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php+redis消息队列实现抢购功能
php开发大牛
Original
820 people have browsed it

本文实例为大家分享了php+redis消息队列实现抢购的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下

实现功能: 

1. 基于redis队列,防止高并发的超卖 
2. 基于mysql的事务加排它锁,防止高并发的超卖

基于redis队列工作流程: 

1. 管理员根据goods表中的库存,创建redis商品库存队列 
2. 客户端访问秒杀API 
3. web服务器先从redis的商品库存队列中查询剩余库存重点内容 
4. redis队列中有剩余,则在mysql中创建订单,去库存,抢购成功 
5. redis队列中没有剩余,则提示库存不足,抢购失败重点内容

基于mysql事务和排它锁工作流程: 

1. 开启事务 
2. 查询库存,并显示的设置写锁(排他锁):SELECT * FROM goods WHERE id = 1 FOR UPDATE 
3. 生成订单 
4. 去库存,隐示的设置写锁(排他锁):UPDATE goods SET counts = counts – 1 WHERE id = 1 
5. commit,释放锁 

注意:第二步步可以设置共享锁,不然有可能会造成死锁。

代码:

<?php
/**********************************************
* 抢购模块
*
* @author liubin
* @date 2016-02-10
*
* ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://192.168.16.73/Seckill/buy.php
*
*/
class seckill extends common
{

private $_orderModel = null;
private $_goodsModel = null;
private $_redis = null;
/*
 * 错误信息
*/
protected $_error = '';
/**
 * 构造器
 *
*/
public function __construct()
{
 if($this->_orderModel === null){
  $this->_orderModel = new OrderModel();
 }
 if($this->_goodsModel === null){
  $this->_goodsModel = new GoodsModel();
 }
 if($this->_redis === null){
  $this->_redis = new QRedis();
 }
}
/*
 * 秒杀API
 *
 * @author liubin
 * @date 2017-02-10
*/
public function addQsec(){
 $gid = intval($_GET['gid']);
 $type = isset($_GET['type']) ? $_GET['type'] : 'mysql';
 switch ($type) {
  case 'mysql':
   $this->order_check_mysql($gid);
   echo $this->getError();
   break;
  case 'redis':
   $this->order_check_redis($gid);
   echo $this->getError();
   break;
  case 'transaction':
   $this->order_check_transaction($gid);
   echo $this->getError();
   break;
  default:
   echo '类型错误';
   break;
 }
}
/*
 * 获取错误信息
 *
 * @author liubin
 * @date 2017-02-10
*/
public function getError(){
 return $this->_error;
}
/*
 * 基于mysql验证库存信息
 * @desc 高并发下会导致超卖
 *
 * @author liubin
 * @date 2017-02-10
*/
protected function order_check_mysql($gid){


 $model = $this->_goodsModel;
 $pdo = $model->getHandler();
 $gid = intval($gid);

 /*
  * 1:$sql_forlock如果不加事务,不加写锁:
  * 超卖非常严重,就不说了
  *
  * 2:$sql_forlock如果不加事务,只加写锁:
  * 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加写锁,第一个会话$sql_forlock查询结束会释放该行锁.
  * 第二个会话在第一个会话释放后读$sql_forlock的写锁时,会再次$sql_forlock查库存
  * 导致超卖现象产生
  *
 */
 $sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 for update';
 //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1';
 $result = $pdo->query($sql_forlock,PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
 $goodsInfo = $result->fetch();

 if($goodsInfo['counts']>0){

  //去库存
  $gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
  $sql_inventory = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
  $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql_inventory);
  if($result){
   //创订单
   $data    = [];
   $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
   $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
   $data['addtime'] = time();
   $data['uid']  = 1;
   $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);
   if($order_rs){
    $this->_error = '购买成功';
    return true;
   }
  }
 }

 $this->_error = '库存不足';
 return false;

