Einführung:
Wir entwickeln bei der Arbeit eine WeChat-Website, eine sogenannte Microsite. Da der freigegebene Inhalt der Microsite die aktuelle URL ist, die automatisch vom System ausgewählt wird, müssen Kunden den freigegebenen Inhalt ändern, d. h. auf die Schaltfläche „Teilen“ in der oberen rechten Ecke des Bildschirms klicken und „An Freunde senden“ oder „An Momente senden“ auswählen. Der Inhalt und die Bilder müssen individuell angepasst werden. Also habe ich das Dokument WeChat JS-SDK-Dokumentation und die Erfahrungen vieler Experten auf der Website nachgeschlagen. Ich kannte im Allgemeinen die Schritte des Anrufs, verstand jedoch nicht, wie ich den Anruf erfolgreich durchführen konnte. Nach einigen Experimenten wurden die beiden Schnittstellen „An Freunde senden“ und „An Momente senden“ endlich erfolgreich aufgerufen. Der spezifische Vorgang des Anrufs wird hier aufgezeichnet.
Schritt 1: Referenzieren Sie die js-Datei.
Fügen Sie die folgende JS-Datei in die Seite ein, die die JS-Schnittstelle aufrufen muss (https wird unterstützt): http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js
Schritt 2: Fügen Sie die Berechtigungsüberprüfungskonfiguration über die Konfigurationsschnittstelle ein
wx.config({ debug: true, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来,若要查看传入的参数,可以在pc端打开,参数信息会通过log打出,仅在pc端时才会打印。 appId: '', // 必填,公众号的唯一标识 timestamp: , // 必填,生成签名的时间戳 nonceStr: '', // 必填,生成签名的随机串 signature: '',// 必填,签名,见附录1 jsApiList: [] // 必填,需要使用的JS接口列表,所有JS接口列表见附录2 });
Dies ist auch bei vielen Internetnutzern der Fall, aber es wird wenig darüber gesprochen, wie man es in Übereinstimmung bringt. Als nächstes werde ich in diesem Artikel vorstellen, wie man es nennt.
Debug und AppId, natürlich sehr einfach.
timespan generiert den Zeitstempel der Signatur:
/// <summary> /// 生成时间戳 /// 从 1970 年 1 月 1 日 00:00:00 至今的秒数,即当前的时间,且最终需要转换为字符串形式 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public string getTimestamp() { TimeSpan ts = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0); return Convert.ToInt64(ts.TotalSeconds).ToString(); }
nonceStr generiert den Signatur Zufällige Zeichenfolge:
/// <summary> /// 生成随机字符串 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public string getNoncestr() { Random random = new Random(); return MD5Util.GetMD5(random.Next(1000).ToString(), "GBK"); }
/// <summary> /// MD5Util 的摘要说明。 /// </summary> public class MD5Util { public MD5Util() { // // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑 // } /** 获取大写的MD5签名结果 */ public static string GetMD5(string encypStr, string charset) { string retStr; MD5CryptoServiceProvider m5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); //创建md5对象 byte[] inputBye; byte[] outputBye; //使用GB2312编码方式把字符串转化为字节数组. try { inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(encypStr); } catch (Exception ex) { inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(encypStr); } outputBye = m5.ComputeHash(inputBye); retStr = System.BitConverter.ToString(outputBye); retStr = retStr.Replace("-", "").ToUpper(); return retStr; } }
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/// <summary> /// MD5Util 的摘要说明。 /// </summary> public class MD5Util { public MD5Util() { // // TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑 // } /** 获取大写的MD5签名结果 */ public static string GetMD5(string encypStr, string charset) { string retStr; MD5CryptoServiceProvider m5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); //创建md5对象 byte[] inputBye; byte[] outputBye; //使用GB2312编码方式把字符串转化为字节数组. try { inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(encypStr); } catch (Exception ex) { inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(encypStr); } outputBye = m5.ComputeHash(inputBye); retStr = System.BitConverter.ToString(outputBye); retStr = retStr.Replace("-", "").ToUpper(); return retStr; } }
Die Erzeugung von Signatursignaturen ist problematischer.
