Artikel der Serie „C#-Netzwerkprogrammierung' (4) TcpListener implementiert einen synchronen TCP-Server

In diesem Artikel wird vorgestellt

Die TcpListener-Klasse bietet einige einfache Methoden zum Abhören und Akzeptieren eingehender Verbindungsanforderungen im Blockierungssynchronisierungsmodus. TcpListener kann über TcpClient oder Socket verbunden werden. Ein TcpListener kann mit einem IPEndPoint, einer lokalen IP-Adresse und einer Portnummer oder nur einer Portnummer erstellt werden. Sie können die lokale IP-Adresse als Beliebig und die lokale Portnummer als 0 angeben, wenn Sie möchten, dass der zugrunde liegende Dienstanbieter diese Werte für Sie zuweist. Wenn Sie sich dafür entscheiden, können Sie die LocalEndpoint-Eigenschaft verwenden, um die angegebenen Informationen nach der Verbindung mit dem Socket zu identifizieren. Verwenden Sie die Start-Methode, um mit der Überwachung eingehender Verbindungsanforderungen zu beginnen. Start stellt eingehende Verbindungen in die Warteschlange, bis Sie die Stop-Methode aufrufen oder die Warteschlange für MaxConnections abgeschlossen ist. Sie können AcceptSocket oder AcceptTcpClient verwenden, um Verbindungen aus der Warteschlange eingehender Verbindungsanforderungen zu extrahieren. Beide Methoden blockieren. Wenn Sie eine Blockierung vermeiden möchten, ermitteln Sie zunächst mithilfe der Pending-Methode, ob in der Warteschlange verfügbare Verbindungsanforderungen vorhanden sind.
Obwohl TcpListener recht gut gekapselt ist, verwenden wir es, um einen relativ guten synchronen TCP-Server zu erstellen. Der Code im Server ist sehr detailliert . Außerdem werden relevante Kapselungsklassen angegeben.

TcpListener synchronisiert den TCP-Server

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;

namespace NetFrame.Net.TCP.Listener.Synchronous
{
    /// <summary>
    /// TcpListener实现同步TCP服务器
    /// </summary>
    public class TCPServer
    {
        #region Fields
        /// <summary>
        /// 服务器程序允许的最大客户端连接数
        /// </summary>
        private int _maxClient;

        /// <summary>
        /// 当前的连接的客户端数
        /// </summary>
        private int _clientCount;

        /// <summary>
        /// 服务器使用的异步TcpListener
        /// </summary>
        private TcpListener _listener;

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端会话列表
        /// </summary>
        private List<TCPClientHandle> _clients;

        private bool disposed = false;

        #endregion

        #region Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// 服务器是否正在运行
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsRunning { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 监听的IP地址
        /// </summary>
        public IPAddress Address { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 监听的端口
        /// </summary>
        public int Port { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 通信使用的编码
        /// </summary>
        public Encoding Encoding { get; set; }

        #endregion

        #region 构造器
        /// <summary>
        /// 同步TCP服务器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="listenPort">监听的端口</param>
        public TCPServer(int listenPort)
            : this(IPAddress.Any, listenPort, 1024)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 同步TCP服务器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="localEP">监听的终结点</param>
        public TCPServer(IPEndPoint localEP)
            : this(localEP.Address, localEP.Port, 1024)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 同步TCP服务器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="localIPAddress">监听的IP地址</param>
        /// <param name="listenPort">监听的端口</param>
        /// <param name="maxClient">最大客户端数量</param>
        public TCPServer(IPAddress localIPAddress, int listenPort, int maxClient)
        {
            this.Address = localIPAddress;
            this.Port = listenPort;
            this.Encoding = Encoding.Default;

            _maxClient = maxClient;
            _clients = new List<TCPClientHandle>();
            _listener = new TcpListener(new IPEndPoint(this.Address, this.Port));
        }

        #endregion

        #region Method
        /// <summary>
        /// 启动服务器
        /// </summary>
        public void Start()
        {
            if (!IsRunning)
            {
                IsRunning = true;
                _listener.Start();
                Thread thread = new Thread(Accept);
                thread.Start();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 开始进行监听
        /// </summary>
        private void Accept()
        {
            TCPClientHandle handle;
            while (IsRunning)
            {
                TcpClient client = _listener.AcceptTcpClient();
                if (_clientCount >= _maxClient)
                {
                    //TODO 触发事件
                }
                else
                {
                    handle = new TCPClientHandle(client);
                    _clientCount++;
                    _clients.Add(handle);

                    //TODO 创建一个处理客户端的线程并启动
                    //使用线程池来操作
                    new Thread(new ThreadStart(handle.RecevieData)).Start();
                }
            }

        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 停止服务器
        /// </summary>
        public void Stop()
        {
            if (IsRunning)
            {
                IsRunning = false;
                _listener.Stop();
                //TODO 关闭对所有客户端的连接
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 发送函数
        /// </summary>
        public void Send(string msg, TcpClient client)
        {
            //TODO
        }

        #endregion

        #region 事件

        /// <summary>
        /// 与客户端的连接已建立事件
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<TCPEventArgs> ClientConnected;
        /// <summary>
        /// 与客户端的连接已断开事件
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<TCPEventArgs> ClientDisconnected;

        /// <summary>
        /// 触发客户端连接事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="state"></param>
        private void RaiseClientConnected(TCPClientHandle handle)
        {
            if (ClientConnected != null)
            {
                ClientConnected(this, new TCPEventArgs(handle));
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 触发客户端连接断开事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="client"></param>
        private void RaiseClientDisconnected(Socket client)
        {
            if (ClientDisconnected != null)
            {
                ClientDisconnected(this, new TCPEventArgs("连接断开"));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 接收到数据事件
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<TCPEventArgs> DataReceived;

        private void RaiseDataReceived(TCPClientHandle handle)
        {
            if (DataReceived != null)
            {
                DataReceived(this, new TCPEventArgs(handle));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 数据发送事件
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<TCPEventArgs> CompletedSend;

