设置最小临界宽度以及不同的样式以实现页面样式根据宽度变化
CSS
<style>
body {
background-color: burlywood;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 400px) {
body {
background-color: cadetblue;
font-size: 20px;
}
}
@media screen and (min-width: 600px) {
body {
background-color: darkblue;
font-size: 30px;
}
}
</style>
宽度 <400px时,
400px< 宽度 <600px时,
宽度 >600px时,
设置容器 display: grid
会把项目转为块元素(flex是转为行内)
/* 1. grid 容器 */
.container {
/* 转为网格容器 */
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
border: 1px solid #000;
padding: 0.5rem;
}
.container>.item {
border: 1px solid;
background-color: lightsteelblue;
padding: 0.5rem;
}
默认
设置为grid布局,3列, 宽度自适应
设置行数,行高
/* 1. grid 容器 */
.container {
/* 转为网格容器 */
display: grid;
/* 3 columns */
grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
/* 2 rows */
grid-template-rows: 5em 5em;
border: 1px solid #000;
padding: 0.5rem;
}
设置网格间隙
.container {
border: 1px solid #000;
padding: 0.5rem;
/* 转为网格容器 */
display: grid;
/* 轨道列宽 3 columns */
grid-template-columns: auto auto auto;
/* 轨道行高 2 rows */
grid-template-rows: 5em 5em;
/* 轨道间隙 水平 垂直*/
gap: 0.5em;
}
(可与其他单位共同使用,总-固定值)
.container {
border: 1px solid #000;
padding: 0.5rem;
/* 转为网格容器 */
display: grid;
/* 轨道列宽 3 columns */
/* grid-template-columns: auto auto auto; */
grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr 1fr;
/* 轨道行高 2 rows */
grid-template-rows: 5em 5em;
/* 轨道间隙 水平 垂直*/
gap: 0.5em;
}
注:repeat与()间不能有空格
repeat(列数,宽度)
repeat(3, 10em)
repeat(3, 10em 2em)
/* grid-template-columns: 10em 10em 10em; */
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 10em);
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 10em 2em);
minmax(最小宽度,最大宽度)
设置前minmax前
grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr 1fr;
设置minmax(30em, 2fr)后
grid-template-columns: 1fr minmax(30em, 2fr) 1fr;
项目数量 > 行*列
grid-auto-flow: row;(默认)
默认行优先,即项目先水平排列,空间不够再换行
grid-auto-flow: column
列优先,即项目先垂直排列
例:
容器有9个item
<div class="container">
<div class="item">item1</div>
<div class="item">item2</div>
<div class="item">item3</div>
<div class="item">item4</div>
<div class="item">item5</div>
<div class="item">item6</div>
<div class="item">item7</div>
<div class="item">item8</div>
<div class="item">item9</div>
</div>
设置grid 布局
.container {
display: grid;
border: 1px solid;
padding: 0.5em;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
grid-template-rows: 5em 5em;
}
.container>.item {
background-color: lightsteelblue;
border: 1px solid;
padding: 0.5em;
}
效果 (item7,8,9在隐式轨道上)
设置grid-auto-flow: column;
grid-auto-rows
设置隐式轨道行的高度
设置grid-auto-rows:5em 后,高度与前面的item相同
.container {
display: grid;
border: 1px solid;
padding: 0.5em;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
grid-template-rows: 5em 5em;
/* grid-auto-flow: column; */
grid-auto-rows: 5em;
}
grid-auto-columns
设置隐式轨道列的宽度
设置grid-auto-columns:1fr 后,宽度与前面的item相同
.container {
display: grid;
border: 1px solid;
padding: 0.5em;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
grid-template-rows: 5em 5em;
grid-auto-flow: column;
grid-auto-columns: 1fr;
}
grid-area: 行起始编号/列起始编号/行结束编号/列结束编号
将下图中item5变色并放到item9的位置
