Autor dieses Artikels: Xiaozhuzz Blog-Adresse: http://www.php.cn/ Bitte geben Sie die Quelle für den Nachdruck an
Ich habe nach einem leistungsstarken Socket-Client-Code gesucht. In der Vergangenheit habe ich die Socket-Klasse verwendet, um Code basierend auf dem traditionellen asynchronen Programmiermodell (BeginSend, BeginReceive usw.) zu schreiben, und habe viele Blog-Wissen gelesen. Es gibt Poll und Epoll in Linux und unter Windows
Microsoft MSDN Die SocketAsyncEventArgs-Klasse wird auch zur Implementierung von IOCP bereitgestellt. Adresse: http://www.php.cn/
Das APM im NET Framework wird auch als Begin/End-Modus bezeichnet. Dies liegt daran, dass die Begin-Methode aufgerufen wird, um den asynchronen Vorgang zu starten, und dann ein IAsyncResult-Objekt zurückgibt. Optional können Sie der Begin-Methode einen Proxy als Parameter bereitstellen, der aufgerufen wird, wenn der asynchrone Vorgang abgeschlossen ist. Alternativ kann ein Thread auf IAsyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle warten. Wenn der Rückruf aufgerufen oder ein Wartesignal ausgegeben wird, wird die End-Methode aufgerufen, um die Ergebnisse des asynchronen Vorgangs abzurufen. Dieses Muster ist flexibel, relativ einfach zu verwenden und im .NET Framework sehr verbreitet.
Sie müssen sich jedoch darüber im Klaren sein, dass es einen Preis zu zahlen gibt, wenn Sie viele asynchrone Socket-Vorgänge ausführen. Für jeden Vorgang muss ein IAsyncResult-Objekt erstellt werden, und das Objekt kann nicht wiederverwendet werden. Dies wirkt sich aufgrund der starken Nutzung der Objektzuweisung und Garbage Collection auf die Leistung aus. Um dieses Problem zu lösen, stellt die neue Version ein weiteres Methodenmuster bereit, das einen Socket verwendet, um asynchrone E/A durchzuführen. Dieses neue Modell erfordert nicht, dass für jede Socket-Operation ein Operationskontextobjekt zugewiesen wird.
Code-Download: http://www.php.cn/ Der Code hier ist für das
Ich denke, das oben von Microsoft bereitgestellte Beispiel ist nicht sehr gut Es gibt keinen spezifischen Prozess, es wird nur derselbe Inhalt an den Client gesendet, nachdem er die Client-Nachricht erhalten hat. Für Anfänger ist es nicht einfach, den Prozess zu verstehen, da ich einen Tag gebraucht habe, um einen voll funktionsfähigen IOCP-Server zu implementieren >
Der Effekt ist wie folgt
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
namespace ServerTest
{
/// <summary>
/// IOCP SOCKET服务器
/// </summary>
public class IOCPServer : IDisposable
{
const int opsToPreAlloc = 2;
#region Fields
/// <summary>
/// 服务器程序允许的最大客户端连接数
/// </summary>
private int _maxClient;
/// <summary>
/// 监听Socket，用于接受客户端的连接请求
/// </summary>
private Socket _serverSock;
/// <summary>
/// 当前的连接的客户端数
/// </summary>
private int _clientCount;
/// <summary>
/// 用于每个I/O Socket操作的缓冲区大小
/// </summary>
private int _bufferSize = 1024;
/// <summary>
/// 信号量
/// </summary>
Semaphore _maxAcceptedClients;
/// <summary>
/// 缓冲区管理
/// </summary>
BufferManager _bufferManager;
/// <summary>
/// 对象池
/// </summary>
SocketAsyncEventArgsPool _objectPool;
private bool disposed = false;
#endregion
#region Properties
/// <summary>
/// 服务器是否正在运行
/// </summary>
public bool IsRunning { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 监听的IP地址
/// </summary>
public IPAddress Address { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 监听的端口
/// </summary>
public int Port { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 通信使用的编码
/// </summary>
public Encoding Encoding { get; set; }
#endregion
#region Ctors
/// <summary>
/// 异步IOCP SOCKET服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="listenPort">监听的端口</param>
/// <param name="maxClient">最大的客户端数量</param>
public IOCPServer(int listenPort,int maxClient)
: this(IPAddress.Any, listenPort, maxClient)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 异步Socket TCP服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="localEP">监听的终结点</param>
