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css伪类选择器
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:first-of-type的用法

  • 类型中的第一个,字面意思比较好记,前面要有一个冒号。

    1. <!-- 伪类 -->
    2. <ul class="list">
    3. <span>aaa</span>
    4. <li>item1</li>
    5. <li>item2</li>
    6. <li>item3</li>
    7. <li>item4</li>
    8. <li>item5</li>
    9. <li>item6</li>
    10. <p>asdf</p>
    11. <p>asdf</p>
    12. <p>asdf</p>
    13. <li>item7</li>
    14. <li>item8</li>
    15. </ul>
    16. <style>
    17. .list > li:first-of-type {
    18. background-color: yellow;
    19. }
    20. .list > p:first-of-type {
    21. background-color: red;
    22. }
    23. </style>

  • 如果不限定标签,例如: .list :first-of-type,那么表示的就是所有类型的第一个。

    1. <!-- 伪类 -->
    2. <ul class="list">
    3. <p>aaa</p>
    4. <p>bbb</p>
    5. <p>ccc</p>
    6. <li>item1</li>
    7. <li>item2</li>
    8. <li>item3</li>
    9. <li>item4</li>
    10. <li>item5</li>
    11. <li>item6</li>
    12. <li>item7</li>
    13. <li>item8</li>
    14. </ul>
    15. <style>
    16. .list :first-of-type {
    17. background-color: #888;
    18. }
    19. </style>


:nth-of-type()的用法

  • 这个比:first-of-type()更灵活。如果:first-of-type(-2)能够选中倒数第2个就更人性化了,设计了first-last-of-type(2)表示倒数第2个,有点多余。

    1. <!-- 伪类 -->
    2. <ul class="list">
    3. <span>aaa</span>
    4. <li>item1</li>
    5. <li>item2</li>
    6. <li>item3</li>
    7. <li>item4</li>
    8. <li>item5</li>
    9. <li>item6</li>
    10. <li>item7</li>
    11. <li>item8</li>
    12. </ul>
    13. <style>
    14. .list > li:nth-of-type(3) {
    15. background-color: #888;
    16. }
    17. </style>

——

伪类选择器的参数**:nth-of-type(an+b)

  • a为0表示匹配单个
  • a为1表示匹配一组
  • a为2表示匹配奇偶位置的元素
  1. 举例:nth-of-type(n+3)
  2. n从零开始取值,自动递增,n+3则为345…… ;匹配3-end
  3. -n+3321.匹配前三个
  1. <ul class="list">
  2. <li>item1</li>
  3. <li>item2</li>
  4. <li class="three">item3</li>
  5. <li>item4</li>
  6. <li>item5</li>
  7. <li>item6</li>
  8. <li>item7</li>
  9. <li>item8</li>
  10. </ul>
  11. <style>
  12. .list .three,
  13. .list .three ~ * {
  14. background-color: red;
  15. }
  16. .list > :nth-of-type(n + 3) {
  17. background-color: blue;
  18. }
  19. </style>

  1. 举例:nth-of-type(2n) 表示偶数 语法糖:even
  2. nth-of-type(2n+1) 表示奇数 语法糖:odd
  1. <ul class="list">
  2. <li>item1</li>
  3. <li>item2</li>
  4. <li class="three">item3</li>
  5. <li>item4</li>
  6. <li>item5</li>
  7. <li>item6</li>
  8. <li>item7</li>
  9. <li>item8</li>
  10. </ul>
  11. <style>
  12. .list .three,
  13. .list .three ~ * {
  14. background-color: red;
  15. }
  16. .list > :nth-of-type(2n + 3) {
  17. background-color: blue;
  18. }
  19. .list > :nth-of-type(odd):hover {
  20. background-color: cyan;
  21. }
  22. </style>

伪类小例子,单选按钮选中后label变色

  1. <input type="radio" name="sex" id="m" /><label for="m"></label>
  2. <input type="radio" name="sex" id="fem" /><label for="fem"></label>
  3. <style>
  4. input:checked + label {
  5. color: red;
  6. }
  7. button {
  8. width: 150px;
  9. height: 30px;
  10. border: none;
  11. background-color: palegoldenrod;
  12. color: brown;
  13. }
  14. button:hover {
  15. background-color: coral;
  16. cursor: pointer;
  17. }
  18. </style>

Correcting teacher:PHPzPHPz

Correction status:qualified

Teacher's comments:
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