Zuerst das Zugriffstoken generieren und abrufen (Gültigkeitsdauer beträgt 7200 Sekunden, Entwickler müssen das Zugriffstoken global in ihren eigenen Diensten zwischenspeichern)
public string Getaccesstoken() { string appid = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WXZjAppID"].ToString(); string secret = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WXZjAppSecret"].ToString(); string urljson = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + secret; string strjson = ""; UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding(); HttpWebRequest myRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(urljson); myRequest.Method = "GET"; myRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; HttpWebResponse response; Stream responseStream; StreamReader reader; string srcString; response = myRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse; responseStream = response.GetResponseStream(); reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8); srcString = reader.ReadToEnd(); reader.Close(); if (srcString.Contains("access_token")) { //CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(srcString); HP.CPS.BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel model = new BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel(srcString); strjson = model.GetValue("access_token"); Session["access_tokenzj"] = strjson; } return strjson; }
public class CommonJsonModelAnalyzer { protected string _GetKey(string rawjson) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return rawjson; rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }); if (jsons.Length < 2) return rawjson; return jsons[0].Replace("\"", "").Trim(); } protected string _GetValue(string rawjson) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return rawjson; rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); if (jsons.Length < 2) return rawjson; StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 1; i < jsons.Length; i++) { builder.Append(jsons[i]); builder.Append(":"); } if (builder.Length > 0) builder.Remove(builder.Length - 1, 1); string value = builder.ToString(); if (value.StartsWith("\"")) value = value.Substring(1); if (value.EndsWith("\"")) value = value.Substring(0, value.Length - 1); return value; } protected List<string> _GetCollection(string rawjson) { //[{},{}] List<string> list = new List<string>(); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return list; rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); int nestlevel = -1; int mnestlevel = -1; for (int i = 0; i < rawjson.Length; i++) { if (i == 0) continue; else if (i == rawjson.Length - 1) continue; char jsonchar = rawjson[i]; if (jsonchar == '{') { nestlevel++; } if (jsonchar == '}') { nestlevel--; } if (jsonchar == '[') { mnestlevel++; } if (jsonchar == ']') { mnestlevel--; } if (jsonchar == ',' && nestlevel == -1 && mnestlevel == -1) { list.Add(builder.ToString()); builder = new StringBuilder(); } else { builder.Append(jsonchar); } } if (builder.Length > 0) list.Add(builder.ToString()); return list; } } public class CommonJsonModel : CommonJsonModelAnalyzer { private string rawjson; private bool isValue = false; private bool isModel = false; private bool isCollection = false; public CommonJsonModel(string rawjson) { this.rawjson = rawjson; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) throw new Exception("missing rawjson"); rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); if (rawjson.StartsWith("{")) { isModel = true; } else if (rawjson.StartsWith("[")) { isCollection = true; } else { isValue = true; } } public string Rawjson { get { return rawjson; } } public bool IsValue() { return isValue; } public bool IsValue(string key) { if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsValue(); } } return false; } public bool IsModel() { return isModel; } public bool IsModel(string key) { if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsModel(); } } return false; } public bool IsCollection() { return isCollection; } public bool IsCollection(string key) { if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsCollection(); } } return false; } /// <summary> /// 当模型是对象,返回拥有的key /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public List<string> GetKeys() { if (!isModel) return null; List<string> list = new List<string>(); foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { string key = new CommonJsonModel(subjson).Key; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) list.Add(key); } return list; } /// <summary> /// 当模型是对象,key对应是值,则返回key对应的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string GetValue(string key) { if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) return model.Value; } return null; } /// <summary> /// 模型是对象,key对应是对象,返回key对应的对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public CommonJsonModel GetModel(string key) { if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); if (!submodel.IsModel()) return null; else return submodel; } } return null; } /// <summary> /// 