PHP-Nginx-MySQL-Installationskonfiguration unter Linux-PHP-Tutorial-php.cn

我主要是用来安装php，以及nginx和php的交互。

一安装插件

<span>可以选择YUM安装或者源码编译安装 </span><span>gcc</span><span>gcc</span>-c++<span> zlib
pcre
pcre-devel
libevent
libevent</span>-<span>devel
libxml2 
libxml2</span>-<span>devel
libmcrypt 
libmcrypt</span>-<span>devel
curl</span>-<span>devel
libpng</span>-<span>devel
libtool</span>-ltdl-<span>devel
gd</span>-<span>devel
openssl 
openssl</span>-<span>devel
ncurses</span>-<span>devel
cmake
mysql-devel </span>

Nach dem Login kopieren

二安装mysql

<span>tar</span> -zxvf mysql-<span>5.5</span>.<span>25</span>.<span>tar</span><span>.gz
将mysql包解压 然后放入你想要mysql的安装位置 如本例中的/usr/local/webserver/mysql cmake命令需要这个路径</span><span>cmake \ </span>-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/webserver/<span>mysql \ </span>-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/user/local/webserver/mysql/<span>data \ </span>-DSYSCONFDIR=/<span>etc \ </span>-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=<span>all \ </span>-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=<span>utf8 \ </span>-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=<span>utf8_general_ci \ </span>-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=<span>1</span><span> \ </span>-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=<span>1</span><span> \ </span>-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=<span>1</span><span> \ </span>-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=<span>1</span><span> \ </span>-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=<span>1</span><span> \ </span>-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=<span>1</span><span> \ </span>-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/<span>mysqld.sock \ </span>-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=<span>3306</span><span> \ </span>-DWITH_DEBUG=<span>0</span><span> \ </span>-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=<span>1</span><span> 回车执行，执行完成后继续执行 </span><span>make</span> && <span>make</span><span>install</span><span>#设置Mysql
#在support</span>-<span>files目录中有五个配置信息文件(这里很重要，一定要根据自己的内存复制对应的cnf文件，否则mysql始终起不来)：
#my</span>-small.cnf (内存<=<span>64M)
#my</span>-<span>medium.cnf (内存 128M)
#my</span>-<span>large.cnf (内存 512M)
#my</span>-huge.cnf (内存 1G-<span>2G)
#my</span>-innodb-heavy-<span>4G.cnf (内存 4GB)
cd </span>/usr/local/webserver/<span>mysql </span><span>cp</span> ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/<span>my.cnf 
vi </span>/etc/<span>my.cnf
#在 [mysqld] 段增加
datadir </span>=  /usr/local/webserver/mysql/<span>data </span><span>wait</span>-timeout = <span>30</span><span> max_connections </span>= <span>512</span><span> default</span>-storage-engine =<span> MyISAM
#在 [mysqld] 段修改
max_allowed_packet </span>=<span> 16M </span><span>//</span><span>添加mysql运行的用户和用户组</span><span>groupadd mysql
useradd </span>-g mysql mysql -s /bin/<span>false</span> -d /home/mysql <span>//</span><span>没有shell，不可本机登陆（安全起见）</span><span> cd </span>/usr/local/webserver/<span>mysql </span><span>chown</span> -<span>R root . </span><span>chown</span> -<span>R mysql data </span><span>chgrp</span> -<span>R mysql . </span><span>//</span><span>生成新的mysql授权表 </span><span>//</span><span>进入mysql安装目录下的脚本目录</span> cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/<span>scripts </span><span>//</span><span>利用mysql_install_db脚本生成新的mysql授权表</span> ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data --user=<span>mysql </span><span>//</span><span>mysql server在系统中的服务项设置 </span><span>//</span><span>复制服务文件并修改</span> cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/support-<span>files </span><span>cp</span><span> mysql.server mysqld </span><span>//</span><span>修改mysqld</span> basedir=/usr/local/webserver/<span>mysql
datadir</span>=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/<span>data </span><span>mv</span> mysqld /etc/init.d/<span>mysqld </span><span>chmod</span><span>755</span> /etc/init.d/<span>mysqld
进行上述操作后 我们可以用 service mysqld start 来启动mysql服务了 </span><span>//</span><span>设置软连接使mysql,  mysqldump,  mysqladmin这三个bin命令能在shell中直接运行</span><span>sudo</span><span>ln</span> -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/<span>bin </span><span>sudo</span><span>ln</span> -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/<span>bin </span><span>sudo</span><span>ln</span> -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/<span>bin </span><span>rm</span> -rf /etc/mysql/my.cnf 因为已经把此文件复制到/etc/<span>my.cnf  如果不删除的话，mysql启动不起来。 </span>/etc/init.d/<span>mysqld start </span><span>//</span><span>设置root密码</span> mysqladmin -u root password <span>"</span><span>admin</span><span>"</span><span>//</span><span>mysql数据库中文乱码解决</span> vi /etc/<span>my.cnf </span><span>//</span><span>然后在[mysqld]配置选项下添加</span> character-set-server=<span>utf8 </span><span>//</span><span>然后进入mysql</span> cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/<span>bin
mysql </span>-u root -<span>p
提示输入密码
mysql</span>> show variables like <span>'</span><span>%character%</span><span>'</span>;

