MongoDB tutorial

"MongoDB Tutorial" is the latest official online reference manual of MongoDB. In this MongoDB document, you will learn how to use MongoDB to add, delete, modify, query, sort and other important knowledge points in the database. MongoDB is a database based on distributed file storage. MongoDB applications have penetrated into various fields, such as games, logistics, e-commerce, content management, social networking, Internet of Things, live video, etc.

MongoDB is a document-oriented database management system written in languages ​​such as C to solve a large number of real-world problems in the application development community. In October 2007, MongoDB was developed by the 10gen team. First launched in February 2009.

MongoDB Community Edition is free and available as binary versions for Windows, Linux and OS X. Many Linux package management systems once included MongoDB packages, but due to license changes, MongoDB has been removed from Debian, Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux distributions.

MongoDB uses memory-mapped files, limiting the size of data to 2GB on 32-bit systems, and 64-bit supports larger data. The core components of MongoDB can only run on little-endian systems, and the client library can run on both little-endian and big-endian systems.

Language support

MongoDB has official drivers as follows: C, C, C#/.NET, Erlang, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Lisp, fibjs, node.JS, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Scala, Go.

There are currently many unofficial drivers, ColdFusion, Delphi, Erlang, Factor, Fantom, Go, JVM languages ​​(Clojure, Groovy, Scala, etc.), Lua, HTTP REST, Racket, and Smalltalk .

Tips: Our MongoDB tutorials will help you learn MongoDB knowledge from beginner to advanced. If you have any questions, please go to the PHP Chinese website MongoDB Community to ask your questions, and enthusiastic netizens will answer them for you.

MongoDB features

It is characterized by high performance, easy deployment, easy use, and very convenient to store data.

The main functional features are:

• Oriented to collection storage, easy to store object type data.

• Free mode.

• Support dynamic query.

• Supports full indexing, including internal objects.

• Support query.

• Supports replication and failure recovery.

• Use efficient binary data storage, including large objects (such as videos, etc.).

• Automatically handle fragmentation to support scalability at the cloud computing level.

• Supports Golang, RUBY, PYTHON, JAVA, C, PHP, C# and other languages.

• The file storage format is BSON (an extension of JSON).

• Accessible via the Internet.

Applicable scenarios

The main goal of MongoDB is to combine key/value storage (providing high performance and high scalability) and traditional RDBMS systems (with rich Function), it combines the advantages of both. According to the description on the official website, Mongo is suitable for the following scenarios.

• Website data: Mongo is very suitable for real-time insertion, update and query, and has the replication and high scalability required for real-time data storage of the website.

• Caching: Due to its high performance, Mongo is also suitable as a caching layer for information infrastructure. After the system is restarted, the persistent cache layer built by Mongo can prevent the underlying data source from being overloaded.

• Large size, low value data: It may be more expensive to store some data using traditional relational databases. Before this, programmers often chose traditional files for storage.

• Highly scalable scenarios: Mongo is very suitable for databases consisting of dozens or hundreds of servers, and Mongo's roadmap already includes built-in support for the MapReduce engine.

• For storage of objects and JSON data: Mongo's BSON data format is very suitable for storage and query in documented formats.

The use of MongoDB will also have some limitations. For example, it is not suitable for the following places.

• Highly transactional systems: for example, banking or accounting systems. Traditional relational databases are currently more suitable for applications that require a large number of atomic and complex transactions.

• Traditional business intelligence applications: BI databases for specific problems will produce highly optimized query methods. For such applications, a data warehouse may be a more suitable choice.

• Questions that require SQL.

Application Cases

The following are some practical applications of MongoDB in companies:

• Billions of archives using MongoDB on Craiglist Records.

• FourSquare, a location-based social networking site, uses MongoDB to share data on Amazon EC2 servers.

• Shutterfly, an internet-based social and personal publishing service, uses MongoDB for a variety of persistent data storage requirements.

• bit.ly, a web-based URL shortening service, uses MongoDB to store its data.

• spike.com, an affiliate company of MTV Networks, spike.com uses MongoDB.

• Intuit, a provider of software and services for small businesses and individuals, uses MongoDB for small businesses to track user data.

• sourceforge.net, a resource website to find, create and publish open source software for free, using MongoDB backend storage.

• etsy.com , a website for buying and selling handmade items, uses MongoDB.

• The New York Times, one of the leading online news portals, uses MongoDB.

• CERN, the famous particle physics institute, uses MongoDB for data from the Large Hadron Collider at the European Center for Nuclear Research.

Content covered by this MongoDB tutorial manual

This MongoDB tutorial covers all basic and advanced knowledge of MongoDB, including MongoDB creating database, MongoDB deleting database, MongoDB inserting document, Introduction to all basic and advanced knowledge of MongoDB such as MongoDB update documents, MongoDB query documents, etc.

Tips: Each chapter of this tutorial contains many graphic and text examples of MongoDB. These examples can help you better understand and use MongoDB.