PHPl使用DOM XML操作XML[总结]_PHP教程-PHP-Tutorial-php.cn

1、前言

　　XML树状层次结构鲜明，非常适合作为配置文件。PHP中可以使用DOM XML来操作XML。本文总结一下PHP使用DOM XML创建、添加节点、查询XML文件。

2、使用DOM XML

　　XML中节点分为元素和文本，DOMDocument类型是文档类型，提供了操作元素和文本的成员函数和属性。

DOMDocument类如下:

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DOMDocument extends DOMNode {

/* Properties */

readonly public string $actualEncoding ;

readonly public DOMConfiguration $config ;

readonly public DOMDocumentType $doctype ;

readonly public DOMElement $documentElement ;

public string $documentURI ;

public string $encoding ;

public bool $formatOutput ;

readonly public DOMImplementation $implementation ;

public bool $preserveWhiteSpace =true ;

public bool $recover ;

public bool $resolveExternals ;

public bool $standalone ;

public bool $strictErrorChecking =true ;

public bool $substituteEntities ;

public bool $validateOnParse =false ;

public string $version ;

readonly public string $xmlEncoding ;

public bool $xmlStandalone ;

public string $xmlVersion ;

/* Methods */

__construct ([ string $version [, string $encoding ]] )

DOMAttr createAttribute ( string $name )

DOMAttr createAttributeNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $qualifiedName )

DOMCDATASection createCDATASection ( string $data )

DOMComment createComment ( string $data )

DOMDocumentFragment createDocumentFragment ( void )

DOMElement createElement ( string $name [, string $value ] )

DOMElement createElementNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $qualifiedName [, string $value ] )

DOMEntityReference createEntityReference ( string $name )

DOMProcessingInstruction createProcessingInstruction ( string $target [, string $data ] )

DOMText createTextNode ( string $content )

DOMElement getElementById ( string $elementId )

DOMNodeList getElementsByTagName ( string $name )

DOMNodeList getElementsByTagNameNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $localName )

DOMNode importNode ( DOMNode $importedNode [, bool $deep ] )

mixed load ( string $filename [, int $options=0 ] )

bool loadHTML ( string $source )

bool loadHTMLFile ( string $filename )

mixed loadXML ( string $source [, int $options=0 ] )

void normalizeDocument ( void )

bool registerNodeClass ( string $baseclass , string $extendedclass )

bool relaxNGValidate ( string $filename )

bool relaxNGValidateSource ( string $source )

int save ( string $filename [, int $options ] )

string saveHTML ( void )

int saveHTMLFile ( string $filename )

string saveXML ([ DOMNode $node [, int $options ]] )

bool schemaValidate ( string $filename )

bool schemaValidateSource ( string $source )

bool validate ( void )

int xinclude ([ int $options ] )

/* Inherited methods */

DOMNode DOMNode::appendChild ( DOMNode $newnode )

DOMNode DOMNode::cloneNode ([ bool $deep ] )

bool DOMNode::hasAttributes ( void )

bool DOMNode::hasChildNodes ( void )

DOMNode DOMNode::insertBefore ( DOMNode $newnode [, DOMNode $refnode ] )

bool DOMNode::isDefaultNamespace ( string $namespaceURI )

bool DOMNode::isSameNode ( DOMNode $node )

bool DOMNode::isSupported ( string $feature , string $version )

string DOMNode::lookupNamespaceURI ( string $prefix )

string DOMNode::lookupPrefix ( string $namespaceURI )

void DOMNode::normalize ( void )

DOMNode DOMNode::removeChild ( DOMNode $oldnode )

DOMNode DOMNode::replaceChild ( DOMNode $newnode , DOMNode $oldnode )

}

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元素节点类DOMElement类型定义如下:

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1 DOMElement extends DOMNode {

2 /* Properties */

3 readonly public bool $schemaTypeInfo ;

4 readonly public string $tagName ;

5 /* Methods */

6 __construct ( string $name [, string $value [, string $namespaceURI ]] )

7 string getAttribute ( string $name )

8 DOMAttr getAttributeNode ( string $name )

9 DOMAttr getAttributeNodeNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $localName )

10 string getAttributeNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $localName )

11 DOMNodeList getElementsByTagName ( string $name )

12 DOMNodeList getElementsByTagNameNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $localName )

13 bool hasAttribute ( string $name )

