Grundlagen von Laravel 5 (7) – Eloquent (ORM von Laravel)

• Generieren wir das erste Modell

<code>php artisan make:model Article
#输出
Model created successfully.
Created Migration: 2015_03_28_062517_create_articles_table</code>

Überprüfen Sie die generierte Datei app/Article.php

<code><?php namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model {

	//

}</code>

Es gibt nichts Besonderes, außer dass es vom Model erbt, aber es verfügt über leistungsstarke Funktionen, die alle im Laravel-Modell gekapselt sind. Das Modell verfügt automatisch über leistungsstarke Funktionen wie save() update() findXXX().

• Tinker ist ein von Laravel bereitgestelltes Befehlszeilentool, das mit Projekten interagieren kann.

<code>php artisan tinker

#以下是在tinker中的交互输入
Psy Shell v0.4.1 (PHP 5.4.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman
>>> $name = 'zhang jinglin';
=> "zhang jinglin"

>>> $name
=> "zhang jinglin"

>>> $article = new App\Article;
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {}

>>> $article->title = 'My First Article';
=> "My First Article"

>>> $article->body = 'Some content...';
=> "Some content..."

>>> $article->published_at = Carbon\Carbon::now();
=> <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
       date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
       timezone_type: 3,
       timezone: "UTC"
   }

>>> $article;
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7ee400000000ab91a676> {
       title: "My First Article",
       body: "Some content...",
       published_at: <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
           date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
           timezone_type: 3,
           timezone: "UTC"
       }
   }

>>> $article->toArray();
=> [
       "title"        => "My First Article",
       "body"         => "Some content...",
       "published_at" => <Carbon\Carbon #000000005c4b7ee600000000ab91dcb6> {
           date: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
           timezone_type: 3,
           timezone: "UTC"
       }
   ]

>>> $article->save();
=> true

#查看数据结果，添加了一条记录

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
       [
           "id"           => "1",
           "title"        => "My First Article",
           "body"         => "Some content...",
           "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
           "created_at"   => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
           "updated_at"   => "2015-03-28 06:38:53"
       ]
   ]

>>> $article->title = 'My First Update Title';
=> "My First Update Title"

>>> $article->save();
=> true

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
       [
           "id"           => "1",
           "title"        => "My First Update Title",
           "body"         => "Some content...",
           "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
           "created_at"   => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
           "updated_at"   => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
       ]
   ]
   
>>> $article = App\Article::find(1);
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1600000000ab91a676> {
       id: "1",
       title: "My First Update Title",
       body: "Some content...",
       published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
       created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
       updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
   }

>>> $article = App\Article::where('body', 'Some content...')->get();
=> <Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection #000000005c4b7e1800000000ab91a676> [
       <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1b00000000ab91a676> {
           id: "1",
           title: "My First Update Title",
           body: "Some content...",
           published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
           created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
           updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
       }
   ]

>>> $article = App\Article::where('body', 'Some content...')->first();
=> <App\Article #000000005c4b7e1900000000ab91a676> {
       id: "1",
       title: "My First Update Title",
       body: "Some content...",
       published_at: "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
       created_at: "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
       updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
   }
>>> 

>>> $article = App\Article::create(['title' => 'New Article', 'body' => 'New body', 'published_at' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]);
Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\MassAssignmentException with message 'title'</code>

MassAssignmentException, Laravel schützt uns davor, Datensätze direkt einzufügen. In einigen Sonderfällen müssen wir beispielsweise die Formularinformationen direkt zum Ausfüllen von Datenbankeinträgen verwenden. Wenn wir dem Formular jedoch kein Kennwortfeld hinzufügen, generiert ein Hacker ein Kennwortfeld und sendet es zusammen mit unserem an den Server zurück In anderen Feldern führt dies zu Änderungen. Passwörter sind gefährlich, daher müssen wir Laravel explizit mitteilen, welche Felder unseres Modells direkt ausgefüllt werden können.

Ändern Sie unsere Modelldatei Article.php

<code><?php namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Article extends Model {

	protected $fillable = [
        &#39;title&#39;,
        &#39;body&#39;,
        &#39;published_at&#39;
    ];

}</code>

bedeutet, dass Titel, Text und veröffentlichte_at direkt ausgefüllt werden können.

Tinker verlassen und wieder eintreten

<code>
>>> $article = App\Article::create(['title' => 'New Article', 'body' => 'New body', 'published_at' => Carbon\Carbon::now()]);
=> <App\Article #000000005051b2c7000000007ec432dd> {
       title: "New Article",
       body: "New body",
       published_at: <Carbon\Carbon #000000005051b2c6000000007ec4081d> {
           date: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
           timezone_type: 3,
           timezone: "UTC"
       },
       updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
       created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
       id: 2
   }
   
# It's ok

>>> App\Article::all()->toArray();
=> [
       [
           "id"           => "1",
           "title"        => "My First Update Title",
           "body"         => "Some content...",
           "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:37:22",
           "created_at"   => "2015-03-28 06:38:53",
           "updated_at"   => "2015-03-28 06:42:03"
       ],
       [
           "id"           => "2",
           "title"        => "New Article",
           "body"         => "New body",
           "published_at" => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
           "created_at"   => "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
           "updated_at"   => "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
       ]
   ]

>>> $article = App\Article::find(2);
=> <App\Article #000000005051b22b000000007ec432dd> {
       id: "2",
       title: "New Article",
       body: "New body",
       published_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
       created_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19",
       updated_at: "2015-03-28 06:55:19"
   }

>>> $article->update(['body' => 'New Updaet Body']);
=> true

#update自动调用save()
</code>

Das Obige hat die Grundlagen von Laravel 5 (7) – Eloquent (Laravels ORM) vorgestellt, einschließlich verschiedener Aspekte. Ich hoffe, dass es für Freunde hilfreich sein wird, die sich für PHP-Tutorials interessieren.