}
/*
 * 基于redis队列验证库存信息
 * @desc Redis是底层是单线程的,命令执行是原子操作,包括lpush,lpop等.高并发下不会导致超卖
 *
 * @author liubin
 * @date 2017-02-10
*/
protected function order_check_redis($gid){
 $goodsInfo = $this->_goodsModel->getGoods($gid);
 if(!$goodsInfo){
  $this->_error = '商品不存在';
  return false;
 }
 $key = 'goods_list_'.$goodsInfo['id'];
 $count = $this->_redis->getHandel()->lpop($key);
 if(!$count){
  $this->_error = '库存不足';
  return false;
 }
 //生成订单
 $data    = [];
 $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
 $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
 $data['addtime'] = time();
 $data['uid']  = 1;
 $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);

 //库存减少
 $gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
 $sql = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
 $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql);
 $this->_error = '购买成功';
 return true;
}
/*
 * 基于mysql事务验证库存信息
 * @desc 事务 和 行锁 模式,高并发下不会导致超卖,但效率会慢点
 * @author liubin
 * @date 2017-02-10


 说明:
 如果$sql_forlock不加写锁,并发时,$sql_forlock查询的记录存都大于0,可以减库存操作.
 如果$sql_forlock加了写锁,并发时,$sql_forlock查询是等待第一次链接释放后查询.所以库存最多就是5

*/
protected function order_check_transaction($gid){

 $model = $this->_goodsModel;
 $pdo = $model->getHandler();
 $gid = intval($gid);

 try{
  $pdo->beginTransaction();//开启事务处理


  /*
   * 1:$sql_forlock如果只加事务,不加写锁:
   * 开启事务
   * 因为没有加锁,读$sql_forlock后,并发时$sql_inventory之前还可以再读。
   * $sql_inventory之后和commit之前才会锁定
   * 出现超卖跟事务的一致性不冲突
   *
   *
   * 2:$sql_forlock如果加了事务,又加读锁:
   * 开启事务
   * 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加读锁,并发时,第二个会话也允许获得$sql_forlock的读锁,
   * 但是在第一个会话执行去库存操作时(写锁),写锁便会等待第二个会话的读锁,第二个会话执行写操作时,写锁便会等待第一个会话的读锁,
   * 出现死锁

   * 3:$sql_forlock如果加了事务,又加写锁:
   * 开启事务
   * 第一个会话读$sql_forlock时加写锁,直到commit才会释放写锁,并发查询不会出现超卖现象。
   *
  */

  $sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 for update';
  //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1 LOCK IN SHARE MODE';
  //$sql_forlock = 'select * from goods where id = '.$gid .' limit 1';
  $result = $pdo->query($sql_forlock,PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
  $goodsInfo = $result->fetch();

  if($goodsInfo['counts']>0){

   //去库存
   $gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
   $sql_inventory = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
   $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql_inventory);

   if(!$result){
    $pdo->rollBack();
    $this->_error = '库存减少失败';
    return false;
   }

   //创订单
   $data    = [];
   $data['id']   = 'null';
   $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
   $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
   $data['uid']  = 'abc';
   $data['addtime'] = time();

   $sql = 'insert into orders (id,order_id,goods_id,uid,addtime) values ('.$data['id'].',"'.$data['order_id'].'","'.$data['goods_id'].'","'.$data['uid'].'","'.$data['addtime'].'")';  
   $result = $pdo->exec($sql);
   if(!$result){
    $pdo->rollBack();
    $this->_error = '订单创建失败';
    return false;
   }
   $pdo->commit();//提交
   $this->_error = '购买成功';
   return true;

  }else{
   $this->_error = '库存不足';
   return false;
  }
 }catch(PDOException $e){
  echo $e->getMessage();
  $pdo->rollBack();
 }


}
/*
 * 创建订单
 * mysql 事物处理,也可以用存储过程
 *
*/
private function create_order($goodsInfo){
 //生成订单
 $data    = [];
 $data['order_id'] = $this->_orderModel->buildOrderNo();
 $data['goods_id'] = $goodsInfo['id'];
 $data['addtime'] = time();
 $data['uid']  = 1;
 $order_rs = $this->_orderModel->create_order($data);

 //库存减少
 $gid = $goodsInfo['id'];
 $sql = 'UPDATE goods SET counts = counts - 1 WHERE id = '.$gid;
 $result = $this->_goodsModel->exect($sql);
 return true;
}
}


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