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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head><body><ul class="list"><li>item1</li><li>item2</li><li>item3</li><li>item4</li><li>item5</li><li>item6</li></ul><script>//获取元素const items = document.querySelectorAll('.list>*')items.forEach(ele=>ele.style.color='blue')const item = document.querySelector('.list > *')item.style.border ='1px solid red'</script><script>let list = document.querySelector('.list')//获取所有子节点let node = list.childNodes//获取所有子元素节点let childNode = list.children//获取第一个元素let firstNode = list.firstElementChildfirstNode.style.color = 'yellow'//获取后一个元素let nextNode = list.querySelector(':first-child + *')nextNode.style.color='green'//获取最后一个元素let lastNode = list.lastElementChildlastNode.style.color = 'lightgreen'//获取前一个元素let prevNode = lastNode.previousElementSiblingprevNode.style.color = 'black'//获取父节点let parentNode = lastNode.parentNodeparentNode.style.border = '1px solid blue'</script></body></html>