Nach dem Login kopieren

三安装Nginx

#<span>tar</span> zxvf nginx-<span>0.8</span>.<span>24</span>.<span>tar</span><span>.gz
#cd nginx</span>-<span>0.8</span>.<span>24</span><span> #.</span>/configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx <span>//</span><span>此处在本环节只需指定一个路径</span> #<span>make</span> && <span>make</span><span>install</span><span> #</span>/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx <span>//</span><span>启Nginx</span><span> 编写服务脚本(服务脚本请勿复制 请在linux下写入 不然回车换行符会引起异常)
vi </span>/etc/init.d/<span>nginx

把下列内容写入文件并保存 <span>#</span></span><span>!/bin/bash 
# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server 
# this script create it by gcec at 2009.10.22. 
# it is v.0.0.1 version. 
# if you find any errors on this scripts,please contact gcec cyz. 
# and send mail to support at gcec dot cc. 
# 
# chkconfig: - 85 15 
# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server. 
# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone. 
# processname: nginx 
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid 
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  #这里设置为你安装nginx的执行文件位置
nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  #这里设置为你nginx的配置文件位置
nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid 
RETVAL=0 
prog="nginx" 
# Source function library. 
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions 
# Source networking configuration. 
. /etc/sysconfig/network 
# Check that networking is up. 
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0 
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0 
# Start nginx daemons functions. 
start() { 
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then 
echo "nginx already running...." 
exit 1 
fi 
echo -n $"Starting $prog: " 
daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config} 
RETVAL=$? 
echo 
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx 
return $RETVAL 
} 
# Stop nginx daemons functions. 
stop() { 
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " 
killproc $nginxd 
RETVAL=$? 
echo 
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid 
} 
# reload nginx service functions. 
reload() { 
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " 
#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}` 
killproc $nginxd -HUP 
RETVAL=$? 
echo 
} 
# See how we were called. 
case "$1" in 
start) 
start 
;; 
stop) 
stop 
;; 
reload) 
reload 
;; 
restart) 
stop 
start 
;; 
status) 
status $prog 
RETVAL=$? 
;; 
*) 
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}" 
exit 1 
esac</span><span><span>exit $RETVAL </span> 保存之后 赋予文件权限
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx 

我们就可以通过service nginx start 来启动服务了 </span>

Nach dem Login kopieren

四安装php

create user and group <span>for</span><span> fpm(fastcgi process manager)
groupadd fpm
useradd </span>--shell /sbin/nologin -<span>g fpm fpm

download, configure and </span><span>install</span> php5.<span>3.3</span><span>wget</span> http:<span>//</span><span>www.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.3.tar.gz</span><span>tar</span> zxvf php-<span>5.3</span>.<span>3</span>.<span>tar</span><span>.gz
cd php</span>-<span>5.3</span>.<span>3 </span>