        /// <summary>
        /// 触发数据发送事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="state"></param>
        private void RaiseCompletedSend(TCPClientHandle handle)
        {
            if (CompletedSend != null)
            {
                CompletedSend(this, new TCPEventArgs(handle));
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 网络错误事件
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<TCPEventArgs> NetError;
        /// <summary>
        /// 触发网络错误事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="state"></param>
        private void RaiseNetError(TCPClientHandle handle)
        {
            if (NetError != null)
            {
                NetError(this, new TCPEventArgs(handle));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 异常事件
        /// </summary>
        public event EventHandler<TCPEventArgs> OtherException;
        /// <summary>
        /// 触发异常事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="state"></param>
        private void RaiseOtherException(TCPClientHandle handle, string descrip)
        {
            if (OtherException != null)
            {
                OtherException(this, new TCPEventArgs(descrip, handle));
            }
        }
        private void RaiseOtherException(TCPClientHandle handle)
        {
            RaiseOtherException(handle, "");
        }

        #endregion

        #region Close

        /// <summary>
        /// 关闭一个与客户端之间的会话
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="handle">需要关闭的客户端会话对象</param>
        public void Close(TCPClientHandle handle)
        {
            if (handle != null)
            {
                _clients.Remove(handle);
                handle.Dispose();
                _clientCount--;
                //TODO 触发关闭事件

            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 关闭所有的客户端会话,与所有的客户端连接会断开
        /// </summary>
        public void CloseAllClient()
        {
            foreach (TCPClientHandle handle in _clients)
            {
                Close(handle);
            }
            _clientCount = 0;
            _clients.Clear();
        }
        #endregion

        #region 释放
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs application-defined tasks associated with freeing, 
        /// releasing, or resetting unmanaged resources.
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            Dispose(true);
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Releases unmanaged and - optionally - managed resources
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing"><c>true</c> to release 
        /// both managed and unmanaged resources; <c>false</c> 
        /// to release only unmanaged resources.</param>
        protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (!this.disposed)
            {
                if (disposing)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        Stop();
                        if (_listener != null)
                        {
                            _listener = null;
                        }
                    }
                    catch (SocketException)
                    {
                        //TODO 异常
                    }
                }
                disposed = true;
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

Client-Verarbeitungskapselungsklasse

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.IO;

namespace NetFrame.Net.TCP.Listener.Synchronous
{
    /// <summary>
    /// TcpListener实现同步TCP服务器 的客户端连接处理类
    /// </summary>
    public class TCPClientHandle
    {
        private TcpClient _tcpclient;

        private BinaryReader rs;

        private BinaryWriter ws;

        /// <summary>
        /// 标识是否与客户端相连接
        /// </summary>
        private bool _is_connect;
        public bool IsConnect
        {
            get { return _is_connect; }
            set { _is_connect = value; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 数据接受缓冲区
        /// </summary>
        private byte[] _recvBuffer;

        public TCPClientHandle(TcpClient client)
        {
            _tcpclient = client;
            rs = new BinaryReader(client.GetStream());
            ws = new BinaryWriter(client.GetStream());
            // NetworkStream ns = tmpTcpClient.GetStream();
            // if(ns.CanRead&&ns.CanWrite)
            _recvBuffer=new byte[client.ReceiveBufferSize];
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 接受数据
        /// </summary>
        public void RecevieData()
        {
            int len = 0;
            while (_is_connect)
            {
                try
                {
                    len = rs.Read(_recvBuffer, 0, _recvBuffer.Length);
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    break;
                }
                if (len == 0)
                {
                    //the client has disconnected from server
                    break;
                }
                //TODO 处理收到的数据
                
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 向客户端发送数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msg"></param>
        public void SendData(string msg)
        {
            byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(msg);
            try
            {
                ws.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                ws.Flush();
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                //TODO 处理异常
            }
        }

        #region 事件


        //TODO 消息发送事件
        //TODO 数据收到事件
        //TODO 异常处理事件

        #endregion

        #region 释放
        /// <summary>
        /// Performs application-defined tasks associated with freeing, 
        /// releasing, or resetting unmanaged resources.
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            _is_connect = false;
            if (_tcpclient != null)
            {
                _tcpclient.Close();
                _tcpclient = null;
            }
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

TCP-Server-Ereignisparameterklasse

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace NetFrame.Net.TCP.Listener.Synchronous
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 同步TcpListener TCP服务器事件类
    /// </summary>
    public class TCPEventArgs : EventArgs
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 提示信息
        /// </summary>
        public string _msg;

        /// <summary>
        /// 客户端状态封装类
        /// </summary>
        public TCPClientHandle _handle;

        /// <summary>
        /// 是否已经处理过了
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsHandled { get; set; }

        public TCPEventArgs(string msg)
        {
            this._msg = msg;
            IsHandled = false;
        }
        public TCPEventArgs(TCPClientHandle handle)
        {
            this._handle = handle;
            IsHandled = false;
        }
        public TCPEventArgs(string msg, TCPClientHandle handle)
        {
            this._msg = msg;
            this._handle = handle;
            IsHandled = false;
        }
    }
}

Die Oben finden Sie den Inhalt von TcpListener im Artikel (IV) der C#-Netzwerkprogrammierungsreihe zur Implementierung der TCP-Server-Synchronisierung. Weitere verwandte Inhalte finden Sie auf der chinesischen PHP-Website (www.php.cn).