模型是对象,key对应是集合,返回集合 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public CommonJsonModel GetCollection(string key) { if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); if (!submodel.IsCollection()) return null; else return submodel; } } return null; } /// <summary> /// 模型是集合,返回自身 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public List<CommonJsonModel> GetCollection() { List<CommonJsonModel> list = new List<CommonJsonModel>(); if (IsValue()) return list; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(rawjson)) { list.Add(new CommonJsonModel(subjson)); } return list; } /// <summary> /// 当模型是值对象,返回key /// </summary> private string Key { get { if (IsValue()) return base._GetKey(rawjson); return null; } } /// <summary> /// 当模型是值对象,返回value /// </summary> private string Value { get { if (!IsValue()) return null; return base._GetValue(rawjson); } } }
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public class CommonJsonModelAnalyzer { protected string _GetKey(string rawjson) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return rawjson; rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }); if (jsons.Length < 2) return rawjson; return jsons[0].Replace("\"", "").Trim(); } protected string _GetValue(string rawjson) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return rawjson; rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); if (jsons.Length < 2) return rawjson; StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 1; i < jsons.Length; i++) { builder.Append(jsons[i]); builder.Append(":"); } if (builder.Length > 0) builder.Remove(builder.Length - 1, 1); string value = builder.ToString(); if (value.StartsWith("\"")) value = value.Substring(1); if (value.EndsWith("\"")) value = value.Substring(0, value.Length - 1); return value; } protected List<string> _GetCollection(string rawjson) { //[{},{}] List<string> list = new List<string>(); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return list; rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); int nestlevel = -1; int mnestlevel = -1; for (int i = 0; i < rawjson.Length; i++) { if (i == 0) continue; else if (i == rawjson.Length - 1) continue; char jsonchar = rawjson[i]; if (jsonchar == '{') { nestlevel++; } if (jsonchar == '}') { nestlevel--; } if (jsonchar == '[') { mnestlevel++; } if (jsonchar == ']') { mnestlevel--; } if (jsonchar == ',' && nestlevel == -1 && mnestlevel == -1) { list.Add(builder.ToString()); builder = new StringBuilder(); } else { builder.Append(jsonchar); } } if (builder.Length > 0) list.Add(builder.ToString()); return list; } } public class CommonJsonModel : CommonJsonModelAnalyzer { private string rawjson; private bool isValue = false; private bool isModel = false; private bool isCollection = false; public CommonJsonModel(string rawjson) { this.rawjson = rawjson; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) throw new Exception("missing rawjson"); rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); if (rawjson.StartsWith("{")) { isModel = true; } else if (rawjson.StartsWith("[")) { isCollection = true; } else { isValue = true; } } public string Rawjson { get { return rawjson; } } public bool IsValue() { return isValue; } public bool IsValue(string key) { if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsValue(); } } return false; } public bool IsModel() { return isModel; } public bool IsModel(string key) { if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsModel(); } } return false; } public bool IsCollection() { return isCollection; } public bool IsCollection(string key) { if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsCollection(); } } return false; } /// <summary> /// 当模型是对象,返回拥有的key /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public List<string> GetKeys() { if (!isModel) return null; List<string> list = new List<string>(); foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { string key = new CommonJsonModel(subjson).Key; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) list.Add(key); } return list; } /// <summary> /// 当模型是对象,key对应是值,则返回key对应的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string GetValue(string key) { if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) return model.Value; } return null; } /// <summary> /// 模型是对象,key对应是对象,返回key对应的对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public CommonJsonModel GetModel(string key) { if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); if (!submodel.IsModel()) return null; else return submodel; } } return null; } /// <summary> /// 模型是对象,key对应是集合,返回集合 /// </summary> /// <param name="key"></param> /// <returns></returns> public CommonJsonModel GetCollection(string key) { if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson)) { CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) { CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); if (!submodel.IsCollection()) return null; else return submodel; } } return null; } /// <summary> /// 模型是集合,返回自身 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public List<CommonJsonModel> GetCollection() { List<CommonJsonModel> list = new List<CommonJsonModel>(); if (IsValue()) return list; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(rawjson)) { list.Add(new CommonJsonModel(subjson)); } return list; } /// <summary> /// 当模型是值对象,返回key /// </summary> private string Key { get { if (IsValue()) return base._GetKey(rawjson); return null; } } /// <summary> /// 当模型是值对象,返回value /// </summary> private string Value { get { if (!IsValue()) return null; return base._GetValue(rawjson); } } }