Nach dem Login kopieren

<span>[直接复制]
./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/php  --enable-fpm  --with-fpm-user=fpm  --with-fpm-group=fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/lib --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --without-pdo-sqlite --without-sqlite3 --without-sqlite --with-curl --enable-mbstring --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --with-openssl --with-gd --enable-sockets --with-gettext --with-zlib --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-xmlrpc --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --enable-gd-native-ttf </span> 
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><span>--disable-fileinfo</span>

Nach dem Login kopieren

<span>中途错误需要yum install几个依赖包 </span><span> [手敲版]
.</span>/configure --prefix=/usr/local/<span>php \ </span>--enable-<span>fpm \ </span>--with-fpm-user=<span>fpm \ </span>--with-fpm-group=<span>fpm \ <span>--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/lib     #这里是配置放php.ini的存放位置</span></span>--with-mysql=<span>mysqlnd \ </span>--with-mysqli=<span>mysqlnd \ </span>--with-pdo-mysql=<span>mysqlnd \ </span>--without-pdo-<span>sqlite \ </span>--without-<span>sqlite3 \ </span>--without-<span>sqlite \ </span>--with-mysql-sock=/tmp/<span>mysql.sock \ </span>--with-<span>curl \ </span>--enable-<span>mbstring \ </span>--with-<span>mhash \ </span>--with-<span>mcrypt \ </span>--with-<span>openssl \ </span>--with-<span>gd \ </span>--enable-<span>sockets \ </span>--with-<span>gettext \ </span>--with-<span>zlib \ </span>--enable-<span>zip</span><span> \ </span>--enable-<span>soap \ </span>--with-<span>xmlrpc \
--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \ <span>--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib64       #64位系统lib64 32位系统lib32 </span></span><span>make</span> && <span>make</span><span>install
 make出现错误</span>virtual memory exhausted: Cannot allocate memory<span>，在configure上加上–disable-fileinfo</span><span></span> 
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">如果出现mysql_config not found的错误
解决办法: vi /etc/profile 在最后加入一行 export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" 这个是你的mysql安装到的目录

Nach dem Login kopieren

五配置php

<span>cp</span> /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
复制源码包里的php.ini-development到/usr/local/php/lib <span> vi php-fpm.conf
找到"listen="  修改为 listen = /dev/shm/php-fpm.sock (要求php版本5.3以上 该方式为使用sock文件监听)

cp</span> /backup/php-5.3.3/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
启动php
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm <span>如果设置路径正确，php.ini文件也存在，还无法加载php.ini的话 修改启动命令 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /etc/php.ini</span>编写服务脚本(服务脚本请勿复制 请在linux下写入 不然回车换行符会引起异常)
touch /etc/init.d/phpfpm
vim /etc/init.d/phpfpm

内容如下:

Nach dem Login kopieren

#!/bin/bash

start() {

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

/bin/echo 'starting php listener ---[ok]'

}

stop() {

/usr/bin/pkill php-fpm

/bin/echo 'stopping php listener ---[ok]'

}

case "$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

restart)

stop

start

;;

echo 'usage:start/stop/restart'

exit 0

;;

esac

保存退出

然后就能通过 service phpfpm start/stop/restart 来启动监听

六配置Nginx

cat /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
查看端口 为 127.0.0.1:9000
修改nginx配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/<span>nginx.conf </span><span># location / {    //一定要注掉这部分，否则会不解析PHP文件，而会下载 了 
#    root   html;  
#    index  index.html index.htm;  
#} </span><span></span>

Nach dem Login kopieren

<span><span>location </span></span><span>~ \.php {
 
　　root           　　　www;          #这是你网站的根目录
 
　　fastcgi_pass　　127.0.0.1:9000;            #这里指定了fastcgi进程侦听的端口,nginx就是通过这里与php交互的
       #</span>fastcgi_pass      unix:/dev/shm/php-fpm.sock;

