元素对齐方式及相对定位以及绝对定位2018-8-16 - HTML 前端

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>元素对齐方式</title>

</head>
<body>
<H3>元素对齐方式</H3>
1.子元素是行内元素 如:a.span<br>
a:水平居中:在父元素应用 :text-align:center;
b:垂直居中:在行内元素中设置行高与父元素等高:line-height:200px
<style>
    .box1{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color:#ffff0a;
        text-align:center;
    }
    .box1 a{
        line-height:200px;
    }
</style>
<div class="box1">
    <a href="">PHP中文网</a>
</div>
2.元素为多行内联文本
a.水平居中:在父元素中应用:text-align:center<br>
b:垂直居中:在父元素:display:table-cell;

<style>
    .box2{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color:yellowgreen;
        text-align:center;/*水平居中*/
        display:table-cell; /*将多行文本修改为列表模式*/
        vertical-align: middle;/*表格样式中的垂直居中*/
    }


</style>
<div class="box2">
    <span>PHP中文网</span><br>
    <span>www.php.com</span>
</div>
3.元素为块元素
a.水平居中:在父元素中应用:text-align:center<br>
b:垂直居中:在父元素:display:table-cell;
<style>
    .box3{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color:yellowgreen;
        text-align:center;
        display:table-cell;
        vertical-align: middle;/*表格样式中的垂直居中*/
    }
    .box3 .child{
        width:100px;
        height:100px;
        background-color:red;
        display:inline-block;
    }
</style>
<div class="box3">
<div class="child"></div>
</div>

4.元素为多行元素
1.将行元素转化为行内块元素
2.行内块元素转化为块元素

a.水平居中:在父元素中应用:text-align:center<br>
b:垂直居中:在父元素:display:table-cell;
<style>
    .box4{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color:yellowgreen;
        text-align:center;
        display:table-cell;
        vertical-align: bottom;
    }
    .box4 ul{
        display:inline-block;
        padding:0;

    }
    .box4 li{
        display:block;


    }

</style>
<div class="box4">
    <li>
        <ul>1</ul>
        <ul>2</ul>
        <ul>3</ul>
        <ul>4</ul>
        <ul>5</ul>
    </li>
</div>

</body>
</html>

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实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>相对定位</title>
    <style>
        .box1{
            width:200px;
            height:200px;
            background-color: lightcoral;
            position:relative;/*设定相对定位*/
            left:200px;
            top:0
        }
        .box2{
            width:200px;
            height:200px;
            background-color: lightgreen;

        }
        .box3{
            width:200px;
            height:200px;
            background-color: yellow;
            position:relative;/*设定相对定位*/
            left:400px;
            top:-200px;
        }
        .box4{
            width:200px;
            height:200px;
            background-color: lightblue;
            position:relative;/*设定相对定位*/
            left:200px;
            top:-200px;
        }
        .box5{
            width:200px;
            height:200px;
            background-color: lightseagreen;
            position:relative;/*设定相对定位*/
            left:200px;
            top:-600px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box1"></div>
<div class="box2"></div>
<div class="box3"></div>
<div class="box4"></div>
<div class="box5"></div>

</body>
</html>

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实例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>绝对定位</title>
</head>

<style>
    body{
        /*margin:0;*/

    }
    .box{
        width:600px;
        height:600px;
        position: relative;
        /*background-color:coral;*/
    }
    .box1{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color: lightcoral;
        position:absolute;/*设定绝对定位 会脱离文档流*/
        left:200px;
    }
    .box2{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color: lightgreen;
        position:absolute;

        top:200px;

    }
    .box3{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color: yellow;
        position:absolute;
        left:400px;
        top:200px;

    }
    .box4{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color: lightblue;
        position:absolute;
        left:200px;
        top:400px;
        }
    .box5{
        width:200px;
        height:200px;
        background-color: lightseagreen;
        position:absolute;
        left:200px;
        top:200px;
        }

    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
    <div class="box1"></div>
    <div class="box2"></div>
    <div class="box3"></div>
    <div class="box4"></div>
    <div class="box5"></div>
</div>


</body>
</html>

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盒子模型:内容 conter 外边距 padding 边框 dorder 外边距 margin

编写顺序 TOP->right->botton->left

内容\边框可设置颜色及宽度

简写规则:像素.线条类型.线条颜色

外边距垂直方向会发生坍塌,以数值较大的为准

Correction status：Uncorrected

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