undeclared identifier PHPUnit PHP测试框架安装方法

单元测试是几个现代敏捷开发方法的基础，使得PHPUnit成为许多大型PHP项目的关键工具。这个工具也可以被Xdebug扩展用来生成代码覆盖率报告 ，并且可以与phing集成来自动测试，最后它还可以和Selenium整合来完成大型的自动化集成测试。
Windows平台LAMP环境XAMPP 1.7.3下如何安装PHPUnit呢？
首先，以管理员身份运行cmd，使用pear添加phpunit频道：
D:\xampp\php>pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de
Channel "pear.phpunit.de" is already initialized
频道添加好，尝试安装PHPUnit：
D:\xampp\php>pear install phpunit/PHPUnit
Unknown remote channel: pear.symfony-project.com
Unknown remote channel: pear.symfony-project.com
Unknown remote channel: components.ez.no
Unknown remote channel: components.ez.no
phpunit/PHPUnit requires PEAR Installer (version >= 1.9.1), installed version is 1.9.0
phpunit/PHPUnit requires package "channel://pear.symfony-project.com/YAML" (version >= 1.0.2)
phpunit/PHPUnit can optionally use PHP extension "dbus"
phpunit/DbUnit requires PEAR Installer (version >= 1.9.1), installed version is1.9.0
phpunit/DbUnit requires package "channel://pear.symfony-project.com/YAML" (version >= 1.0.2)
phpunit/File_Iterator requires PEAR Installer (version >= 1.9.1), installed version is 1.9.0
phpunit/PHP_CodeCoverage requires PEAR Installer (version >= 1.9.1), installed version is 1.9.0
phpunit/PHP_CodeCoverage requires package "channel://components.ez.no/ConsoleTools" (version >= 1.6)
phpunit/PHP_CodeCoverage requires package "phpunit/File_Iterator" (version >= 1.2.2)
phpunit/PHP_CodeCoverage can optionally use PHP extension "xdebug" (version >= 2.0.5)
phpunit/PHPUnit_MockObject requires PEAR Installer (version >= 1.9.1), installed version is 1.9.0
phpunit/PHPUnit_Selenium requires PEAR Installer (version >= 1.9.1), installed version is 1.9.0
phpunit/PHP_TokenStream requires PEAR Installer (version >= 1.9.1), installed version is 1.9.0
phpunit/PHP_TokenStream requires package "channel://components.ez.no/ConsoleTools" (version >= 1.6)
No valid packages found
install failed
从提示看出，需要安装PEAR 1.9.1，而当前PEAR是1.9.0，那就要先升级PEAR版本。
pear list-upgrades可以列出当前可用的更新，
D:\xampp\php>pear.bat list-upgrades
WARNING: channel "pear.php.net" has updated its protocols, use "pear channel-update pear.php.net" to
update
D:\xampp\php>pear channel-update pear.php.net
Updating channel "pear.php.net"
Update of Channel "pear.php.net" succeeded
D:\xampp\php>pear.bat list-upgrades
PEAR.PHP.NET AVAILABLE UPGRADES (STABLE):
=========================================
CHANNEL PACKAGE LOCAL REMOTE SIZE
pear.php.net Archive_Tar 1.3.3 (stable) 1.3.7 (stable) 17.2kB
pear.php.net Console_Getargs 1.3.4 (stable) 1.3.5 (stable) 17.8kB
pear.php.net Mail 1.1.14 (stable) 1.2.0 (stable) 23kB
pear.php.net Mail_Mime 1.5.2 (stable) 1.8.1 (stable) 31kB
pear.php.net Mail_mimeDecode 1.5.1 (stable) 1.5.5 (stable) 11.4kB
pear.php.net Net_SMTP 1.3.4 (stable) 1.4.4 (stable) 12.1kB
pear.php.net Net_Socket 1.0.9 (stable) 1.0.10 (stable) 5.3kB
pear.php.net PEAR 1.9.0 (stable) 1.9.1 (stable) 287kB
pear.php.net Structures_Graph 1.0.3 (stable) 1.0.4 (stable) 30kB
Channel pear.phpunit.de: No upgrades available
ZEND.GOOGLECODE.COM/SVN AVAILABLE UPGRADES (STABLE):
====================================================
CHANNEL PACKAGE LOCAL REMOTE SIZE
zend.googlecode.com/svn zend 1.9.6 (stable) 1.11.1 (stable) -
更新所有可用更新：
D:\xampp\php>pear upgrade-all
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/archive_tar
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/console_getargs
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/mail
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/mail_mime
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/mail_mimedecode
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/net_smtp
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/net_socket
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/pear
Will upgrade channel://pear.php.net/structures_graph
Will upgrade channel://zend.googlecode.com/svn/zend
Did not download optional dependencies: pear/Auth_SASL, use --alldeps to download automatically
pear/Net_SMTP can optionally use package "pear/Auth_SASL"
downloading Archive_Tar-1.3.7.tgz ...
Starting to download Archive_Tar-1.3.7.tgz (17,610 bytes)
......done: 17,610 bytes
downloading Console_Getargs-1.3.5.tgz ...
Starting to download Console_Getargs-1.3.5.tgz (18,207 bytes)
...done: 18,207 bytes
downloading Mail-1.2.0.tgz ...
Starting to download Mail-1.2.0.tgz (23,214 bytes)
...done: 23,214 bytes
downloading Mail_Mime-1.8.1.tgz ...
Starting to download Mail_Mime-1.8.1.tgz (31,530 bytes)
...done: 31,530 bytes
downloading Mail_mimeDecode-1.5.5.tgz ...