Nach dem Login kopieren

<span>　　fastcgi_index　 index.php; 　　fastcgi_param　SCRIPT_FILENAME <span>$document_root</span>/</span><span><span>$fastcgi_script_name; 
   #因为SCRIPT_FILENAME在配置中是写死的并没有随着$doucument_root变化而变化，我们可以修改SCRIPT_FILENAME配置如下 </span></span> #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;<span><span> 　　include       　　  fastcgi_params;        
 
}</span> 重启nginx服务
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
在/usr/local/nginx下创建www目录
mkdir www
新建一个index.php文件
cd www
vim index.php
写入<?php echo phpinfo();?>

访问服务器 如果起作用就说明配置成功</span>

Nach dem Login kopieren

七设置php nginx mysql 自启动

<span>我想在centos里不启用图形界面
那么选择系统运行级别为2或者3的 推荐3 </span>在配置之前 我们先检查下 /etc/init.d中有没有我们mysql,php,nginx的服务脚本 如果没有的话 先配置再做下列操作

如以上 mysqld , nginx, phpfpm 这3个脚本都编写好 并且放入/etc/init.d下的话 我们来配置一下自启动
我想通过一个服务来启动这3个服务那么再写一个脚本就可以了

Nach dem Login kopieren

注意:system类型的服务都可以用service来启动，用chkconfig来add 和del

但是有些自己配置的服务在用chkconfig来配置到时候会提示： “service XX does not support chkconfig”

这一般都是script不符合格式造成的，解决如下，

在script开始加入两行内容即可：

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: this is a World Wide Web server.

<span>mv /etc/init.d/mysqld /etc/init.d/webapp-mysqld</span><span>mv /etc/init.d/nginx /etc/init.d/webapp-nginx</span><span>mv /etc/init.d/phpfpm /etc/init.d/webapp-phpfpm</span><span>touch /etc/init.d/webapp</span><span>vim /etc/init.d/webapp</span>写入以下脚本

Nach dem Login kopieren

#!/bin/bash

# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: this is a World Wide Web server.

ACTION=$1

if [ "$ACTION" = "" ] || [ "$ACTION" = "start" ];then

#start php listeners

/sbin/service webapp-phpfpm start

#start nginx service

/sbin/service webapp-nginx start

#start mysql service

/sbin/service webapp-mysqld start

echo "web applications[mysql,nginx,php] is running now !"

elif [ "$ACTION" = "stop" ];then

/sbin/service webapp-phpfpm stop

/sbin/service webapp-nginx stop

/sbin/service webapp-mysqld stop

echo 'web application stopped'

else

echo „verwende start oder stop oder none nach deinem Servicebefehl“

Fügen Sie einen Systemdienst hinzu, der beim Booten gestartet werden soll

chkconfig --add webapp (beachten Sie, dass das Dienstskript unter /etc/init.d #chkconfig- und #description-Inhalte hinzufügen muss, um den chkconfig-Befehl hier zu unterstützen, wie oben erwähnt)

chkconfig --level 3 Webapp ein

Auf diese Weise ist unsere Lampenarchitektur erfolgreich konfiguriert.

veranschaulichen:

Die Syntax lautet:

chkconfig --list [name] wird zum Auflisten von Diensten verwendet

chkconfig --add name wird zum Hinzufügen von Diensten verwendet

chkconfig --del name wird zum Löschen von Diensten verwendet

chkconfig [--level Ebenen] Name Ändern Sie Startinformationen und überprüfen Sie den Startstatus bestimmter Dienste.

Ein und Aus beziehen sich jeweils auf das Starten und Stoppen des Dienstes beim Ändern des Runlevels. Zurücksetzen bezieht sich auf die Initialisierung von Serviceinformationen.

Bei den Ein- und Ausschaltern ist die Systemvorgabe nur für die Ausführungsebenen 3, 4 und 5 wirksam, das Zurücksetzen kann jedoch für alle Ausführungsebenen wirksam sein.

Das Obige stellt die Installationskonfiguration von PHP Nginx MySQL unter Linux vor, einschließlich des Inhalts der MySQL-Installation. Ich hoffe, dass es für Freunde hilfreich ist, die sich für PHP-Tutorials interessieren.