/// <param name="maxClient">最大客户端数量</param>
public IOCPServer(IPEndPoint localEP, int maxClient)
: this(localEP.Address, localEP.Port,maxClient)
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 异步Socket TCP服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="localIPAddress">监听的IP地址</param>
/// <param name="listenPort">监听的端口</param>
/// <param name="maxClient">最大客户端数量</param>
public IOCPServer(IPAddress localIPAddress, int listenPort, int maxClient)
{
this.Address = localIPAddress;
this.Port = listenPort;
this.Encoding = Encoding.Default;
_maxClient = maxClient;
_serverSock = new Socket(localIPAddress.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
_bufferManager = new BufferManager(_bufferSize * _maxClient * opsToPreAlloc,_bufferSize);
_objectPool = new SocketAsyncEventArgsPool(_maxClient);
_maxAcceptedClients = new Semaphore(_maxClient, _maxClient);
}
#endregion
#region 初始化
/// <summary>
/// 初始化函数
/// </summary>
public void Init()
{
// Allocates one large byte buffer which all I/O operations use a piece of. This gaurds
// against memory fragmentation
_bufferManager.InitBuffer();
// preallocate pool of SocketAsyncEventArgs objects
SocketAsyncEventArgs readWriteEventArg;
for (int i = 0; i < _maxClient; i++)
{
//Pre-allocate a set of reusable SocketAsyncEventArgs
readWriteEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
readWriteEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnIOCompleted);
readWriteEventArg.UserToken = null;
// assign a byte buffer from the buffer pool to the SocketAsyncEventArg object
_bufferManager.SetBuffer(readWriteEventArg);
// add SocketAsyncEventArg to the pool
_objectPool.Push(readWriteEventArg);
}
}
#endregion
#region Start
/// <summary>
/// 启动
/// </summary>
public void Start()
{
if (!IsRunning)
{
Init();
IsRunning = true;
IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(Address, Port);
// 创建监听socket
_serverSock = new Socket(localEndPoint.AddressFamily, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
//_serverSock.ReceiveBufferSize = _bufferSize;
//_serverSock.SendBufferSize = _bufferSize;
if (localEndPoint.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6)
{
// 配置监听socket为 dual-mode (IPv4 & IPv6)
// 27 is equivalent to IPV6_V6ONLY socket option in the winsock snippet below,
_serverSock.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.IPv6, (SocketOptionName)27, false);
_serverSock.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.IPv6Any, localEndPoint.Port));
}
else
{
_serverSock.Bind(localEndPoint);
}
// 开始监听
_serverSock.Listen(this._maxClient);
// 在监听Socket上投递一个接受请求。
StartAccept(null);
}
}
#endregion
#region Stop
/// <summary>
/// 停止服务
/// </summary>
public void Stop()
{
if (IsRunning)
{
IsRunning = false;
_serverSock.Close();
//TODO 关闭对所有客户端的连接
}
}
#endregion
#region Accept
/// <summary>
/// 从客户端开始接受一个连接操作
/// </summary>
private void StartAccept(SocketAsyncEventArgs asyniar)
{
if (asyniar == null)
{
asyniar = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
asyniar.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnAcceptCompleted);
}
else
{
//socket must be cleared since the context object is being reused
asyniar.AcceptSocket = null;
}
_maxAcceptedClients.WaitOne();
if (!_serverSock.AcceptAsync(asyniar))
{
ProcessAccept(asyniar);
//如果I/O挂起等待异步则触发AcceptAsyn_Asyn_Completed事件
//此时I/O操作同步完成，不会触发Asyn_Completed事件，所以指定BeginAccept()方法
}
}
/// <summary>
/// accept 操作完成时回调函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">Object who raised the event.</param>
/// <param name="e">SocketAsyncEventArg associated with the completed accept operation.</param>
private void OnAcceptCompleted(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
ProcessAccept(e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 监听Socket接受处理
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">SocketAsyncEventArg associated with the completed accept operation.</param>
private void ProcessAccept(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
{
