:rgb(240,240,240);}
  12.             td {color:coral;}
  13.         </style>
  14.         <table>
  15.             <tr>
  16.                 <th>编号</th>
  17.                 <th>信息</th>
  18.                 <th>文件</th>
  19.                 <th>行号</th>
  20.             </tr>
  21.             <tr>
  22.                 <td>$this->code</td>
  23.                 <td>$this->message</td>
  24.                 <td>$this->file</td>
  25.                 <td>$this->line</td>
  26.             </tr>
  27.         </table>
  28. UPLOAD;
  29.     }
  30. }
  32. // 捕捉异常
  33. try {
  34.     // 对错误编码的判断
  35.     $errorCode = $_FILES['img']['error'] ?? null;
  37.     // 使用系统常量进行判断
  38.     if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  39.         switch ($errorCode) {
  40.             case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  41.                 throw new uploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值', 1);
  42.                 break;
  43.             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  44.                 throw new UploadException('文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值', 2);
  45.                 break;
  46.             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  47.                 throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  48.                 break;
  49.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  50.                 throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  51.                 break;
  52.             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  53.                 throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  54.                 break;
  55.             case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  56.                 throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  57.                 break;
  58.             default:
  59.                 throw new UploadException('未知错误', 8);
  60.         }
  61.     }
  63.     // 文件类型检查
  64.     // 原始文件名
  65.     $fileType = $_FILES['img']['type'] ?? null;
  66.     // 切割字符串strstr(),获取文件类型
  67.     $type = strstr($fileType, '/', true);
  68.     if (!is_null($fileType)) {
  69.         if ($type !== 'image') {
  70.             throw new UploadException('文件类型错误', 9);
  71.         }
  72.     }
  74.     // 上传方式检查
  75.     // 临时文件名
  76.     $tmpFileName = $_FILES['img']['tmp_name'] ?? null;
  77.     // 临时文件是存在的，并且是POST上传
  78.     if ($tmpFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmpFileName)) {
  79.         // 将文件从临时目录移到目标目录move_uploaded_file(临时文件名,目标文件名)
  80.         // 原始文件名
  81.         $originalFileName = $_FILES['img']['name'] ?? null;
  82.         // 文件扩展名
  83.         $extension = strstr($originalFileName, '.');
  84.         // 目标文件名加密
  85.         $destFileName = 'uploads/' . md5(time() . mt_rand(1, 1000)) . strstr($originalFileName, '.');
  86.         if (move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName, $destFileName)) {
  87.             echo '<p>' . $_FILES['img']['name'] . ':文件上传成功' . '</p>';
  88.             // 上传成功后预览
  89.             echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  90.         }
  91.     }
  92. } catch (UploadException $e) {
  93.     echo $e;
  94. }
  96. ?>
  98. <!DOCTYPE html>
  99. <html lang="zh-cn">
  101. <head>
  102.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  103.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  104.     <title>文件上传成功后从临时目录移到目标目录</title>
  105. </head>
  107. <body>
  108.     <!-- 上传文件必须的表单属性：method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" -->
  109.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  110.         <fieldset>
  111.             <legend>单文件上传</legend>
  112.             <!-- 隐藏域设置上传文件大小必须写到文件上传标签前面 -->
  113.             <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="1000000">
  114.             <input type="file" name="img" id="">
  115.             <button type="submit">提交上传</button>
  116.         </fieldset>
  117.     </form>
  118. </body>