14 bool hasAttributeNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $localName )

15 bool removeAttribute ( string $name )

16 bool removeAttributeNode ( DOMAttr $oldnode )

17 bool removeAttributeNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $localName )

18 DOMAttr setAttribute ( string $name , string $value )

19 DOMAttr setAttributeNode ( DOMAttr $attr )

20 DOMAttr setAttributeNodeNS ( DOMAttr $attr )

21 void setAttributeNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $qualifiedName , string $value )

22 void setIdAttribute ( string $name , bool $isId )

23 void setIdAttributeNode ( DOMAttr $attr , bool $isId )

24 void setIdAttributeNS ( string $namespaceURI , string $localName , bool $isId )

25 /* Inherited methods */

26 DOMNode DOMNode::appendChild ( DOMNode $newnode )

27 DOMNode DOMNode::cloneNode ([ bool $deep ] )

28 bool DOMNode::hasAttributes ( void )

29 bool DOMNode::hasChildNodes ( void )

30 DOMNode DOMNode::insertBefore ( DOMNode $newnode [, DOMNode $refnode ] )

31 bool DOMNode::isDefaultNamespace ( string $namespaceURI )

32 bool DOMNode::isSameNode ( DOMNode $node )

33 bool DOMNode::isSupported ( string $feature , string $version )

34 string DOMNode::lookupNamespaceURI ( string $prefix )

35 string DOMNode::lookupPrefix ( string $namespaceURI )

36 void DOMNode::normalize ( void )

37 DOMNode DOMNode::removeChild ( DOMNode $oldnode )

38 DOMNode DOMNode::replaceChild ( DOMNode $newnode , DOMNode $oldnode )

39 }

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文本类型DOMText定义如下:

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DOMText extends DOMCharacterData {

/* Properties */

readonly public string $wholeText ;

/* Methods */

__construct ([ string $value ] )

bool isWhitespaceInElementContent ( void )

DOMText splitText ( int $offset )

/* Inherited methods */

void DOMCharacterData::appendData ( string $data )

void DOMCharacterData::deleteData ( int $offset , int $count )

void DOMCharacterData::insertData ( int $offset , string $data )

void DOMCharacterData::replaceData ( int $offset , int $count , string $data )

string DOMCharacterData::substringData ( int $offset , int $count )

}

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DOMNode节点定义如下:

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DOMNode {

/* Properties */

public readonly string $nodeName ;

public string $nodeValue ;

public readonly int $nodeType ;

public readonly DOMNode $parentNode ;

public readonly DOMNodeList $childNodes ;

public readonly DOMNode $firstChild ;

public readonly DOMNode $lastChild ;

public readonly DOMNode $previousSibling ;

public readonly DOMNode $nextSibling ;

public readonly DOMNamedNodeMap $attributes ;

public readonly DOMDocument $ownerDocument ;

public readonly string $namespaceURI ;

public string $prefix ;

public readonly string $localName ;

public readonly string $baseURI ;

public string $textContent ;

/* Methods */

DOMNode appendChild ( DOMNode $newnode )

DOMNode cloneNode ([ bool $deep ] )

bool hasAttributes ( void )

bool hasChildNodes ( void )

DOMNode insertBefore ( DOMNode $newnode [, DOMNode $refnode ] )

bool isDefaultNamespace ( string $namespaceURI )

bool isSameNode ( DOMNode $node )

bool isSupported ( string $feature , string $version )

string lookupNamespaceURI ( string $prefix )

string lookupPrefix ( string $namespaceURI )

void normalize ( void )

DOMNode removeChild ( DOMNode $oldnode )

DOMNode replaceChild ( DOMNode $newnode , DOMNode $oldnode )

}

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3、测试程序

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3 const INDEX_FILE_NAME = "student_file_index.xml";

5 //文件索引类

6 class file_index

7 {

8 public function set_file_index($file_name, $cur_count, $total_count)

9 {

10 $this->file_name = $file_name;

11 $this->cur_count = $cur_count;

12 $this->total_count = $total_count;

13 }

14 public function get_file_name()

15 {

16 return $this->file_name;

17 }

18 public function get_cur_count()

19 {

20 return $this->cur_count;

21 }

22 public function get_total_count()

23 {

24 return $this->total_count;