Socket s = e.AcceptSocket;//和客户端关联的socket
if (s.Connected)
{
try
{
Interlocked.Increment(ref _clientCount);//原子操作加1
SocketAsyncEventArgs asyniar = _objectPool.Pop();
asyniar.UserToken = s;
Log4Debug(String.Format("客户 {0} 连入, 共有 {1} 个连接。", s.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(), _clientCount));
if (!s.ReceiveAsync(asyniar))//投递接收请求
{
ProcessReceive(asyniar);
}
}
catch (SocketException ex)
{
Log4Debug(String.Format("接收客户 {0} 数据出错, 异常信息： {1} 。", s.RemoteEndPoint, ex.ToString()));
//TODO 异常处理
}
//投递下一个接受请求
StartAccept(e);
}
}
}
#endregion
#region 发送数据
/// <summary>
/// 异步的发送数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e"></param>
/// <param name="data"></param>
public void Send(SocketAsyncEventArgs e, byte[] data)
{
if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
{
Socket s = e.AcceptSocket;//和客户端关联的socket
if (s.Connected)
{
Array.Copy(data, 0, e.Buffer, 0, data.Length);//设置发送数据
//e.SetBuffer(data, 0, data.Length); //设置发送数据
if (!s.SendAsync(e))//投递发送请求，这个函数有可能同步发送出去，这时返回false，并且不会引发SocketAsyncEventArgs.Completed事件
{
// 同步发送时处理发送完成事件
ProcessSend(e);
}
else
{
CloseClientSocket(e);
}
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 同步的使用socket发送数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="socket"></param>
/// <param name="buffer"></param>
/// <param name="offset"></param>
/// <param name="size"></param>
/// <param name="timeout"></param>
public void Send(Socket socket, byte[] buffer, int offset, int size, int timeout)
{
socket.SendTimeout = 0;
int startTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
int sent = 0; // how many bytes is already sent
do
{
if (Environment.TickCount > startTickCount + timeout)
{
//throw new Exception("Timeout.");
}
try
{
sent += socket.Send(buffer, offset + sent, size - sent, SocketFlags.None);
}
catch (SocketException ex)
{
if (ex.SocketErrorCode == SocketError.WouldBlock ||
ex.SocketErrorCode == SocketError.IOPending ||
ex.SocketErrorCode == SocketError.NoBufferSpaceAvailable)
{
// socket buffer is probably full, wait and try again
Thread.Sleep(30);
}
else
{
throw ex; // any serious error occurr
}
}
} while (sent < size);
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送完成时处理函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">与发送完成操作相关联的SocketAsyncEventArg对象</param>
private void ProcessSend(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
{
Socket s = (Socket)e.UserToken;
//TODO
}
else
{
CloseClientSocket(e);
}
}
#endregion
#region 接收数据
/// <summary>
///接收完成时处理函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">与接收完成操作相关联的SocketAsyncEventArg对象</param>
private void ProcessReceive(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)//if (e.BytesTransferred > 0 && e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
{
// 检查远程主机是否关闭连接
if (e.BytesTransferred > 0)
{
Socket s = (Socket)e.UserToken;
//判断所有需接收的数据是否已经完成
if (s.Available == 0)
{
//从侦听者获取接收到的消息。
//String received = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(e.Buffer, e.Offset, e.BytesTransferred);
//echo the data received back to the client
//e.SetBuffer(e.Offset, e.BytesTransferred);
byte[] data = new byte[e.BytesTransferred];
Array.Copy(e.Buffer, e.Offset, data, 0, data.Length);//从e.Buffer块中复制数据出来，保证它可重用
string info=Encoding.Default.GetString(data);
Log4Debug(String.Format("收到 {0} 数据为 {1}",s.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(),info));
//TODO 处理数据
//增加服务器接收的总字节数。
}
if (!s.ReceiveAsync(e))//为接收下一段数据，投递接收请求，这个函数有可能同步完成，这时返回false，并且不会引发SocketAsyncEventArgs.Completed事件
{
//同步接收时处理接收完成事件
ProcessReceive(e);
}
}
}
else
{
CloseClientSocket(e);
}
}
#endregion
#region 回调函数
/// <summary>
/// 当Socket上的发送或接收请求被完成时，调用此函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender">激发事件的对象</param>
/// <param name="e">与发送或接收完成操作相关联的SocketAsyncEventArg对象</param>
private void OnIOCompleted(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
// Determine which type of operation just completed and call the associated handler.