Starting to download Mail_mimeDecode-1.5.5.tgz (11,554 bytes)
...done: 11,554 bytes
downloading Net_SMTP-1.4.4.tgz ...
Starting to download Net_SMTP-1.4.4.tgz (12,264 bytes)
...done: 12,264 bytes
downloading Net_Socket-1.0.10.tgz ...
Starting to download Net_Socket-1.0.10.tgz (5,429 bytes)
...done: 5,429 bytes
downloading PEAR-1.9.1.tgz ...
Starting to download PEAR-1.9.1.tgz (293,587 bytes)
...done: 293,587 bytes
downloading Structures_Graph-1.0.4.tgz ...
Starting to download Structures_Graph-1.0.4.tgz (30,318 bytes)
...done: 30,318 bytes
downloading Zend-1.11.1.tgz ...
Starting to download Zend-1.11.1.tgz (3,638,888 bytes)
...done: 3,638,888 bytes
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/Archive_Tar-1.3.7
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/Console_Getargs-1.3.5
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/Mail-1.2.0
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/Mail_Mime-1.8.1
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/Net_Socket-1.0.10
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/Structures_Graph-1.0.4
upgrade-all ok: channel://zend.googlecode.com/svn/Zend-1.11.1
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/Mail_mimeDecode-1.5.5
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/Net_SMTP-1.4.4
upgrade-all ok: channel://pear.php.net/PEAR-1.9.1
PEAR: Optional feature webinstaller available (PEAR's web-based installer)
PEAR: Optional feature gtkinstaller available (PEAR's PHP-GTK-based installer)
PEAR: Optional feature gtk2installer available (PEAR's PHP-GTK2-based installer)
PEAR: To install optional features use "pear install pear/PEAR#featurename"
更新成功后，PEAR已经是1.9.1版了，现在可以放心地安装PHPUnit了：
D:\xampp\php>pear install phpunit/PHPUnit
Unknown remote channel: pear.symfony-project.com
Unknown remote channel: pear.symfony-project.com
Unknown remote channel: components.ez.no
Unknown remote channel: components.ez.no
phpunit/PHPUnit requires package "channel://pear.symfony-project.com/YAML" (version >= 1.0.2)
phpunit/PHPUnit can optionally use PHP extension "dbus"
phpunit/DbUnit requires package "channel://pear.symfony-project.com/YAML" (version >= 1.0.2)
phpunit/PHP_CodeCoverage requires package "channel://components.ez.no/ConsoleTools" (version >= 1.6)
phpunit/PHP_CodeCoverage can optionally use PHP extension "xdebug" (version >= 2.0.5)
phpunit/PHP_TokenStream requires package "channel://components.ez.no/ConsoleTools" (version >= 1.6)
downloading File_Iterator-1.2.3.tgz ...
Starting to download File_Iterator-1.2.3.tgz (3,406 bytes)
....done: 3,406 bytes
downloading PHPUnit_MockObject-1.0.3.tgz ...
Starting to download PHPUnit_MockObject-1.0.3.tgz (17,333 bytes)
...done: 17,333 bytes
downloading PHPUnit_Selenium-1.0.1.tgz ...
Starting to download PHPUnit_Selenium-1.0.1.tgz (15,285 bytes)
...done: 15,285 bytes
install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/File_Iterator-1.2.3
install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit_MockObject-1.0.3
install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit_Selenium-1.0.1
上面信息来看，还是没有安装成功，pear.symfony-project.com和components.ez.no两个频道也要添加一下：
D:\xampp\php>pear channel-discover pear.symfony-project.com
Adding Channel "pear.symfony-project.com" succeeded
Discovery of channel "pear.symfony-project.com" succeeded
D:\xampp\php>pear channel-discover components.ez.no
Adding Channel "components.ez.no" succeeded
Discovery of channel "components.ez.no" succeeded
再次尝试安装PHPUnit：
D:\xampp\php>pear install phpunit/PHPUnit
phpunit/PHPUnit can optionally use PHP extension "dbus"
phpunit/PHP_CodeCoverage can optionally use PHP extension "xdebug" (version >= 2.0.5)
downloading PHPUnit-3.5.5.tgz ...
Starting to download PHPUnit-3.5.5.tgz (116,148 bytes)
....................done: 116,148 bytes
downloading DbUnit-1.0.0.tgz ...
Starting to download DbUnit-1.0.0.tgz (38,183 bytes)
...done: 38,183 bytes
downloading PHP_CodeCoverage-1.0.2.tgz ...
Starting to download PHP_CodeCoverage-1.0.2.tgz (109,280 bytes)
...done: 109,280 bytes
downloading YAML-1.0.4.tgz ...
Starting to download YAML-1.0.4.tgz (9,919 bytes)
...done: 9,919 bytes
downloading ConsoleTools-1.6.1.tgz ...
Starting to download ConsoleTools-1.6.1.tgz (869,994 bytes)
...done: 869,994 bytes
downloading PHP_TokenStream-1.0.1.tgz ...
Starting to download PHP_TokenStream-1.0.1.tgz (7,250 bytes)
...done: 7,250 bytes
downloading Base-1.8.tgz ...
Starting to download Base-1.8.tgz (236,357 bytes)
...done: 236,357 bytes
install ok: channel://pear.symfony-project.com/YAML-1.0.4
install ok: channel://components.ez.no/Base-1.8
install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/DbUnit-1.0.0
install ok: channel://components.ez.no/ConsoleTools-1.6.1
install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHP_TokenStream-1.0.1
install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHP_CodeCoverage-1.0.2
install ok: channel://pear.phpunit.de/PHPUnit-3.5.5
PHPUnit安装成功！！！

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