  • 运行效果：

  • 上传成功：

  • 上传失败：

多文件上传

  • 多文件完整代码
  1. <?php
  2. // 自定文件上传异常处理类
  3. class UploadException extends Exception
  4. {
  5.     public function __toString()
  6.     {
  7.         return <<< UPLOAD
  8.         <style>
  9.             table {text-align:center;border:1px solid black;border-collapse:collapse;}
  10.             th,td {padding:5px;border:1px solid black;}
  11.             tr:hover {background-color:rgb(240,240,240);}
  12.             td {color:coral;}
  13.         </style>
  14.         <table>
  15.             <tr>
  16.                 <th>编号</th>
  17.                 <th>信息</th>
  18.                 <th>文件</th>
  19.                 <th>行号</th>
  20.             </tr>
  21.             <tr>
  22.                 <td>$this->code</td>
  23.                 <td>$this->message</td>
  24.                 <td>$this->file</td>
  25.                 <td>$this->line</td>
  26.             </tr>
  27.         </table>
  28. UPLOAD;
  29.     }
  30. }
  32. // 捕获异常
  33. try {
  34.     // 遍历上传文件
  35.     foreach ($_FILES as $file) {
  36.         // print_r($file);
  38.         // 对错误编码的判断
  39.         $errorCode = $file['error'] ?? null;
  41.         // 使用系统常量进行判断
  42.         if ($errorCode > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
  43.             switch ($errorCode) {
  44.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  45.                     throw new uploadException('文件超过`php.ini`中`upload_max_filesize`值', 1);
  46.                     break;
  47.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  48.                     throw new UploadException('文件大小超过表单中`MAX_FILE_SIZE`指定的值', 2);
  49.                     break;
  50.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  51.                     throw new UploadException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  52.                     break;
  53.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  54.                     throw new UploadException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  55.                     break;
  56.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  57.                     throw new UploadException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  58.                     break;
  59.                 case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  60.                     throw new UploadException('文件写入失败', 7);
  61.                     break;
  62.                 default:
  63.                     throw new UploadException('未知错误', 8);
  64.             }
  65.         }
  67.         // 文件类型检查
  68.         // 原始文件名
  69.         $fileType = $file['type'] ?? null;
  71.         // 切割字符串strstr(),获取文件类型
  72.         $type = strstr($fileType, '/', true);
  73.         if (!is_null($fileType)) {
  74.             if ($type !== 'image') {
  75.                 throw new UploadException('文件类型错误', 9);
  76.             }
  77.         }
  79.         // 上传方式检查
  80.         // 临时文件名
  81.         $tmpFileName = $file['tmp_name'] ?? null;
  82.         // 临时文件是存在的，并且是POST上传
  83.         if ($tmpFileName && is_uploaded_file($tmpFileName)) {
  84.             // 将文件从临时目录移到目标目录move_uploaded_file(临时文件名,目标文件名)
  85.             // 原始文件名
  86.             $originalFileName = $file['name'] ?? null;
  87.             // 文件扩展名
  88.             $extension = strstr($originalFileName, '.');
  89.             // 目标文件名加密
  90.             $destFileName = 'uploads/' . md5(time() . mt_rand(1, 1000)) . strstr($file['name'], '.');
  91.             if (move_uploaded_file($tmpFileName, $destFileName)) {
  92.                 echo '<p>' . $originalFileName . ':文件上传成功' . '</p>';
  93.                 // 上传成功后预览
  94.                 echo "<img src='{$destFileName}' width='200'>";
  95.             }
  96.         }
  97.     }
  98. } catch (UploadException $e) {
  99.     echo $e;
  100. }
  102. ?>
  104. <!DOCTYPE html>
  105. <html lang="zh-cn">
  107. <head>
  108.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  109.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  110.     <title>多文件上传</title>
  111. </head>
  113. <body>
  114.     <!-- 上传文件必须的表单属性：method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" -->
  115.     <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  116.         <fieldset>
  117.             <legend>多文件上传</legend>
  118.             <!-- 隐藏域设置上传文件大小必须写到文件上传标签前面 -->
  119.             <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="1000000">
  120.             <!-- 多文件的name属性值不能一样 -->
  121.             <input type="file" name="img1" id="">
  122.             <input type="file" name="img2" id="">
  123.             <input type="file" name="img3" id="">
  124.             <hr>
  125.             <button type="submit">提交上传</button>
  126.         </fieldset>
  127.     </form>
  128. </body>

  • 运行效果

  • 上传成功（必须全部上传成功）：

  • 上传失败（只要失败一个文件所有都无法上传）：

总结

1.前端隐藏域限制文件大小要放在上传表单前面；
2.后端也要验证文件大小及类型；
3.多文件上传的表单 name 属性值不能一样；
4.文件上传要用 POST 方式；
5.上传成功后的文件名要用加密方式区别开，以防同名文件重复上传覆盖。

Correcting teacher：天蓬老师天蓬老师

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：挺好 的
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