switch (e.LastOperation)
{
case SocketAsyncOperation.Accept:
ProcessAccept(e);
break;
case SocketAsyncOperation.Receive:
ProcessReceive(e);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentException("The last operation completed on the socket was not a receive or send");
}
}
#endregion
#region Close
/// <summary>
/// 关闭socket连接
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">SocketAsyncEventArg associated with the completed send/receive operation.</param>
private void CloseClientSocket(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
Log4Debug(String.Format("客户 {0} 断开连接!",((Socket)e.UserToken).RemoteEndPoint.ToString()));
Socket s = e.UserToken as Socket;
CloseClientSocket(s, e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭socket连接
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void CloseClientSocket(Socket s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
try
{
s.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Send);
}
catch (Exception)
{
// Throw if client has closed, so it is not necessary to catch.
}
finally
{
s.Close();
}
Interlocked.Decrement(ref _clientCount);
_maxAcceptedClients.Release();
_objectPool.Push(e);//SocketAsyncEventArg 对象被释放，压入可重用队列。
}
#endregion
#region Dispose
/// <summary>
/// Performs application-defined tasks associated with freeing,
/// releasing, or resetting unmanaged resources.
/// </summary>
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
}
/// <summary>
/// Releases unmanaged and - optionally - managed resources
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing"><c>true</c> to release
/// both managed and unmanaged resources; <c>false</c>
/// to release only unmanaged resources.</param>
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!this.disposed)
{
if (disposing)
{
try
{
Stop();
if (_serverSock != null)
{
_serverSock = null;
}
}
catch (SocketException ex)
{
//TODO 事件
}
}
disposed = true;
}
}
#endregion
public void Log4Debug(string msg)
{
Console.WriteLine("notice:"+msg);
}
}
}BufferManager.cs Cache-Verwaltungsklasse und verwendet dieselbe Adresse wie die Beispiele auf MSDN: http://www.php.cn/
static void Main(string[] args)
{
IOCPServer server = new IOCPServer(8088, 1024);
server.Start();
Console.WriteLine("服务器已启动....");
System.Console.ReadLine();
}static void Main(string[] args)
{
IPAddress remote=IPAddress.Parse("192.168.3.4");
client c = new client(8088,remote);
c.connect();
Console.WriteLine("服务器连接成功!");
while (true)
{
Console.Write("send>");
string msg=Console.ReadLine();
if (msg == "exit")
break;
c.send(msg);
}
c.disconnect();
Console.ReadLine();
}public class client
{
public TcpClient _client;
public int port;
public IPAddress remote;
public client(int port,IPAddress remote)
{
this.port = port;
this.remote = remote;
}
public void connect()
{
this._client=new TcpClient();
_client.Connect(remote, port);
}
public void disconnect()
{
_client.Close();
}
public void send(string msg)
{
byte[] data=Encoding.Default.GetBytes(msg);
_client.GetStream().Write(data, 0, data.Length);
}
}IOCPClient-Klasse,
Erstellen Sie einen Socket-Client mithilfe der SocketAsyncEventArgs-Klasse. Obwohl MSDN angibt, dass diese Klasse speziell für Webserveranwendungen entwickelt wurde, gibt es keine Einschränkung für die Verwendung von APM im Clientcode. Nachfolgend finden Sie einen Beispielcode für die IOCCPlient-Klasse:
public class IOCPClient
{
/// <summary>
/// 连接服务器的socket
/// </summary>
private Socket _clientSock;
/// <summary>
/// 用于服务器执行的互斥同步对象
/// </summary>
private static Mutex mutex = new Mutex();
/// <summary>
/// Socket连接标志
/// </summary>
private Boolean _connected = false;
private const int ReceiveOperation = 1, SendOperation = 0;
private static AutoResetEvent[]
autoSendReceiveEvents = new AutoResetEvent[]
{
new AutoResetEvent(false),
new AutoResetEvent(false)
};
/// <summary>
/// 服务器监听端点
/// </summary>
private IPEndPoint _remoteEndPoint;
public IOCPClient(IPEndPoint local,IPEndPoint remote)
{
_clientSock = new Socket(local.AddressFamily,SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
_remoteEndPoint = remote;
}
#region 连接服务器
/// <summary>
/// 连接远程服务器
/// </summary>
public void Connect()
{
SocketAsyncEventArgs connectArgs = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
