Nginx基于IP，端口，域名配置虚拟主机

Nginx(发音同 engine x)是一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件(IMAP/POP3)代理服务器，并在一个BSD-like 协议下发行。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好。Nginx同Apache httpd一样，Nginx也提供基于IP，基于端口以及域名方式的形式来配置虚拟主机。

一、什么是虚拟主机

虚拟主机是使用特殊的软硬件技术，把一台真实的物理服务器主机分割成多个逻辑存储单元。每个逻辑单元都没有物理实体，但是每一个逻辑单元都能像真实的物理主机一样在网络上工作，具有单独的IP地址（或共享的IP地址）、独立的域名以及完整的Internet服务器（支持WWW、FTP、E-mail等）功能。

虚拟主机的关键技术在于，即使在同一台硬件、同一个操作系统上，运行着为多个用户打开的不同的服务器程式，也互不干扰。而各个用户拥有自己的一部分系统资源（IP地址、文档存储空间、内存、CPU等）。各个虚拟主机之间完全独立，在外界看来，每一台虚拟主机和一台单独的主机的表现完全相同。所以这种被虚拟化的逻辑主机被形象地称为“虚拟主机”。

二、基于端口的虚拟主机

<code>1、准备环境
#当前环境
# more /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago)
Kernel \r on an \m

# uname -rm
2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 x86_64

# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.8.0

# 创建3个目录用于存放不同形式虚拟主机index.html文件
# mkdir -p /website/baseport
# mkdir -p /website/baseip
# mkdir -p /website/basedomain

# vi /website/baseport/index.html 
<span><span>html</span>></span><span>head</span>><span>title</span>>Base port sample<span><span>title</span>></span><span><span>head</span>></span><span>body</span>><span>h1</span>>This is an based port website sample(prot:8080).<span><span>h1</span>></span><span><span>body</span>></span><span><span>html</span>></span>2、配置nginx.conf
#第一个虚拟主机
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

#第二个虚拟主机        
server {       
        listen       8080;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   /website/port;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

3、验证   
# nginx -t              #语法检查
# service nginx reload  #服务重载
# curl http://192.168.1.120:8080  #验证基于端口访问
<span><span>html</span>></span><span>head</span>><span>title</span>>Base port sample<span><span>title</span>></span><span><span>head</span>></span><span>body</span>><span>h1</span>>This is an based port website sample(prot:8080).<span><span>h1</span>></span><span><span>body</span>></span><span><span>html</span>></span></code>

三、基于IP的虚拟主机

<code>1、先添加IP
# ifconfig|grep "inet addr"
          inet addr:192.168.1.120  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
# ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.220 netmask 255.255.255.0 up  #添加IP到eth0:0
# ifconfig|grep "inet addr"
          inet addr:192.168.1.120  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet addr:192.168.1.220  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

2、配置nginx.conf
#第一个虚拟主机
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;

#第二个虚拟主机                      
 server {
        listen       192.168.1.220:80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   /website/baseip;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

3、验证    
# nginx -t                     #语法检查      Author:Leshami                     
# service nginx reload         #服务重载      Blog  :http://blog.csdn.net/leshami
# curl http://192.168.1.220    #验证基于IP访问
<span><span>html</span>></span><span>head</span>><span>title</span>>Base ip sample<span><span>title</span>></span><span><span>head</span>></span><span>body</span>><span>h1</span>>This is an based ip website sample.<span><span>h1</span>></span><span><span>body</span>></span><span><span>html</span>></span></code>

四、基于域名的虚拟主机

<code>1、修改/etc/hosts文件
# echo "
192.168.1.120 bbs.ycdata.net bbs
192.168.1.120 mail.ycdata.net mail
> ">>/etc/hosts

2、配置nginx.conf
#第一个虚拟主机
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name mail.ycdata.net;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

#第二个虚拟主机        
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  bbs.ycdata.net;

        location / {
            root   /website/baseport;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }

3、验证
# curl http://mail.ycdata.net
<span><span>html</span>></span><span>head</span>><span>title</span>>Welcome to nginx!<span><span>title</span>></span><span>style</span>><span><span>body</span><span>{
        <span><span>width</span>:<span><span>35</span>em</span></span>;
        <span><span>margin</span>:<span><span>0</span> auto</span></span>;
        <span><span>font-family</span>:<span> Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif</span></span>;
    <span>}</span></span></span><span><span>style</span>></span><span><span>head</span>></span><span>body</span>><span>h1</span>>Welcome to nginx!<span><span>h1</span>></span><span>p</span>>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.<span><span>p</span>></span><span>p</span>>For online documentation and support please refer to
<span>a</span><span>href</span>=<span>"http://nginx.org/"</span>>nginx.org<span><span>a</span>></span>.<span>br</span>/>
Commercial support is available at
<span>a</span><span>href</span>=<span>"http://nginx.com/"</span>>nginx.com<span><span>a</span>></span>.<span><span>p</span>></span><span>p</span>><span>em</span>>Thank you for using nginx.<span><span>em</span>></span><span><span>p</span>></span><span><span>body</span>></span><span><span>html</span>></span># curl http://bbs.ycdata.net
<span><span>html</span>></span><span>head</span>><span>title</span>>Base port sample<span><span>title</span>></span><span><span>head</span>></span><span>body</span>><span>h1</span>>This is an based port website sample(prot:8080).<span><span>h1</span>></span><span><span>body</span>></span><span><span>html</span>></span></code>

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以上就介绍了Nginx基于IP，端口，域名配置虚拟主机，包括了nginx,虚拟主机方面的内容，希望对PHP教程有兴趣的朋友有所帮助。