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固定定位：模态框
愿情的博客
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1.html

模态框

  1. <!DOCTYPE html>
  2. <html lang="en">
  3.   <head>
  4.     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  5.     <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
  6.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  7.     <title>固定定位实战：模态框</title>
  8.     <link rel="stylesheet" href="modal.css" />
  9.   </head>
  10.   <body>
  11.     <header>
  12.       <!-- 页眉 -->
  13.       <h2>我的网站</h2>
  14.       <button>登录</button>
  15.     </header>
  17.     <div class="modal">
  18.       <!-- 半透明的蒙版遮罩盖住模态框弹层的后面内容 -->
  19.       <div class="modal-backdrop"></div>
  21.       <!-- 主体 -->
  22.       <div class="modal-body">
  23.         <!-- 关闭按钮 -->
  24.         <button class="close">关闭</button>
  26.         <form action="" method="POST">
  27.           <table>
  28.             <caption>
  29.               用户登录
  30.             </caption>
  31.             <tr>
  32.               <td><label for="usernamel">账号</label></td>
  33.               <td><input type="username" name="usernamel" id="username" /></td>
  34.             </tr>
  36.             <tr>
  37.               <td><label for="password">密码</label></td>
  38.               <td><input type="password" name="password" id="password" /></td>
  39.             </tr>
  41.             <tr>
  42.               <td><label for="email">邮箱</label></td>
  43.               <td><input type="email" name="email" id="email" /></td>
  44.             </tr>
  46.             <tr>
  47.               <td><button>登录</button></td>
  48.             </tr>
  49.           </table>
  50.         </form>
  51.       </div>
  52.     </div>
  53.     <script src="modal.js"></script>
  54.   </body>
  55. </html>

2 css

  1. /* 初始化 */
  2. * {
  3.   margin: 0;
  4.   padding: 0;
  5.   box-sizing: border-box;
  6. }
  8. /* 页眉 */
  9. header {
  10.   background-color: #dedede;
  11.   padding: 0.5em 2em;
  12.   overflow: hidden;
  13. }
  14. header h2 {
  15.   float: left;
  16. }
  17. header button {
  18.   float: right;
  19.   width: 10em;
  20.   height: 2.5em;
  21. }
  22. header button:hover {
  23.   cursor: pointer;
  24.   background-color: azure;
  25. }
  27. /* 模态框 */
  29. /* 遮罩 */
  30. .modal .modal-backdrop {
  31.   /* 蒙版必须将弹层的后面全部盖住，意味着与容器大小一样 */
  32.   position: fixed;
  33.   top: 0;
  34.   left: 0;
  35.   right: 0;
  36.   bottom: 0;
  37.   background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  38. }
  39. /* 模态框主体 */
  40. .modal .modal-body {
  41.   border: 1px solid #000;
  42.   padding: 1em;
  43.   min-width: 20em;
  44.   background-color: lightcyan;
  45.   background: linear-gradient(to right, lightcyan, #fff);
  46.   /* 将一个块在另一个块中垂直居中 */
  47.   position: fixed;
  48.   top: 5em;
  49.   left: 30em;
  50.   right: 30em;
  51. }
  53. .modal .modal-body form {
  54.   width: 80%;
  55. }
  56. .modal .modal-body form caption {
  57.   font-weight: bolder;
  58.   margin-bottom: 1em;
  59. }
  61. .modal .modal-body form td {
  62.   padding: 0.5em;
  63. }
  64. .modal .modal-body form table td:first-of-type {
  65.   width: 5em;
  66. }
  67. .modal .modal-body form input {
  68.   width: 20em;
  69.   height: 2em;
  70. }
  71. .modal {
  72.   position: relative;
  73. }
  74. .modal .modal-body .close {
  75.   position: absolute;
  76.   right: 1em;
  77.   width: 4eem;
  78.   height: 2em;
  79. }
  80. .modal button:hover {
  81.   cursor: pointer;
  82.   background-color: azure;
  83. }
  84. /* 当页面刚打开的时候，应该将弹窗隐藏 */
  85. .modal {
  86.   display: none;
  87. }

3.js

  1. const btn = document.querySelector("header button");
  2. const modal = document.querySelector(".modal");
  3. const close = document.querySelector(".close");
  5. btn.addEventListener("click", setModal, false);
  6. close.addEventListener("click", setModal, false);
  8. function setModal(ev) {
  9.   ev.preventDefault();
  10.   let status = window.getComputedStyle(modal, null).getPropertyValue("display");
  11.   modal.style.display = status === "none" ? "block" : "none";
  12. }
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