connectArgs.UserToken = _clientSock;
connectArgs.RemoteEndPoint = _remoteEndPoint;
connectArgs.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnConnected);
mutex.WaitOne();
if (!_clientSock.ConnectAsync(connectArgs))//异步连接
{
ProcessConnected(connectArgs);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 连接上的事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
void OnConnected(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
mutex.ReleaseMutex();
//设置Socket已连接标志。
_connected = (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success);
}
/// <summary>
/// 处理连接服务器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void ProcessConnected(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
//TODO
}
#endregion
#region 发送消息
/// <summary>
/// 向服务器发送消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data"></param>
public void Send(byte[] data)
{
SocketAsyncEventArgs asyniar = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
asyniar.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnSendComplete);
asyniar.SetBuffer(data, 0, data.Length);
asyniar.UserToken = _clientSock;
asyniar.RemoteEndPoint = _remoteEndPoint;
autoSendReceiveEvents[SendOperation].WaitOne();
if (!_clientSock.SendAsync(asyniar))//投递发送请求，这个函数有可能同步发送出去，这时返回false，并且不会引发SocketAsyncEventArgs.Completed事件
{
// 同步发送时处理发送完成事件
ProcessSend(asyniar);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送操作的回调方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void OnSendComplete(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
//发出发送完成信号。
autoSendReceiveEvents[SendOperation].Set();
ProcessSend(e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送完成时处理函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">与发送完成操作相关联的SocketAsyncEventArg对象</param>
private void ProcessSend(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
//TODO
}
#endregion
#region 接收消息
/// <summary>
/// 开始监听服务端数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e"></param>
public void StartRecive(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
//准备接收。
Socket s = e.UserToken as Socket;
byte[] receiveBuffer = new byte[255];
e.SetBuffer(receiveBuffer, 0, receiveBuffer.Length);
e.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(OnReceiveComplete);
autoSendReceiveEvents[ReceiveOperation].WaitOne();
if (!s.ReceiveAsync(e))
{
ProcessReceive(e);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收操作的回调方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void OnReceiveComplete(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
//发出接收完成信号。
autoSendReceiveEvents[ReceiveOperation].Set();
ProcessReceive(e);
}
/// <summary>
///接收完成时处理函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">与接收完成操作相关联的SocketAsyncEventArg对象</param>
private void ProcessReceive(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
{
// 检查远程主机是否关闭连接
if (e.BytesTransferred > 0)
{
Socket s = (Socket)e.UserToken;
//判断所有需接收的数据是否已经完成
if (s.Available == 0)
{
byte[] data = new byte[e.BytesTransferred];
Array.Copy(e.Buffer, e.Offset, data, 0, data.Length);//从e.Buffer块中复制数据出来，保证它可重用
//TODO 处理数据
}
if (!s.ReceiveAsync(e))//为接收下一段数据，投递接收请求，这个函数有可能同步完成，这时返回false，并且不会引发SocketAsyncEventArgs.Completed事件
{
//同步接收时处理接收完成事件
ProcessReceive(e);
}
}
}
}
#endregion
public void Close()
{
_clientSock.Disconnect(false);
}
/// <summary>
/// 失败时关闭Socket，根据SocketError抛出异常。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void ProcessError(SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
{
Socket s = e.UserToken as Socket;
if (s.Connected)
{
//关闭与客户端关联的Socket
try
{
s.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
}
catch (Exception)
{
//如果客户端处理已经关闭，抛出异常
}
finally
{
if (s.Connected)
{
s.Close();
}
}
}
//抛出SocketException
throw new SocketException((Int32)e.SocketError);
}
/// <summary>
/// 释放SocketClient实例
/// </summary>
public void Dispose()
{
mutex.Close();
autoSendReceiveEvents[SendOperation].Close();
autoSendReceiveEvents[ReceiveOperation].Close();
if (_clientSock.Connected)
{
_clientSock.Close();
}
}
}Ich habe diese Klasse nicht getestet, aber theoretisch ist sie in Ordnung. Das Obige ist der Inhalt von C#, SocketAsyncEventArgs und Server. Weitere verwandte Inhalte finden Sie auf der chinesischen PHP-Website (www.php.cn)!
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