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PHP基础 -（五）include,require,类,访问限制符
CY明月归
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作业内容：
1. 文件包括的本质与作用域,实例演示;

  1. <?php
  2. //使用require加载通用部分
  3. //require 和 include 几乎完全一样，除了处理失败的方式不同之外。
  4. //require 在出错时产生 E_COMPILE_ERROR 级别的错误。
  5. //换句话说将导致脚本中止而 include 只产生警告（E_WARNING），脚本会继续运行。 
  6. require __DIR__ . '/mysite/header.php';
  8. $content = <<<body
  9. <h1 style ="background:gray;color:white;height:300px;text-align:center">this is a content</h1>
  10. body;
  11. echo $content;
  12. require __DIR__ . '/mysite/footer.php';
2. 将课堂上讲到的所有关键字,全部实例演示一遍class/new/extends/public/private/protected/interface/abstruct…

  1. class User{
  2. //访问限制符:
  3. //1. private: 私有,仅限在当前类中使用
  4.     private $myname = 'zolo';
  5.     public function sayHello(){
  6.         return $this->myname;
  7.     }
  8. }
  9. //如果一个类没有构造函数，以及构造函数的参数不是必填项时，括号就可以省略
  10. $u = new User;
  11. //打印zolo
  12. echo  $u->sayHello();
  13. class User{
  14.     private $myname = 'zolo';
  15.     private $a;
  16.     public function sayHello(){
  17.         return $this->myname;
  18.     }
  19.     public function __construct($args){
  20.         $this->myname = $args;
  21.     }
  22.     public function printa(){
  23.         //在方法内赋值
  24.         return $this->a = 'zolo2';
  25.     }
  26. }
  27. //重新给myname赋值
  28. $u = new User('zolo1');
  29. //打印zolo1
  30. echo  $u->sayHello();
  31. //打印zolo2
  32. echo  $u->printa();
  34. /**
  35.  * 类的扩展/抽象/最终
  36.  * 1. protected: 受保护/可继承
  37.  * 2. extends: 扩展/继承
  38.  * 3. parent: 父类引用
  39.  * 4. abstract: 抽象
  40.  * 5. final: 最终类
  41.  */
  42. class Person{
  43.     // public: 类中,子类, 类外都可见
  44.     public $str = 'yes ! I am public';
  45.     // private: 私有, 仅限当前类, 子类,外部都不可见
  46.     private $num = 9999;
  47.     // protected: 成员可继承,可以在子类中使用
  48.     protected $canwalk = 'yes ! preson can walk';
  49.     protected $name;
  51.     public function __construct($arg)
  52.     {
  53.         //给protected $name赋值
  54.         $this->name = $arg;
  55.     }
  56.     protected function getInfo(){
  57.         return $this->name;
  58.     }
  59. }
  60. class Student extends Person{
  61.     private $score;
  62.     public function __construct($name,$score)
  63.     {
  64.         // 引用了父类的构造方法
  65.         // parent: 父类引用 Person
  66.         parent::__construct($name);
  67.         $this->score = $score;
  68.     }
  69.     public function getStuInfo(){
  70.         return '调用父类方法：'.parent::getInfo().'<br>';
  71.     }
  72.     public function getScore(){
  73.         return $this->name.'同学的成绩是'.$this->score.'<br>';
  74.     }
  75.     public function getFatherStr(){
  76.         return '调用父类属性'.$this->canwalk.'<br>';
  77.      }
  78. }
  79. // $a = new Stu('NAMEA');
  80. // echo $a->getInfo(); potected改成public就能在类外访问
  81. $zolo = new Student('zolo',100);
  82. echo $zolo->getStuInfo();
  83. echo $zolo->getScore();
  84. echo $zolo->getFatherStr();
  85. // var_dump打印属性
  86. //var_dump($zolo);
  87. //美化打印
  88. printf('<pre>%s</pre>',print_r($zolo,true));
  91. // 抽象类必须通过继承/扩展的子类来间接实例化,不能直接使用
  92. abstract class Demo{
  94. }
  95. class D extends Demo{
  97. }
  98. $d = new D;
  99. //echo get_parent_class($d);//打印Demo
  101. //抽象方法: 只有方法名,参数列表,没有具体实现(大括号);
  102. //任何一个类，如果它里面至少有一个方法是被声明为抽象的，那么这个类就必须被声明为抽象的
  103. abstract class E{
  104.     abstract protected function hello($arg);
  105. }
  106. class F extends E{
  107.     public function hello($arg){
  108.         return  'Hello,abstract function implement:'.$arg.'<br>';
  109.     }
  110. }
  111. //call_user_func( callable $callback [, mixed $... ]): mixed
  112. echo call_user_func([new F,'hello'],'zolo');
  114. //final 关键字通过在定义方法和常量之前加上 final 来防止被子类覆盖
  115. //如果一个类被声明为 final，则不能被继承。 
  116. //为了防止被继承, 可声明为最终类
  117. final class G{
  119. }
  120. // 声明会报错
  121. // class H extends G{
  122. // }
  124. interface userPay{
  125.     // 1. 类常量
  126.     const PAYKEY = 'zolo';
  127.     // 2. 必须是抽象,必须是public
  128.     public function weChat();
  129.     public function aliPay();
  130. }
  131. interface userBank{
  132.     public function zsBank();
  133. }
  134. class testPay implements userPay,userBank{
  135.     public function weChat(){}
  136.     public function aliPay(){}
  137.     public function zsBank(){}
  138. }
  139. printf('<pre>%s</pre>',print_r(class_implements('testPay'),true));
Correcting teacher：PHPzPHPz

Correction status：qualified

Teacher's comments：
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