25 }

27 private $file_name; //文件名

28 private $cur_count; //当前记录数

29 private $total_count; //总记录数

30 }

32 function create_file_index(array $params)

33 {

34 $index = new file_index();

35 $index->set_file_index($params['file_name'],

36 $params['cur_count'], $params['total_count']);

37 return $index;

38 }

40 function create_file_node(DOMDocument $doc, file_index $index)

41 {

42 //创建一个file元素

43 $file = $doc->createElement("file");

44 //创建一个属性元素

45 $name_attr = $doc->createAttribute("name");

46 //将该属性添加到file元素上

47 $file->appendChild($name_attr);

49 //创建一个文本元素

50 $file_name = $doc->createTextNode($index->get_file_name());

51 //将文本元素添加name_attr属性上

52 $name_attr->appendChild($file_name);

54 //创建一个cur_count元素

55 $cur_count = $doc->createElement("cur_count", strval($index->get_cur_count()));

56 //将cur_count添加到file元素下

57 $cur_count = $file->appendChild($cur_count);

59 //创建一个total_count元素

60 $total_count = $doc->createElement("total_count",

61 strval($index->get_total_count()));

62 //将total_count添加到file元素下

63 $total_count = $file->appendChild($total_count);

65 return $file;

66 }

68 function create_index_file($index_file_name, array $params)

69 {

70 //创建一个文档

71 $doc = new DOMDocument("1.0", "utf-8");

72 //创建根元素

73 $root = $doc->createElement("index");

74 $root = $doc->appendChild($root);

76 //创建一个索引结构

77 $index = create_file_index($params);

78 $file = create_file_node($doc, $index);

80 //将file看到根元素下

81 $root->appendChild($file);

82 $doc->save($index_file_name);

83 return true;

84 }

86 function add_index_file($index_file_name, array $params)

87 {

88 //创建一个文档

89 $doc = new DOMDocument();

90 //加载xml文件

91 $doc->load($index_file_name);

92 //获取index元素列表

93 $node_list = $doc->getElementsByTagName('index');

94 //获取根元素

95 $root = $node_list->item(0);

96 //创建一个索引结构

97 $index = create_file_index($params);

98 $file = create_file_node($doc, $index);

99 //将file看到根元素下

100 $root->appendChild($file);

101 $doc->save($index_file_name);

102 }

103

104 function traverse_file_index($index_file_name)

105 {

106 $file_index = array();

107 $doc = new DOMDocument();

108 $doc->load($index_file_name);

109 //获取file元素集合

110 $file_list = $doc->getElementsByTagName('file');

111 //获取cur_count元素集合

112 $cur_count_list = $doc->getElementsByTagName('cur_count');

113 //获取total_count元素集合

114 $total_count_list = $doc->getElementsByTagName('total_count');

115 for ($i = 0; $i length; $i++) {

116 $index = new file_index();

117 //获取file元素的name属性值

118 $file_name = $file_list->item($i)->attributes->getNamedItem("name")->nodeValue;

119 $index->set_file_index($file_name, $cur_count_list->item($i)->nodeValue,

120 $total_count_list->item($i)->nodeValue);

121 $file_index[$i] = $index;

122 }

123

124 return $file_index;

125 }

126

127 /*****************for test*********************/

128 $params = array();

129 $index_file_name = INDEX_FILE_NAME;

130

131 if (file_exists($index_file_name)) {

132 $params['file_name'] = "student_info_2014_02_12";

133 $params['cur_count'] = 10;

134 $params['total_count'] = 10;

135 echo "Add index to file.\n";

136 add_index_file($index_file_name, $params);

137 }

138 else {

139 $params['file_name'] = "student_info_2014_02_11";

140 $params['cur_count'] = 23;

141 $params['total_count'] = 33;

142 echo "Create index file.\n";

143 create_index_file($index_file_name, $params);

144 }

145

146 //测试读取xm文件

147 echo "Read index content from ".$index_file_name."\n";

148 echo "file_name\t\t\tcur_count\ttotal_count.\n";

149 $file_index = traverse_file_index($index_file_name);

150 foreach($file_index as $index) {

151 echo $index->get_file_name();

152 echo "\t\t ";

153 echo $index->get_cur_count();

154 echo strval($cur_count);

155 echo "\t\t ";

156 echo $index->get_total_count();

157 echo "\n";

158 }