Dann holen Sie sich jsapi_ticket:
Verwenden Sie das im ersten Schritt erhaltene access_token mit http Get jsapi_ticket per GET-Anfrage ( ist 7200 Sekunden lang gültig, Entwickler müssen jsapi_ticket global in ihren eigenen Diensten zwischenspeichern)
public string Getjsapi_ticket() { string accesstoken = (string)Session["access_tokenzj"]; string urljson = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" + accesstoken + "&type=jsapi"; string strjson = ""; UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding(); HttpWebRequest myRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(urljson); myRequest.Method = "GET"; myRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; HttpWebResponse response = myRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse; Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8); string srcString = reader.ReadToEnd(); reader.Close(); if (srcString.Contains("ticket")) { HP.CPS.BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel model = new BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel(srcString); strjson = model.GetValue("ticket"); Session["ticketzj"] = strjson; } return strjson; }
Signatur abschließend generieren:
public string Getsignature(string nonceStr, string timespanstr) { if (Session["access_tokenzj"] == null) { Getaccesstoken(); } if (Session["ticketzj"] == null) { Getjsapi_ticket(); } string url = Request.Url.ToString(); string str = "jsapi_ticket=" + (string)Session["ticketzj"] + "&noncestr=" + nonceStr + "×tamp=" + timespanstr + "&url=" + url;// +"&wxref=mp.weixin.qq.com"; string singature = SHA1Util.getSha1(str); string ss = singature; return ss; }
class SHA1Util { public static String getSha1(String str) { //建立SHA1对象 SHA1 sha = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); //将mystr转换成byte[] ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding(); byte[] dataToHash = enc.GetBytes(str); //Hash运算 byte[] dataHashed = sha.ComputeHash(dataToHash); //将运算结果转换成string string hash = BitConverter.ToString(dataHashed).Replace("-", ""); return hash; } }
class SHA1Util { public static String getSha1(String str) { //建立SHA1对象 SHA1 sha = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); //将mystr转换成byte[] ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding(); byte[] dataToHash = enc.GetBytes(str); //Hash运算 byte[] dataHashed = sha.ComputeHash(dataToHash); //将运算结果转换成string string hash = BitConverter.ToString(dataHashed).Replace("-", ""); return hash; } }
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Beispiel dieses Artikels aufrufen:
<script type="text/javascript"> wx.config({ debug: false, appId: '<%=corpid %>', timestamp: <%=timestamp%>, nonceStr: '<%=nonceStr%>', signature: '<%=signature %>', jsApiList: ['onMenuShareTimeline', 'onMenuShareAppMessage'] }); </script>
Schritt 3: Schnittstelle aufrufen
Nach dem Aufruf des zweiten Schritts wird Schritt 3 ganz einfach.
wx.ready(function(){ // config信息验证后会执行ready方法,所有接口调用都必须在config接口获得结果之后,config是一个客户端的异步操作,所以如果需要在页面加载时就调用相关接口,则须把相关接口放在ready函数中调用来确保正确执行。对于用户触发时才调用的接口,则可以直接调用,不需要放在ready函数中。});
Das Aufrufbeispiel dieses Artikels ist:
<script type="text/javascript" > wx.ready(function () { wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({ title: '<%=shareTitle %>', desc: '<%=shareContent %>', link: '<%=currentUrl %>', imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>' }); wx.onMenuShareTimeline({ title: '<%=shareContent %>', link: '<%=currentUrl %>', imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>' }); }) </script>
<script type="text/javascript" > wx.ready(function () { wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({ title: '<%=shareTitle %>', desc: '<%=shareContent %>', link: '<%=currentUrl %>', imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>' }); wx.onMenuShareTimeline({ title: '<%=shareContent %>', link: '<%=currentUrl %>', imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>' }); }) </script>
Dieser Artikel ist hier grundsätzlich zusammengefasst.
Anfällige Probleme:
1. Überprüfen Sie, ob der Hintergrund festgelegt ist: Name des öffentlichen Kontos in der oberen rechten Ecke – Funktionseinstellungen – Name der JS-Schnittstellensicherheitsdomäne
2 . Überprüfen Sie den Code. Stimmt die App-ID mit der ID im offiziellen Konto-Backend überein?
3. Die Aufrufadresse des Bildes ist ein absoluter Pfad (relative Pfade scheinen nicht zu funktionieren).
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