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Ruby用户指南 3、开始 4、简单的例子 5、字符串 6、正则表达式 7、数组 8、回到那些简单的例子 9、流程控制 10、迭代器 11、面向对象思维 12、方法 13、类 14、继承 15、重载方法 16、访问控制 17、单态方法 18、模块 19、过程对象 20、变量 21、全局变量 22、实变量 23、局部变量 24、类常量 25、异常处理:rescue 26、异常处理:ensure 27、存取器 28、对象的初始化 29、杂项 RGSS入门教程 1、什么是RGSS 2、开始:最简单的脚本 3、数据类型:数字 4、数据类型:常量与变量 5、数据类型:字符串 6、控制语句:条件分歧语句 7、控制语句:循环 8、函数 9、对象与类 10、显示图片 11、数组 12、哈希表(关联数组) 13、类 14、数据库 15、游戏对象 16、精灵的管理 17、窗口的管理 18、活动指令 19、场景类 Programming Ruby的翻译 Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide 前言 Roadmap Ruby.new 类,对象和变量 容器Containers,块Blocks和迭代Iterators 标准类型 深入方法 表达式Expressions 异常,捕捉和抛出(已经开始,by jellen) 模块 基本输入输出 线程和进程 当遭遇挫折 Ruby和它的世界 Ruby和Web开发 Ruby Tk Ruby 和微软的 Windows 扩展Ruby Ruby语言 (by jellen) 类和对象 (by jellen) Ruby安全 反射Reflection 内建类和方法 标准库 OO设计 网络和Web库 Windows支持 内嵌文档 交互式Ruby Shell 支持 Ruby参考手册 Ruby首页 卷首语 Ruby的启动 环境变量 对象 执行 结束时的相关处理 线程 安全模型 正则表达式 字句构造 程序 变量和常数 字面值 操作符表达式 控制结构 方法调用 类/方法的定义 内部函数 内部变量 内部常数 内部类/模块/异常类 附加库 Ruby变更记录 ruby 1.6 特性 ruby 1.7 特性 Ruby术语集 Ruby的运行平台 pack模板字符串 sprintf格式 Marshal格式 Ruby FAQ Ruby的陷阱
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Microsoft Windows Support



The three libraries documented in this chapter turn Ruby into a powerful and convenient Windows scripting language. Now you have the power to control your applications, but in a controlled, object-oriented environment.

class WIN32OLE
Parent: Object
Version: 1.6

Index:

connect const_load new [ ] [ ]= each invoke


require 'win32ole'
ie = WIN32OLE.new('InternetExplorer.Application')
ie.visible = true
ie.gohome

WIN32OLE provides a client interface to Windows 32 OLE Automation servers. See the tutorial description on page 164 for more information.

constants
WIN32OLE::VERSION Current version number

class methods
connect WIN32OLE.connect( aString ) -> wapi

Returns a new OLE automation client connected to an existing instance of the named automation server.

const_load WIN32OLE.const_load( wapi, [ aClass=WIN32OLE ] ) -> nil

Defines the constants from the specified automation server as class constants in aClass.

new WIN32OLE.new( aString ) -> wapi

Returns a new OLE automation client connected to a new instance of the automation server named by aString.

instance methods
[ ] wapi[ aString ] -> anObject

Returns the named property from the OLE automation object.

[ ]= wapi[ aString ] = aValue -> nil

Sets the named property in the OLE automation object.

each wapi.each {| anObj | block }

-> nil

Iterates over each item of this OLE server that supports the IEnumVARIANT interface.

invoke wapi.invoke ( aCmdString, [ args ]*) -> anObject

Invokes the command given in aCmdString with the given args. args may be a Hash of named parameters and values. You don't need to call invoke explicitly; this class uses method_missing to forward calls through invoke, so you can simply use the OLE methods as methods of this class.

class WIN32OLE_EVENT
Parent: Object
Version: 1.6

Index:

message_loop new on_event


This (slightly modified) example from the Win32OLE 0.1.1 distribution shows the use of an event sink.

require 'win32ole'

$urls = []

def navigate(url)   $urls << url end

def stop_msg_loop   puts "IE has exited..."   throw :done end

def default_handler(event, *args)   case event   when "BeforeNavigate"     puts "Now Navigating to #{args[0]}..."   end end

ie = WIN32OLE.new('InternetExplorer.Application') ie.visible = TRUE ie.gohome ev = WIN32OLE_EVENT.new(ie, 'DWebBrowserEvents')

ev.on_event {|*args| default_handler(*args)} ev.on_event("NavigateComplete") {|url| navigate(url)} ev.on_event("Quit") {|*args| stop_msg_loop}

catch(:done) {   loop {     WIN32OLE_EVENT.message_loop   } }

puts "You Navigated to the following URLs: " $urls.each_with_index do |url, i|   puts "(#{i+1}) #{url}" end

WIN32OLE_EVENT is used in conjunction with the WIN32OLE class to add callbacks for Windows 32 events.
class methods
message_loop WIN32OLE_EVENT.message_loop -> nil

Executes the Windows event loop, translating and dispatching events.

new WIN32OLE_EVENT.new ( anOle, aName ) -> wapi

Returns a new WIN32OLE_EVENT (an event sink) for the given WIN32OLE object and named event source. If aName is nil, it will attempt to use the default source and will raise a RuntimeError if it cannot find one.

instance methods
on_event wapi.on_event ( [ anEvent ] ) {| args | block }

-> nil

Defines a callback for the named anEvent. If anEvent is nil, then this callback is associated with all events. The block will be given any arguments appropriate for this event.

class Win32API
Parent: Object
Version: 1.6

Index:

new call Call


This example is from the Ruby distribution, in ext/Win32API:

require 'Win32API'

getCursorPos = Win32API.new("user32", "GetCursorPos", ['P'], 'V')

lpPoint = " " * 8 # store two LONGs getCursorPos.Call(lpPoint) x, y = lpPoint.unpack("LL") # get the actual values

print "x: ", x, "\n" print "y: ", y, "\n"

ods = Win32API.new("kernel32", "OutputDebugString", ['P'], 'V') ods.Call("Hello, World\n")

GetDesktopWindow = Win32API.new("user32", "GetDesktopWindow", [], 'L') GetActiveWindow = Win32API.new("user32", "GetActiveWindow", [], 'L') SendMessage = Win32API.new("user32", "SendMessage", ['L'] * 4, 'L') SendMessage.Call(GetDesktopWindow.Call, 274, 0xf140, 0)

The Win32API module allows access to any arbitrary Windows 32 function. Many of these functions take or return a Pointer datatype---a region of memory corresponding to a C string or structure type.

In Ruby, these pointers are represented using class String, which contains a sequence of 8-bit bytes. It is up to you to pack and unpack the bits in the String. See the reference section for unpack on page 378 and pack on page 286 for details.
class methods
new Win32API.new( dllname, procname, importArray, export ) -> wapi

Returns a new object representing a Windows 32 API function. dllname is the name of the DLL containing the function, such as ``user32'' or ``kernel32.'' procname is the name of the desired function. importArray is an array of strings representing the types of arguments to the function. export is a string representing the return type of the function. Strings ``n'' and ``l'' represent numbers, ``i'' represent integers, ``p'' represents pointers to data stored in a string, and ``v'' represents a void type (used for export parameters only). These strings are case-insensitive.

instance methods
call wapi.call( [ args ]*) -> anObject

Calls this API function with the given arguments, which must match the signature specified to new.

Call wapi.Call( [ args ]*) -> anObject

Synonym for Win32API#call.


Extracted from the book "Programming Ruby - The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide"
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