.container>.item:nth-of-type(5) {
background-color: yellow;
grid-area: 2/2/3/3;
grid-area: 3/3/4/4;
}
.container>.item:nth-of-type(5) {
background-color: yellow;
/* grid-area: 2/2/3/3; */
grid-area: 2/2;
/* grid-area: 3/3/4/4; */
grid-area: 3/3;
}
.container>.item:nth-of-type(5) {
background-color: yellow;
/* grid-area: 2/2/3/3; */
grid-area: 2/2;
/* grid-area: 3/3/4/4; */
grid-area: 3/3;
grid-area: 2/2/4/4;
}
也可用:
span 跨越行数
(span 1 可用auto代替)
.container>.item:nth-of-type(5) {
background-color: yellow;
/* grid-area: 2/2/3/3; */
grid-area: 2/2;
/* grid-area: 3/3/4/4; */
grid-area: 3/3;
/* grid-area: 2/2/4/4; */
grid-area: 2/2/span 2/span 2;
/* 简写: */
/* grid-area: span 2/span 2; */
}
前提:设置了宽高,每个项目在其单元格中有剩余空间
place-items: 垂直对齐方式 水平对齐方式;
(默认值place-items:stretch; 不设置宽高有效)
.container {
/* place-items: 垂直对齐方式 水平对齐方式; */
place-items: start center;
}
place-self: 垂直对齐方式 水平对齐方式;
.container>.item:nth-of-type(6) {
place-self: end center;
}
place-content: 垂直对齐方式 水平对齐方式;
.container {
display: grid;
background-color: lightyellow;
height: 25em;
border: 1px solid;
padding: 0.5em;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 10em);
grid-template-rows: 5em 5em;
gap: 0.5em;
grid-auto-rows: 5em;
/* grid-auto-flow: column; */
/* grid-auto-columns: 1fr; */
place-content: end center;
}
place-content: space-between space-between
.container {
place-content: space-between space-between;
}
在容器中写出命名的布局:
body {
height: 20em;
display: grid;
/* grid-template-rows: 15em 1fr 15em; */
grid-template-rows: 15em minmax(50vw, auto) 15em;
grid-template-columns: 3em minmax(50vh, auto) 3em;
gap: 0.5em;
grid-template-areas:
"h h h"
"l m r"
"f f f";
}
header {
grid-area: h;
}
footer {
grid-area: f;
}
main {
grid-area: m;
}
aside.left {
grid-area: l;
}
aside.right {
grid-area: r;
}
以一行为起点,将其平分为12份,控制每个项目所占的列数(份)实现
例:
HTML
<body>
<div class="container">
<!-- 先定义行 -->
<!-- 1 -->
<div class="row">
<span class="item col-12">col12</span>
</div>
<!-- 2 -->
<div class="row">
<span class="item col-6">col6</span>
<span class="item col-6">col6</span>
</div>
<!-- 3 -->
<div class="row">
<span class="item col-4">col6</span>
<span class="item col-4">col6</span>
<span class="item col-4">col6</span>
</div>
<!-- 2:10 -->
<div class="row">
<span class="item col-2">col6</span>
<span class="item col-10">col6</span>
</div>
</div>
</body>
CSS
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
display: grid;
place-content: center;
}
.container {
min-width: 80vw;
display: grid;
gap: 0.5em;
}
.container > .row {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr);
min-height: 3em;
gap: 0.5em;
}
.container > .row > .item {
padding: 1em;
border: 1px solid;
}
.col-12 {
grid-area: auto / span 12;
}
.col-11 {
grid-area: auto / span 11;
}
.col-10 {
grid-area: auto / span 10;
}
.col-9 {
grid-area: auto / span 9;
}
.col-8 {
grid-area: auto / span 8;
}
.col-7 {
grid-area: auto / span 7;
}
.col-6 {
grid-area: auto / span 6;
}
.col-5 {
grid-area: auto / span 5;
}
.col-4 {
grid-area: auto / span 4;
}
.col-3 {
grid-area: auto / span 3;
}
.col-2 {
grid-area: auto / span 2;
}
.col-1 {
grid-area: auto / span 1;
}